List of emerging technologies

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This list possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline
citations. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed. (March 2011)
This is a list of currently emerging technologies, which contains some of the most prominent ongoing
developments, advances, and innovations in various fields of moderntechnology. Emerging technologies are those
technical innovations which represent progressive developments within a field for competitive advantage.[1]
Contents
[hide]

1 Agriculture

2 Biomedical

3 Displays

4 Electronics

5 Energy

6 IT and communications

7 Manufacturing

8 Materials science

9 Military

10 Neuroscience

11 Robotics

12 Transport

13 Other

14 See also

15 Further reading

16 References

17 External links

Agriculture[edit]
Emerging
technology

Status

Agricultural
robot[2]

Research and
development, trial
projects

Closed
ecological
systems[3][4][5]

Research and
development, working
demonstrators
(e.g. Biosphere 2)

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Agricultural science

Agriculture,
scientific
research, space
colonization

Related articles

Greenhouse, Eden
Project, Bioshelter, Seawater
greenhouse, Perpetual harvest
greenhouse system

Genetically
Research and
modified food[6] development,
[7]
commercialization

Meat incubator

Research and
development

Butchers, the meat

packing industry[8]

Creating synthetic
meat products

In vitro meat

Research and
development[9][10][11]

Animal
husbandry,fishing[11]

Humane, resourceefficient meat[11]

Precision
agriculture

Research and
development, diffusion

Industrial agriculture

Crop and meat

production

Research, development,
Vertical farming experiments, and
diffusion[12][13][14]

Biomedical[edit]

New Harvest

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies
and/or
industries

Potential applications

Related articles

Artificial uterus

Hypothetical, research

Incubator

extracorporeal
pregnancy,Reprogenetics, sa
me-sex procreation

Body implants,prosthesis

Trials, from animal

(e.g., brain implants) to
human clinical
(e.g.,insulin pump
implant), to commercial
production
(e.g. pacemaker,joint
replacement, cochlear
implant)

Various fields of
medicine

Brain implant, retinal implant

Cryonics

Hypothetical, research

Reproduction, cosmetics, and Parahuman,Human

genetic diversity
genetic engineering

Expressive augmentation

Hypothetical

Plastic
surgery, makeup,body
painting and
some parts
of costumes

Genetic engineering

Research, development,
commercialization[15][16]

Animal
husbandry, plant
breeding

Creating and
modifying species, biomachines, eliminating genetic
disorders (gene therapy)

Hibernation or suspended
animation

Research, development,
animal trials[17]

Surgical
anaesthesia

Organ transplantation, space

travel, prolonged surgery,
emergency care

Life extension, Strategies

for Engineered Negligible
Senescence

Research, experiments,
animal testing[18][19][20]

Existing
treatments for
age-related
diseases[20]

Increased life spans[20]

Nanomedicines

Research, experiments,

Prosthetics,prostheti
cs in fiction

Genetically
modified
food,genetic
pollution

Resveratrol,SRT172
0

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies
and/or
industries

Potential applications

Related articles

limited use[21][22]

Oncolytic Virus

Human trials (Talimogene

laherparepvec, reolysin, J
X-594),
commercialisation
(H101)

Personalized medicine,full
Research, experiments[23]
genome sequencing

Regenerative medicine

Robotic surgery

Stem cell treatments

Tissue engineering

Virotherapy

Orphan drugs

Some laboratory trials[24]

Research, diffusion[25][26]
[27]

Oncolytic virus

Cancer management and

preventive treatment; genetic
disorders

Life extension

Surgeons untraine
d in robotic
surgery

Research, experiments,
phase I human trial spinal
cord injury treatment
Other therapies
(GERON), cultured
cornea transplants[28][29]

Research, diffusion[30][31]

Stem cell, stem cell

Treatment for a wide range of
treatments,Skin cell
diseases and injuries
gun

[32][33]

Organ printing

Research, Human Trials

Gene Therapy, cancer therapy

Vitrification orcryoprotecta Hypothetical, some

nt
experiments[34]

Displays[edit]

