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Biosphere Reserves of India : Names and Location
Biosphere Reserves are large areas of bio diversity where flora and fauna are
protected. These regions of environmental protection roughly correspond to IUCN
Category V Protected areas. The Indian government has established 18 Biosphere
Reserves of India, which protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National
Park or Wildlife Sanctuary).
Biosphere Reserves of India often include one or more National Parks or
sanctuaries, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses.
Protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but
also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life.
List of Biosphere Reserves of India
NB: Those Biosphere reserves in bold are part of World Network of Biosphere
Reserves too.
Sl. Year
Name
State
Type
Key Fauna
Great Rann of
Gujarat
Desert
Indian Wild Ass
2 1989 Gulf of Mannar
Tamil Nadu
Coasts
DugongorSea Cow
3 1989
West Bengal Gangetic
No
1 2008
Kutch
Sundarbans
Royal Bengal Tiger
Delta
4 2009
5 1988
Cold Desert
Nanda Devi
Himachal
Western
Pradesh
Himalayas
Uttarakhand Western
Snow Leopard
NA
Himalayas
6 1986 Nilgiri Biosphere Tamil Nadu,
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Western
Nilgiri Tahr,Lion-tailed
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Reserve
Keralaand
Ghats
macaque
Arunachal
Eastern
NA
Pradesh
Himalaya
Pachmarhi
Madhya
Semi-Arid
Biosphere
Pradesh
Karnataka
7 1998
8 1999
Dihang-Dibang
Giant Squirrel,Flying
Squirrel
Reserve
9 2010 Seshachalam Hills
10 1994
Simlipal
11 2005 AchanakamarAmarkantak
Andhra
Eastern
NA
Pradesh
Ghats
Odisha
Deccan
Gaur,Royal Bengal
Peninsula
Tiger,Wild elephant
Madhya
Maikala
NA
Pradesh,
Hills
Chhattisgarh
12 1989
Manas
Assam
East
Golden Langur,Red Panda
Himalayas
13 2000 Khangchendzonga
Sikkim
East
Snow Leopard,Red Panda
Himalayas
14 2001
Agasthyamalai
Kerala,Tamil
Western
Biosphere Reserve
Nadu
ghats
Andaman
Islands
Saltwater Crocodile
East
Red Panda
15 1989 Great Nicobar
16 1988
Biosphere
and Nicobar
Reserve
Islands
Nokrek
Meghalaya
Nilgiri Tahr,Elephants
Himalayas
17 1997 Dibru-Saikhowa
Assam
East
Golden Langur
Himalayas
18 2011
Panna
Madhya
Pradesh
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Ken River
Tiger,Chital,
Chinkara,SambharandSloth
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bear
Biosphere Reserves of India in World Network of Biosphere
Reserves
Nine of the eighteen biosphere reserves of India are a part of the World Network
of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB)
Programme list. They are given in bold in the above list.
Main differences between Biosphere Reserves, National Park and Wild
Life Sactuaries
Biosphere Reserves :Schematic Representation
Biosphere Reserves are the biggest entity among the three. The level of restriction
in the increasing order is Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries and National
Parks.The Indian government has established18Biosphere Reserves of India,
roughly corresponding toIUCNCategory V Protected areas.Indiahas
over441animal sanctuaries, referred to asWildlife sanctuaries(IUCNCategory
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IVProtected Area).TheNational parks of IndiaareIUCNcategory IIprotected
areas.As of April 2012, there were102national parks in India and more parks on
the process of getting commissioned.
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