Task Design
Task Design
mechanism for structuring and sequencing interaction. Task is the terms of what learner do in
the classroom such as reading task, listening task, speaking task, and writing task.
When the teachers have considered the defining features of real communication, they should
analyze what makes some communicative tasks succeed and others fail. The task will also
have a goal and role for teacher and learners. It can be seen in analyzing communicative task
framework below
Gambar
From the frame work above, it can be said that the task is a piece of
meaning focused work involving learners in comprehending, producing, and/or
interacting in the target language, and the tasks are analyzed or categorized
according to their goals, input data, activities, setting, and roles (Nunan,
1989:11).
According to Nunan in Putra (2014:34), the tasks is the core of meaning
focused work involving learners in comprehending, producing and interacting
in the target language, and that task are analyzed or categorized according to
their goals, input data, activities, setting, and roles.
To help the difficulty of a task, Lee (2000:35-36) defines that the teacher
should consider the following demand placed on the learners:
a) Linguistic complexity are involves vocabulary, grammar, textual/genre
conventions.
b) Communicative stress are involves face-threatening topic or task, number
of people involved, relationship are those involved.
Cognitive demands are involves familiarity with the topic, memory requirements, and
processing demands
According to Cadlin (1987, in Nunan, 1989:47), a good task is the task that consists of input,
roles, setting, actions, monitoring, outcomes, and feedback. It also includes the elements of
content, materials, activities, goals, students, and social community. Referring to the
description, Nunan (1989:48) claims that there are six components of a good task. They are
goal, input, activities, teacher roles, learner roles, and setting.
a. Goal
affective,
and
cognitive
output
(Nunan,
b. Input
Input is everything used in the tasks which can be taken from
drawings,
family trees, shopping lists, magazine quizzes, and so forth
(Nunan, 1989:53).
diagram
or
any
pieces
of