Cancer therapy, imaging

Ischemic
damages

Organ
transplantation, cryonics

Virotherapy,Oncolyt
ic Virus

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential applications

3D displays

Research,
other display
Television, computer
commercialization[35][36] technologies,CRT, LCD interfaces, cinemas

Ferro Liquid Display

Some commercial
products

Field emission display

Research

Holography(Holographic
display,ComputerDiffusion[37][38][39]
generated holography)

Display technologies

Interferometric
modulator display

Development,
commercializing[40]

Non-emissive displays
Other display
with fast response times
technologies,CRT, LCD and potentially the most
, plasma, e-paper
realistic colors of all
display technologies

Laser video displays

first commercial Laser

LCD and plasma
TV in 2008, Mitsubishi
displays
LaserVue TV

OLED displays

Diffusion[41][42]

Organic light-emitting
transistor

Development

Phased-array optics

Hypothetical[43][44]

LCD and plasma

displays

Related articles

Autostereoscopic
display,stereoscopic
display, volumetric
display, holographic
display, Light Field
display, Nintendo
3DS, HTC Evo 3D

Interferometric
modulator
display,comparison of
display technology

Displays with very wide

colour gamut

Laser
TV, Comparison of
display technology

Displays, lighting

OLED
TV, Comparison of
display technology

Conventionaldisplay
Mass production of 3devices(e.g., television) dimensional imagery

Emerging
technology

Status

Quantum dot display

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential applications

Related articles

Diffusion

Screenless
display(Virtual retinal
display, Bionic contact
lens),EyeTap

Hypothetical,
experiments[45]

Traditional displays

Augmented reality, virtual

reality, EyeTap could
allow the user to reference
the blue prints like in a
construction yard, in a 3D
manner, Delivers the user
constant up to date
information on the stock
market, the user's
corporation, and meeting
statuses, visual disabilities

Surface-conduction
electron-emitter display

Abandoned

Traditional displays

Displays with high

contrast ratio, fast
response time and high
energy efficiency

Telescopic pixel display

In development

Thick-film dielectric
electroluminescent
technology

Suspended

Head-mounted
display, Head-up
display, adaptive
optics

Time-multiplexed optical
Commercialized
shutter

Volumetric display

3-dimensional imagery

Swept-volume display

Electronics[edit]
Emerging
technology

Electronic nose

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Research,
commercialization[46][47]

X-ray and MRI scans for

detecting cancer

Potential applications

Detecting spoiled food, chemical

weapons and cancer

Related articles

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential applications

E-textiles

Research, diffusion[48]

Flexible
electronics

Research, development,
some prototypes[49][50]

Memristor

Working prototype[51][52]

Some current integrated

circuits, many
otherelectronics devices

Spintronics

Working prototypes[53]

Mechanical magnetic hard

Data storage
disk drives

Working prototypes in
discrete devices

Conventional thermal
systems, heat sinks, bulk
thermoelectrics

Thermal
copper pillar
bump

Related articles

Flexible and folding electronic

devices (such as smartphones),
Flexiblesolar cells which are
lightweight, can be rolled up for
launch, and are easily deployable

Nokia
Morph, Flexible
organic lightemitting diode

Smaller, faster, lower power

consuming storage, analogue
electronics,Artificial intelligence

MRAM

Electric circuit cooling; microfluidic actuators; smalldevice thermoelectric

power generation
(see thermoelectric generator)

Ultra high
definition
holographic
disc, Metal
insulator transition

Energy[edit]
Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related articles

Vortex engine

Chimney, Cooling
Power generation.
tower, Solar updraft tower

Airborne wind
Research[54][55][56]
turbine

Fossil fuels

Producing electricity

KiteGen

Fossil fuel or 'archived'

photosynthesis

Improve natural
photosynthesis, so
roads buildings and
vehicles convert
sunlight and water
into hydrogen and

Sustainocene, Renewable
energy, Nanotechnology

Artificial
Research,
photosynthesis experiments[57] growing
interest in a macroscience
global project [58]

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related articles

carbon dioxide into

carbohydrates

Energy storage, more

Issues relating to biofuels
so for transport

Biofuels

Diffusion[59]

