Abdul Wahid Kamarullah

Self-Review Exercises II
2.1. Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) A(n) { begins the body of every method, and a(n) } ends the body of every method.
b) The if statement is used to make decisions.
c) // begins an end-of-line comment.
d) Space characters, newlines, and tabs are called white space.
e) Keyword are reserved for use by Java.
f) Java applications begin execution at method Main.
g) Methods System.out.print, System.out.println, and System.out.printf display information in a
command window.

2.2. State whether each of the following is true or false. If false, explain why.
a) Comments cause the computer to print the text after the // on the screen when the program
executes.
Answer : False, Comments cant printing on the screen when program executes and comments use to
for documentation.
b) All variables must be given a type when theyre declared.
Answer : True
c) Java considers the variables number and NuMbEr to be identical.
Answer : False, Java is sensitive case, so these variables are distinct.
d) The remainder operator (%) can be used only with integer operands.
Answer : False, The remainder operator can also be used with noninteger operands in Java.
e) The arithmetic operators *, /, %, + and - all have the same level of precedence.
Answer : False, The operators *, / and % are higher precedence than operators + and - .

2.3. Write statements to accomplish each of the following tasks:

a) Declare variables c, thisIsAVariable, q76354 and number to be of type int.
Answer :
int c;
int thisIsAVariable;
int q76354;
int number;
b) Prompt the user to enter an integer.
Answer :
System.out.print(Enter an integer: );
c) Input an integer and assign the result to int variable value. Assume Scanner variable input can be used
to read a value from the keyboard.
Answer :
value = input.nextInt();
d) Print "This is a Java program" on one line in the command window. Use method System.out.println.
Answer :
System.out.println(This is a Java Program);
e) Print "This is a Java program" on two lines in the command window. The first line should end with
Java. Use method System.out.println.
Answer :
System.out.println(This is a Java\nProgram);
f) Print "This is a Java program" on two lines in the command window. The first line should end with
Java. Use method System.out.printf and two %s format specifiers.
Answer :
System.out.printf(%s\n%s\n, This is a Java, program);

g) If the variable number is not equal to 7, display "The variable number is not equal to 7".
Answer :
If ( number != 7) {
System.out.println(The Variable Number is not equal to 7);
}
2.4. Identify and correct the errors in each of the following statements:
a) if ( c < 7 );
System.out.println( "c is less than 7" );
Answer :
Error : titik koma setelah kurung kanan.
Fix : Hapus titik koma setelah kurung kanan
b) if ( c => 7 )
System.out.println( "c is equal to or greater than 7" );
Answer :
Error : Relasional Operator => .
Fix : Relasional Operator diganti dengan >=

2.5. Write declarations, statements or comments that accomplish each of the following tasks:
a) State that a program will calculate the product of three integers.
Answer : // Calculate the product of three integers
b) Create a Scanner called input that reads values from the standard input.
Answer : Scanner input = new Scanner (System.in)
c) Declare the variables x, y, z and result to be of type int.
Answer : int x, y, z, result;
d) Prompt the user to enter the first integer.

Answer : System.out.print(Enter the first integer: );

e) Read the first integer from the user and store it in the variable x.
Answer : x = input.nextInt();
f) Prompt the user to enter the second integer.
Answer : System.out.print(Enter the second integer: );
g) Read the second integer from the user and store it in the variable y.
Answer : y = input.nextInt();
h) Prompt the user to enter the third integer.
Answer : System.out.print(Enter the third integer: );
i) Read the third integer from the user and store it in the variable z.
Answer : z = input.nextInt();
j) Compute the product of the three integers contained in variables x, y and z, and assign
the result to the variable result.
Answer : result = x * y * z;
k) Display the message "Product is" followed by the value of the variable result.
Answer : System.out.print(Product is %d\n, result );

2.6. Using the statements you wrote in Exercise 2.5, write a complete program that calculates and
prints the product of three integers.

Output:

Exercises
2.7. Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) Comments are used to document a program and improve its readability.
b) A decision can be made in a Java program with a(n) if .
c) Calculations are normally performed by Arithmetic statements.
d) The arithmetic operators with the same precedence as multiplication are + and .
e) When parentheses in an arithmetic expression are nested, the innermost set of parentheses is
evaluated first.
f) A location in the computers memory that may contain different values at various times throughout
the execution of a program is called a(n) Stack or Heap .