Fossil fuels

Concentrated
solar power

Growing markets in
California, Spain, Northern
Africa[60]

Fossil fuels, photovoltaics Producing electricity

Electric
double-layer
capacitor

Diffusion, continued
development[61]

DESERTEC, BrightSource
Energy, Solar Millennium

Chemical batteries

Regenerative braking;
energy storage:
generally faster
charging, longer
lasting, more flexible,
greener

Fossil fuels, renewable

energy,nuclear fission
power

Producing electricity,
ITER, NIF, Polywell,Dense
heat, fusion torch
plasma focus,Muonrecycling with waste
catalyzed fusion
heat

Traditional nuclear power

reactors,fossil fuels

Producing electricity,
heat, transmutation of
nuclear waste
stockpiles from
traditional reactors

Electrical grid

Off-the-grid,
producing electricity

Flywheel
Some commercial examples
energy storage

Fusion power

Hypothetical, experiments;
for 60+ years[62]

Generation IV
Research, Experiments
reactor

Grid energy
storage

Increasing use

Home fuel cell

Research,
commercialisation[63][64][65]

Autonomous
building,Bloom Energy
Server

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Diffusion of hydrogen fuel

cells; Hypothetical,
experiments for lower cost
hydrogen production[66]

Other energy storage

methods:
chemical batteries, fossil
fuels

Energy storage

Lithium-air
battery

Research, experiments[67]

Other energy storage

methods:hydrogen,
chemical batteries, some
uses of fossil fuels

Laptops, mobile
phones, longrange electric cars;
storing energy
for electric grid

Lithium iron
phosphate
battery

Commercialization

Molten salt
battery

Applications and continuing

research

Molten salt
reactor

Research, Experiments

Traditional nuclear power

reactors, fossil fuels

Producing electricity,
heat

Nanowire
battery

Experiments, prototypes[68][69]

Other energy storage

methods:hydrogen,
chemical batteries, some
uses of fossil fuels

Laptops, mobile
phones, longrange electric cars;
storing energy
for electric grid

Nantenna

Research[70][71][72]

Fossil fuels

Producing electricity

Siliconair
battery

Experiments

Smart grid

Research, diffusion[73][74][75]

Emerging
technology

Hydrogen
economy

Solar roadway Research[76][77][78]

Potential
applications

Related articles

Smart meter, SuperSmart

Grid

Fossil fuels

Producing electricity

Emerging
technology

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Status

Space-based
solar power

Hypothetical

Thorium fuel
cycle

Research started in the

1960s, still ongoing

Potential
applications

Uranium based nuclear

power, fossil fuels

Producing electricity,
heat

Wireless
Prototypes, diffusion, short
energy transfer range consumer products[79]

Power cords,
plugs, batteries

Wirelessly powered
equipment: laptop,
cell phones, electric
cars, etc.

Energy
harvesting

Batteries

Constant energy
source for mobile,
wearable and
ubiquitous devices

Experiments

Related articles

WiTricity, resonant
inductive coupling

IT and communications[edit]

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

4G cellular communication

First commercial LTE

networks deployed in
Sweden December 2009;
candidate systems LTEbroadband
advanced and IEEE
802.16m (Mobile WiMAX
Release 2) in development

Ambient intelligence

Hypothetical

Research

Artificial intelligence

Hypothetical,
experiments; limited uses

Human decision,

Related
articles

Mobile
broadband,mobile
TV, Interactive
Pervasive computing
TV, 3D-TV,
[80]
holographiccam
eras[80]

Neurological
disease's
treatments, artificial
intelligence

[81]

Artificial brain

Potential
applications

Creating intelligent

Blue Brain Project

Progress in
artificial

Emerging technology

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Status

in specialized domains

[82]

[83][84]

Atomtronics

Hypothetical

Augmented Reality

diffusion

analysis, etc.

Potential
applications

devices

Related
articles

intelligence,techno
logical
singularity,applica
tions of artificial
intelligence

Cybermethodology

Emerging memory
technologiesT-RAM, Z-RAM, T
TRAM,CBRAM, SONOS, RRA
In development
M,Racetrack
memory, NRAM,Millipede
memory

Current memory
technologies

Fourth-generation optical
discs(3D optical data
storage,Holographic data
storage)

Research, prototyping

Some mass
storagemethods/devi
ces, magnetic tape
data storage, optical
data storage

Storing and archiving

Blu-ray
data previously
Disc, Optical
erased for economic
storage
reasons

General-purpose computing on
graphics processing units

Diffusion of non
standardized methods

CPU for a few

specialized uses

Order of magnitude
faster processing
ofparallelizable algori
thms

Machine augmented
cognition,exocortices

Diffusion of primitive
amplifications; working
Libraries, schools, tra
prototypes of more;
ining, pocket
Hypothetical, experiments
calculators
on more substantial
amplification

Machine translation

Diffusion[86][87]

[85]

Human translation
Easier and cheaper
of natural languages, cross-cultural

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

in areas where
misunderstanding is
non-critical and
language
isformalized

Potential
applications

communication

Research, prototyping,
commercialization[81]

Biometrics,
controlling processes
(e.g., indriverless
car, automated
guided vehicle),
Biotic vision and
detecting events (e.g.,
perception, including
in
humans
visual surveillance),
interaction (e.g.,
in human-computer
interaction), robot
vision

Mobile collaboration

Development,
commercialization[88]

Extends the
capabilities of video
conferencing for use
on hand-held mobile
Traditional videodevices in real-time
conferencing systems over secure networks.
For use in diverse
industries such as
manufacturing,
energy, healthcare.[89]

Optical computing

Hypothetical,
experiments; some
components of integrated
circuits have been
developed[90]

Many electronics dev Smaller, faster, lower

ices, integrated
power consuming
circuits
computing

Machine vision

Quantum computing

Hypothetical,
experiments,
[91]
commercialization[92]

Atomtronics,
Electronic
computing,optical
computing, quantum
clock

Related
articles

Much faster
computing, for some
kinds of problems,
chemical modeling,
new materials with
programmed
properties,
Hypothetical ofhightemperature
superconductivity an

Computer
vision,pattern
recognition,digital
image processing

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related
articles

dsuperfluidity

Quantum cryptography

Radio-frequency identification

Secure
communications

Commercialization[93]

Diffusion of high cost[94][95]

[96]

Barcode

Smartstores - RFID
based self
checkout(keeping
track of all incoming
and outgoing
products), food
packaging, smart
shelves, smart carts.
See: potential uses

Web 2.0

Making the web

machine-readable by
annotating data on
the web based on its
meaning

Semantic Web or answer

machine

Research, limited use

Speech recognition

Research,Development,Co Mechanical input

mmercialization
devices

Three-dimensional integrated
circuit

Development,
commercialization[97][98]

Conventional integrat
ed circuit

Virtual Reality

diffusion

Television

Entertainment,
education

Manufacturing[edit]
Emerging
technology

3D printing

Status

Commercial
production[99][100]

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential applications

Manual prototype
Rapidly prototyping and producing
production, some methods of plastic objects and multi-material
mass production that lack
items, with potential to significantly

Related articles

RepRap
Project,Contour

Emerging
technology

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Status

Potential applications

customize products for individual

consumers

customizability

Claytronics

Hypothetical,
experiment

3D printing, traditional
manufacturing methods and
tools

Molecular
assembler

Hypothetical,
experiment

3D printing, traditional
manufacturing methods and
tools

Utility fog

Hypothetical,
experiment

Related articles

Crafting, D-Shape

Replicator (Star
Trek)

Materials science[edit]

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Aerogel

Hypothetical,
experiments,
diffusion, early
uses[101]

Traditional Insulation,
Glass

Improved insulation, insulative

glass if it can be made clear,
sleeves for oil pipelines,
aerospace, high-heat & extreme
cold applications