2.8. Write Java statements that accomplish each of the following tasks:
a) Display the message "Enter an integer: ", leaving the cursor on the same line.
Answer : System.out.print(Enter an integer: );
b) Assign the product of variables b and c to variable a.
Answer : a = b * c;
c) Use a comment to state that a program performs a sample payroll calculation.
Answer : // Program performs a sample payroll calculation

2.9. State whether each of the following is true or false. If false, explain why.
a) Java operators are evaluated from left to right.
Answer : False, Operator ini (Assigment) mempunyai dua buah operand, sebelah kiri sama dengan dan
sebelah kanan sama dengan. Operand kiri harus berupa variabel, sedangkan sebelah kanan bisa berupa
nilai literal atau variabel lain. Arah operasinya dari kanan ke kiri, artinya nilai sebelah kanan akan di copy
ke sebelah kiri.
b) The following are all valid variable names: _under_bar_, m928134, t5, j7, her_sales$,
his_$account_total, a, b$, c, z and z2.
Answer : False, Diawali dengan character, disarankan camel case, tidak menggunakan spasi

c) A valid Java arithmetic expression with no parentheses is evaluated from left to right.
Answer : True
d) The following are all invalid variable names: 3g, 87, 67h2, h22 and 2h.
Answer : False, karena h22 masih bisa dibuat sebagai local variabel.

2.10. Assuming that x = 2 and y = 3, what does each of the following statements display?
a) System.out.printf( "x = %d\n", x );
Answer : x = 2
b) System.out.printf( "Value of %d + %d is %d\n", x, x, ( x + x ) );
Answer : Value of 2 + 2 is 4
c) System.out.printf( "x =" );
Answer : x=
d) System.out.printf( "%d = %d\n", ( x + y ), ( y + x ) );
Answer: 5 = 5

2.11. Which of the following Java statements contain variables whose values are modified?
a) p = i + j + k + 7;
b) System.out.println( "variables whose values are modified" );
c) System.out.println( "a = 5" );
d) value = input.nextInt();
Answer : value = input.nextInt();

2.12. Given that y = ax3 + 7, which of the following are correct Java statements for this equation?
a) y = a * x * x * x + 7;
b) y = a * x * x * ( x + 7 );

c) y = ( a * x ) * x * ( x + 7 );
d) y = ( a * x ) * x * x + 7;
e) y = a * ( x * x * x ) + 7;
f) y = a * x * ( x * x + 7 );
Answer : y = a * x * x * x + 7;

2.13. State the order of evaluation of the operators in each of the following Java statements, and
show the value of x after each statement is performed:
a) x = 7 + 3 * 6 / 2 - 1;
Answer :
x=7+(3*6)/21;
x = 7 + ( 18 / 2 ) 1;
x=(7+9)1;
x = 16 1;
x = 15;
b) x = 2 % 2 + 2 * 2 - 2 / 2;
Answer :
x = 2 % 2 + ( 2 * 2 ) 2 / 2;
x = 2 % 2 + 4 ( 2 / 2 );
x = ( 2 % 2 ) + 4 1;
x = ( 0 + 4 ) 1;
x = 4 1;
x = 3;

c) x = ( 3 * 9 * ( 3 + ( 9 * 3 / ( 3 ) ) ) );
Answer :
x = ( 3 * 9 * ( 3 + ( 27 / ( 3 ) ) ) );
x = ( 3 * 9 * ( 3 + ( 9 ) ) );
x = ( 27 * ( 3 + ( 9 ) ) );
x = ( 27 * ( 12 ) );
x = ( 324 );
2.14. Write an application that displays the numbers 1 to 4 on the same line, with each pair of
adjacent numbers separated by one space. Use the following techniques:
a) Use one System.out.println statement.
Answer :
System.out.println(1 \n 2 \n 3 \n 4 );
b) Use four System.out.print statements.
Answer :
System.out.print(1 \n);
System.out.print(2 \n);
System.out.print(3 \n);
System.out.print(4 );
c) Use one System.out.printf statement.
Answer :
System.out.printf(%d\n %d\n %d\n %d , 1, 2, 3, 4);

2.15. (Arithmetic) Write an application that asks the user to enter two integers, obtains them
from the user and prints their sum, product, difference and quotient (division). Use the techniques
shown in Fig. 2.7.