Conductive Polymers

Research,
experiments,
prototypes

Conductors

Lighter and cheaper wires,

antistatic materials, organic
solar cells

Present nuclear

New materials; nuclear

weapons, power

Emerging technology

Femtotechnology,Picotechnol
Hypothetical
ogy

Graphene

Hypothetical,
experiments,
diffusion, early
uses[102][103]

silicon-basedintegrated
circuit

Potential applications

Components with higher

strength to weight ratios,
transistors that operate at higher
frequency, lower cost of display
screens in mobile devices,
storing hydrogen for fuel cell

Related
articles

Emerging technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential applications

Related
articles

powered cars, sensors to

diagnose diseases[104]

High-temperature
superconductivity

Cryogenic
receiver frontend (CRFE) RF
and microwave
filter systems for
Copper wire,
mobile phone
semiconductor integral
base stations;
circuits
prototypes in dry
ice; Hypothetical
and experiments
for higher
temperatures[105]

No loss conductors, frictionless

bearings, magnetic levitation,
lossless high-capacity
accumulators, electric cars,
heat-free integral circuits and
processors

High-temperature
superfluidity

Superfluid
gyroscopes
already exist but Mechanicalgyroscope
work at very low
temperatures

High-precision measure of
gravity, navigation and
maneuver devices, possible
devices to emit gravitomagnetic
field, frictionless mechanical
devices

Metamaterials

Hypothetical,
experiments,
diffusion[106]

Microscopes, cameras, metamat

erial cloaking, cloaking devices

Multi-function structures

Nanomaterials:carbon
nanotubes

Programmable matter

[107]

Classical optics

Hypothetical,
experiments,
Composite
some prototypes, materials mostly
few commercial

Hypothetical,
experiments,
diffusion, early
uses[108][109]

Hypothetical,
experiments[110]
[111]

Wide range, e.g., self health

monitoring, self healing
material, morphing...

Structural steeland alumini Stronger, lighter

um
materials, space elevator

Coatings,catalysts

Wide range,
e.g., claytronics, synthetic
biology

Potential
applications of
carbon
nanotubes,carb
on fiber

Emerging technology

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Status

Potential applications

Related
articles

Quantum dot laser, future use as

programmable matter in display
technologies (TV, projection),
optical data communications
(high-speed data transmission),
medicine (laser scalpel)

Quantum dots

Research,
experiments,
prototypes[112]

LCD, LED

Silicene

Hypothetical,
research

Field-effect transistors

Military[edit]
Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related articles

Tracking and
destruction of tactical
ballistic missiles

Advanced Tactical
Laser, High Energy Liquid
Laser Area Defense System

Warfare

Laser Weapon System

Coilgun, Railgun

Airborne laser

Research and
development, trials,
discontinued

Missile defense

Antimatter weapon

Hypothetical

Nuclear weapons

Caseless
ammunition

Field tests and some

niche markets

Cartridges

Directed energy
weapon

Research, development,
some prototypes[113]

Firearms

Electrolaser

Research and
development

Taser

Electromagnetic
weapons

Research and
development[114][115]

Firearms

Warfare

Electrothermalchemical
technology

Research and
development

Conventional
ammunition

Tank, artillery, and

close-in weapon

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related articles

systems

Particle beam
weapon

Research and
development

Plasma weapon

Research

Firearms

Warfare

Strategic Defense Initiative

Plasma stealth, Stealth

aircraft, Radar-absorbent
material

Pure fusion weapon Hypothetical

Sonic weapon

Research and
development

Stealth technology

Research and
development

Camouflage

Electronic
countermeasures

Vortex ring gun

Research and
development

tear gas

Crowd control

Neuroscience[edit]

Emerging technology

Status

Abolition of Suffering

Hypothetical

Potential applications

IBM Blue Brain

project

Related
articles

Humanity +

Enhance attention span and alertness,

and facilitate learning and memory

Ampakine

Artificial brain

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Emerging technology

Brain-computer interface

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Status

Research and
commercialization

Video
games, television,
and movies

Research,
diffusion[120][121]

Related
articles

A revolution
in entertainment, medicine,
and computing.

Mind uploading, enabling individuals

with brain damage to
communicate[119]

BrainResearch[116][117][118]
reading,Neuroinformatics

Electroencephalography

Potential applications

Keyboards and other

interfaces

Controlling electronic devices via

brain waves

BrainGate.

Visual prosthesis, brain

implant, exocortex, retinal implant

Neuroprosthetics

Robotics[edit]

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentiall
y
marginali
zed
technolog
ies

Potential applications

Molecular
Hypothetical,
nanotechnology,nanoro
experiments[122]
botics

Products and
parts
production,
retail
distribution

Machines (desktop, industrial) that

can make anything given the
materials, cheap
planetary terraforming

Powered exoskeleton

Research,
development,
prototypes,
diffusion,
commercializin
g[123]

Electric
wheelchairs,
forklifts

Heavy lifting, paralysis, muscle

related
diseases, warfare, construction,
care for theelderly and disabled.

Self-reconfiguring
modular robot

Other ways to
Hypothetical,
form physical
experiments,
structures and
early prototypes
machines

Related articles

LOPES
(exoskeleton), ReWalk,Human
Universal Load Carrier,
fictional armor Iron Man's
armor,Future Force Warrior

As a universal physical machine,

Robot, swarm
SRCMR may change the way we
robotics,autonomous research
make many physical structures and
robot
machines

Emerging
technology

Status

Swarm robotics

Unmanned vehicle

Potentiall
y
marginali
zed
technolog
ies

Potential applications

Related articles

Hypothetical,
experiments[124]

Distributed
computing,
complexity in Autonomous construction, space
behavior by construction
simplicity in
architecture

Research and
development,
some diffusion

Mass
surveillance, eavesdropping, Ocean
ography, Commercial
aerial surveillance of livestock
monitoring, wildfire mapping,
pipeline security, home security,
road patrol and anti-piracy.
Domestic aerial surveillance, patrol
the nation's borders, scout property,
and hunt down fugitives, Oil gas
and mineral exploration and
Manned
production, geophysical surveys,
vehicles,
geomagnetic surveys, transport of
human spying
goods, Scientific research in areas
too dangerous for pilots like a
droid hurricane tornado
hunter, Armed attack,Search and
rescue, explosives and Bomb
disposal, peacekeeping operations,
ground surveillance,
gatekeeper/checkpoint operations,
urban street presence, enhance
police and military raids in urban
settings.

Swarm
intelligence, autonomous
robotics, nanorobotics, particle
swarm optimization, multi-agent
systems, behavior-based
robotics

Unmanned aerial
vehicle,AeroVironment, AeroVi
ronment Global
Observer, AeroVironment Nano
Hummingbird, Unmanned
combat air vehicle, Unmanned
ground vehicle, Unmanned
space vehicle, Unmanned
surface vehicle, Unmanned
underwater
vehicle, Autonomous
underwater vehicle

Transport[edit]
Emerging
technology

Airless tire

Alcubierre drive

Status

Research, development,
early prototypes[125][126][127]

Attempting to create a warp

field in lab tests[128]

Potentially marginalized
technologies

Potential
applications

Related articles

Conventional tire[127]

Safer tires[127]

Tweel

Conventional space propulsion

Interstellar
exploration and

Breakthrough
Propulsion Physics

Emerging
technology

Status

Alternative fuel
vehicle

Commercialization,
diffusion

Beam-powered
propulsion

Hypothetical

Driverless car

Research, development,
prototypes[129][130][131]

Flexible wings (X53 Active

Aeroelastic
Experiments, prototypes[132]
Wing, Adaptive
[133][134][135][136]
Compliant
Wing), fluidic
flight controls

Flying car

Early commercialization,
prototypes[137][138]

Hovertrain, Ground Research, development[139]

[140]
effect train

Potentially marginalized
technologies

Internal combustion engine

Potential
applications

Related articles

colonization

Program

Reducing air
pollution,
decreasing oil
consumption

Electric
vehicle,Hydrogen
vehicle,Compressed
air vehicle

Laser propulsion

Driver's licenses, rules of the

road, traffic lights, traffic
sign,highway patrols, vehicle
insurances

Reducing traffic
collision,
increasing road
capacity,
reducing air
pollution,
reducing traffic
congestion