Answer :

Output :

2. 16. (Comparing Integers) Write an application that asks the user to enter two integers, obtains
them from the user and displays the larger number followed by the words "is larger". If the numbers
are equal, print the message "These numbers are equal". Use the techniques shown in Fig. 2.15.
Answer :

Output :

2. 17. (Arithmetic, Smallest and Largest) Write an application that inputs three integers from the
user and displays the sum, average, product, smallest and largest of the numbers. Use the techniques
shown in Fig. 2.15. [Note: The calculation of the average in this exercise should result in an integer
representation of the average. So, if the sum of the values is 7, the average should be 2, not
2.3333.+

Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Comparison {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
int x, y, z, result, sum, averrage;
System.out.print("Enter the first integer: ");
x = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the second integer: ");
y = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the third integer: ");
z = masuk.nextInt();
sum = x + y + z;
averrage = sum / 3;

System.out.printf("Sum is %d\n", sum);

System.out.printf("Averrage is %d\n", averrage);
// largest of the number
if (x > y && x > z)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", x);
if (y > x && y > z)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", y);
if (z > x && z > y)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", z);
// small of the number
if (x < y && x < z)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", x);
if (y < x && y < z)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", y);
if (z < x && z < y)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", z);
// equal
if (x == y)
System.out.printf(" %d == %d \n", x, y);
if (x != y)
System.out.printf(" %d != %d \n", x, y);

if (x < y)
System.out.printf(" %d < %d \n", x, y);
if (x > y)
System.out.printf(" %d > %d \n", x, y);
if (x <= y)
System.out.printf(" %d <= %d \n", x, y);
if (x >= y)
System.out.printf(" %d >= %d \n", x, y);
}
}

Output :
Enter the first integer: 100
Enter the second integer: 250
Enter the third integer: 35
Sum is 385
Averrage is 128
largest of the numbers is 250
small of the numbers is 35
100 != 250
100 < 250
100 <= 250

2. 18. (Displaying Shapes with Asterisks) Write an application that displays a box, an oval, an arrow
and a diamond using asterisks (*), as follows:

Answer :

2.19. What does the following code print?

System.out.println( "*\n**\n***\n****\n*****" );
Answer :
*
**
***
****
*****

2.20. What does the following code print?

System.out.println( "*" );
System.out.println( "***" );
System.out.println( "*****" );
System.out.println( "****" );
System.out.println( "**" );
Answer :
*
***
*****
****
**

2.21. What does the following code print?

System.out.print( "*" );
System.out.print( "***" );
System.out.print( "*****" );
System.out.print( "****" );
System.out.println( "**" );
Answer :
***************

2.22. What does the following code print?

System.out.print( "*" );
System.out.println( "***" );
System.out.println( "*****" );
System.out.print( "****" );
System.out.println( "**" );
Answer :
****
*****
******

2.23. What does the following code print?

System.out.printf( "%s\n%s\n%s\n", "*", "***", "*****" );
Answer :
*
***
*****

2.24. (Largest and Smallest Integers) Write an application that reads five integers and determines
and prints the largest and smallest integers in the group. Use only the programming techniques you

learned in this chapter.

Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Comparison {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
int a, b, x, y, z, result, sum, averrage;
System.out.print("Enter the first integer: ");
x = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the second integer: ");
y = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the third integer: ");
z = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the fourth integer: ");
a = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the five integer: ");
b = masuk.nextInt();
// largest of the number
if (x > y && x > z && x > a && x > b)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", x);
if (y > x && y > z && y > a && y > b)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", y);
if (z > x && z > y && z > a && z > b)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", z);
if (a > x && a > y && a > z && a > b)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", a);
if (b > x && b > y && b > z && b > a)
System.out.printf(" largest of the numbers is %d\n", b);
// small of the number
if (x < y && x < z && x < a && x < b)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", x);
if (y < x && y < z && y < a && y < b)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", y);
if (z < x && z < y && z < a && z < b)

System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", z);

if (a < x && a < y && a < z && a < b)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", a);
if (b < x && b < y && b < z && b < a)
System.out.printf(" small of the numbers is %d\n", b);
}
}

Output
Enter the first integer: 120
Enter the second integer: 200
Enter the third integer: 550
Enter the fourth integer: 650
Enter the five integer: 75
largest of the numbers is 650
small of the numbers is 75

2.25. (Odd or Even) Write an application that reads an integer and determines and prints whether
its odd or even. *Hint: Use the remainder operator. An even number is a multiple of 2. Any multiple
of 2 leaves a remainder of 0 when divided by 2.]
Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class OddEven {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a = 0;
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the integer: ");
a = masuk.nextInt();
if (a % 2 == 0)
System.out.printf(" %d is Genap ", a);
else
System.out.printf(" %d is Ganjil ", a);
}
}

Output :

Enter the integer: 5

5 is Ganjil

2.26. (Multiples) Write an application that reads two integers, determines whether the first is a
multiple of the second and prints the result. [Hint: Use the remainder operator.]
Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class LagiAja {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int one;
int two;
int result;
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Input first integer : ");
one = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Input second integer : ");
two = masuk.nextInt();
result = one % two;
System.out.printf("%d ", result);
}
}
Output:
Input first integer : 5
Input second integer : 7
5

2.27. (Checkerboard Pattern of Asterisks) Write an application that displays a checkerboard pattern,
as follows:

Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
/**
*
* @author iZel
*
*/
public class Grafik {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(
System.out.println(

"* * * * * * * *
" * * * * * * * *
"* * * * * * * *
" * * * * * * * *
"* * * * * * * *
" * * * * * * * *
"* * * * * * * *
" * * * * * * * *

"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"

);
);
);
);
);
);
);
);

}
}

2.28. (Diameter, Circumference and Area of a Circle) Heres a peek ahead. In this chapter, you
learned about integers and the type int. Java can also represent floating-point numbers that contain
decimal points, such as 3.14159. Write an application that inputs from the user the radius of a circle
as an integer and prints the circles diameter, circumference and area using the floating-point value
3.14159 for . Use the techniques shown in Fig. 2.7. *Note: You may also use the predefined constant
Math.PI for the value of . This constant is more precise than the value 3.14159. Class Math
is defined in package java.lang. Classes in that package are imported automatically, so you do not

need to import class Math to use it.] Use the following formulas (r is the radius):
diameter = 2r
circumference = 2r
area = r2
Do not store the results of each calculation in a variable. Rather, specify each calculation as the
value that will be output in a System.out.printf statement. The values produced by the circumference
and area calculations are floating-point numbers. Such values can be output with the format
specifier %f in a System.out.printf statement. Youll learn more about floating-point
numbers in Chapter 3.
Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DiameterLingkaran {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int r, dia;
double cr, area;
double phi = 3.14285;

Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Masukkan nilai r : ");
r = masuk.nextInt();
dia = 2 * r;
cr = 2 * phi * r;
area = phi * (r * r);
int cr2 = (int)cr;
int area2 = (int)area;
System.out.printf("Diameter Lingkaran : %d \n", dia);
System.out.printf("Lingkaran : %d \n", cr2);
System.out.printf("daerah : %d \n", area2);
}
}

2.29. (Integer Value of a Character) Heres another peek ahead. In this chapter, you learned about
integers and the type int. Java can also represent uppercase letters, lowercase letters and a considerable
variety of special symbols. Every character has a corresponding integer representation. The set
of characters a computer uses together with the corresponding integer representations for those
characters is called that computers character set. You can indicate a character value in a program
simply by enclosing that character in single quotes, as in 'A'.
You can determine a characters integer equivalent by preceding that character with (int), as in
(int) 'A' An operator of this form is called a cast operator. (Youll learn about cast operators in Chapter
4.)
The following statement outputs a character and its integer equivalent:
System.out.printf("The character %c has the value %d\n", 'A', ( (int) 'A' ) );
When the preceding statement executes, it displays the character A and the value 65 (from the Unicode
character set) as part of the string. The format specifier %c is a placeholder for a character (in
this case, the character 'A').
Using statements similar to the one shown earlier in this exercise, write an application that displays
the integer equivalents of some uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits and special symbols.
Display the integer equivalents of the following: A B C a b c 0 1 2 $ * + / and the blank character.