Other flight control

systems:ailerons, elevators, elevon
Controlling
s,
aircraft, ships

Google driverless
car,General Motors
EN-V,CityCar, MIT
Car

Aircraft flight
control system, BAE
Systems
Demon, fluidics

flaps, flaperons

Automobile, road

More effective
transportation

Terrafugia
Transition,Moller
M400 Skycar,Urban
Aeronautics XHawk

Conventional trains

Trains with
higher speed

Arotrain, Duke
Hospital
PRT,Hovercraft

Ion thruster

In use

Jet
pack or backpack
helicopter

Early commercialization,
prototypes[141][142]

Automobile

More effective
transportation

Maglev
train, Vactrain

Research, early
commercialization[143][144][145]

Conventional trains, the wheel

Trains with
higher speed

Transrapid, Shangha
i Maglev
Train, Linimo

Mass driver

Prototypes

Personal rapid

Early commercialization,

Automobile

More effective

Morgantown

Emerging
technology
transit
Physical Internet

Status

diffusion[146][147]
Research

[148]

Propellant depot

Research, development

Pulse detonation
engine

Testbed demos

Reusable launch
system

Research, development

Scramjet

Solar sail

Space elevator

Spaceplane

Potentially marginalized
technologies

Research, development[149]
[150][151]

Potential
applications

Related articles

transportation

PRT,ULTra

Conventional logistics

Heavy lift rockets

enabling deepspace missions

with more
massive
payloads,
satellite life
extension,
ultimately
lowering the cost
per kg launched
to space

Expendable launch system

Surface-to-orbit
transport

SpaceX reusable
rocket launching
system

Conventional jet engine

Hypersonic
aircraft

NASA X-43

In 2010, IKAROS was the

world's first spacecraft
designed to use solar sailing
propulsion to be successfully
launched

Space travel

Non-rocket
spacelaunch, Orbital
ring, Sky
hook, Space
fountain

Research, development[152]

Research, development[153]
[154][155]

Conventional airliners

Hypersonic
transport

A2, Skylon
Concorde, Tupolev
Tu-144

Supersonic
transport

Commercialization existed,
diffusion

Conventional airliners

Airliner with
higher speed

Nuclear Launch
Cannon

Hypothetical

Other cargo launch

Very cheap
launch for cargo

High Altitude
Platforms

Experimentation

Most satellites, cell phone towers

Communications

Orion Nuclear
Starship

Hypothetical, Experiments

Chemical rockets

Space launch

Aeroscraft

Prototype

Float to Orbit

Hypothetical

Conventional space launch

Space launch

Hyperloop

Research, development

High-speed rail

Faster way to get

somewhere

Heavy-lift, high
altitude platform

Other[edit]
Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

Anti-gravity

Hypothetical and
experiments[156][157]

Arcology

Research,
development,
Commercialization

Asteroid mining

Hypothetical,
NASA has
announced plans to
capture and redirect
an asteroid.[158]

Atmospheric
carbon dioxide
removal

Research and
development

Fossil carbon
sources

Biometrics

Diffusion

Keys and ID
documents

Bioplastic

Some products
developed

Fossil fuel plastics

Cloak of
invisibility

Successful
experiments
cloaking small
Camouflage[160]
objects under some
conditions[159][160]

Digital scent
technology

Diffusion

Domed city

NASA develops
ageodesic dome for

Potential applications

Related articles

Climate change mitigation, closing

the carbon cycle, input for carbon
neutral fuel production

Carbon dioxide
removal, Virgin Earth
Challenge

Cloaking microscope tips at optical

frequencies[160]

Metamaterial cloaking

Smell-O-Vision,iSmell

Weather-controlled

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

a moon base

Potential applications

Related articles

city, colonization of the moon

Force field

Hypothetical,
experiments[161]

Hypertelescope

Hypothetical

astronomy

Immersive virtual
reality

Hypothetical,
limited
commercialization

Consensus reality

Virtusphere, 3rd Space

An artificial environment where the
Vest,haptic suit,immersive
user feels just as immersed as they
technology,simulated
usually feel in consensus reality.
reality,holodeck(fictional)

Inflatable space
habitat

Developed,
prototypes built
and tested

Traditional
"aluminium can"
space habitat
modules

Space habitats

LED lamp

Incandescent
Commercialization lights, compact
fluorescent lights

Research,
development,
Magnetic levitation
Commercialization
(Maglev Train)

Magnetic
refrigeration

Armor

Wheels, tires,
conventional
transportation
systems

Already used for

Conventional
achieving
refrigerators
cryogenic
temperatures in the
laboratory setting

Military and law enforcement, space

Plasma window
travel

Bigelow Aerospace

High temperature
superconductivity, cryogenics, low
temperature refrigerators,
superconducting magnet design and
construction, fiber reinforced
plastics for vehicles and structural
concretes, communication and high
Vactrain, Levicar
power solid-state controls, vehicle
design (aerodynamics and noise
mitigation), precision
manufacturing, construction and
fabrication of concrete structures,
[162]
maglev car, maglev based
spacecraft launch

Refrigeration without the need for

compression and with more energy
efficient which may be in
refrigerators, air conditioners and

Emerging
technology

Status

Potentially
marginalized
technologies

(below 10K)

Magnetorheologica developed and

l fluid
researched

Potential applications

Related articles

spacecraft

Shock absorber

Magnetorheological damper heavy

motor damping, operator seat/cab
damping in construction vehicles,
seismic dampers positioned in
building absorbing detrimental
shock waves and oscillations within
the structure making them
earthquake-proof, enhance body
armor fluid bullet resistant,
Electrorheological fluid
Humvees, and various other allterrain vehicles employ dynamic
MR shock absorbers/dampers.
Magnetorheological finishing was
used in the construction of the
Hubble Space Telescope's corrective
lens, shock absorbers of a vehicle's
suspension are filled with
magnetorheological fluid.

Miniaturized
satellite

Research,
Conventional
development, some
satellites
prototypes

Inexpensive satellites, constellations

for low data rate communications,
using formations to gather data from
multiple points, in-orbit inspection
of larger satellites.

Synthetic
biology,synthetic
genomics

Research,
development, first
synthetic bacteria
created May
2010[163][164]

Chemical
industry,petroleum
industry, process
manufacturing

Creating infinitely scalable

production processes based on
programmable species of bacteria
and other life forms

BioBrick, iGEM,synthetic
genomics

Tricorder

Research and
Development

Medical
examinations

Diagnosing medical conditions

Medical tricorder

Vehicular
communication
systems

vehicle safety obstacle inform others

warnings on entering intersections,
Traffic management
Research and
Accommodating ambulances, fire
development, some Automobile safety
trucks, and police cars to a specific
diffusion
situation such as hot pursuits and
bad weather, Driver assistance
systems, Automated highways.

Artificial
Passenger,Dedicated shortrange
communications,Intelligent
transportation system

See also[edit]
Technology and applied sciences portal

General
Disruptive innovation, Industrial Ecology, List of inventors, List of
inventions, Sustainable development
NanoMolecular manufacturing, Neurotechnology
Bioscience
Human Connectome Project
Ethics
Casuistry, Computer ethics, Engineering
ethics, Nanoethics, Bioethics, Neuroethics, Roboethics
Other
Anthropogenics, Machine guidance, Radio frequency
identification, National Science Foundation, Virtual reality
Timeline
Timeline of the future in forecasts
Transport
List of proposed future transport

Further reading[edit]

IEEE International Conference on Emerging

Technologies and Factory Automation, &
Fuertes, J. M. (1999). 1999 7th IEEE
International Conference on Emerging
Technologies and Factory Automation
proceedings, ETFA'99, 1821 October 1999,
UPC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Piscataway, N.J.: Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers.

Jones-Garmil, K. (1997). The wired museum:

Emerging technology and changing

paradigms. Washington, DC: American

Association of Museums.

Giersch, H. (1982). Emerging technologies:

Consequences for economic growth,
structural change, and employment :
symposium 1981. Tbingen: Mohr.

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External links[edit]

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Technology

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