Answer :

2.30. (Separating the Digits in an Integer) Write an application that inputs one number consisting
of five digits from the user, separates the number into its individual digits and prints the digits
separated from one another by three spaces each. For example, if the user types in the number 42339,
the program should print

Assume that the user enters the correct number of digits. What happens when you execute the
program and type a number with more than five digits? What happens when you execute the program
and type a number with fewer than five digits? *Hint: Its possible to do this exercise with the

techniques you learned in this chapter. Youll need to use both division and remainder operations
to pick off each digit.+
Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CobaAja {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a;
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("input 5 digit the integer : ");
a = masuk.nextInt();
int Five = a/10000;
int Remainder4 = a%10000;
int Four = Remainder4/1000;
int Remainder3 = Remainder4 % 1000;
int Three = Remainder3/100;
int Remainder2 = Remainder3 % 100;
int Two = Remainder2/10;
int Remainder1 = Remainder2 % 10;
int One = Remainder1/10;
int Remainder0 = Remainder1 / 1;
int Zero = Remainder0;
System.out.printf("%d

%d

}
}

Output :
input 5 digit the integer : 42339
4
2
3
3
9

%d

%d

%d

",Five, Four, Three, Two, Zero);

2.31. (Table of Squares and Cubes) Using only the programming techniques you learned in this
chapter, write an application that calculates the squares and cubes of the numbers from 0 to 10 and
prints the resulting values in table format, as shown below. [Note: This program does not require
any input from the user.]

Answer :
package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class SquareCube {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
int num, squ, cub;
num = 0;
squ = num * num;
cub = num * num * num;
System.out.println("\n number square cube\n");
System.out.printf(" %d
%d
%d\n", num, squ, cub);
int num1 = 1;
int squ1 = num1 * num1;
int cub1 = num1 * num1 * num1;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

int num2 = 2;
int squ2 = num2 * num2;
int cub2 = num2 * num2 * num2;

%d\n", num1, squ1, cub1);

System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num2, squ2, cub2);

int num3 = 3;
int squ3 = num3 * num3;
int cub3 = num3 * num3 * num3;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num3, squ3, cub3);

int num4 = 4;
int squ4 = num4 * num4;
int cub4 = num4 * num4 * num4;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num4, squ4, cub4);

int num5 = 5;
int squ5 = num5 * num5;
int cub5 = num5 * num5 * num5;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num5, squ5, cub5);

int num6 = 6;
int squ6 = num6 * num6;
int cub6 = num6 * num6 * num6;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num6, squ6, cub6);

int num7 = 7;
int squ7 = num7 * num7;
int cub7 = num7 * num7 * num7;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num7, squ7, cub7);

int num8 = 8;
int squ8 = num8 * num8;
int cub8 = num8 * num8 * num8;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num8, squ8, cub8);

int num9 = 9;
int squ9 = num9 * num9;
int cub9 = num9 * num9 * num9;
System.out.printf(" %d

%d

int num10 = 10;

int squ10 = num10 * num10;
int cub10 = num10 * num10 * num10;

%d\n", num9, squ9, cub9);

System.out.printf(" %d

%d

%d\n", num10, squ10, cub10);

}
}

2.32. (Negative, Positive and Zero Values) Write a program that inputs five numbers and determines
and prints the number of negative numbers input, the number of positive numbers input and
the number of zeros input.
Answer :

package com.treemas.ExercisesDua;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
*
* @author iZel
*
*/
public class LagiAja {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int one, two, tree, four, five;
int positive = 0, negative = 0, zero = 0;
Scanner masuk = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Input first integer : ");
one = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Input second integer : ");
two = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Input thrid integer : ");
tree = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Input fourth integer : ");
four = masuk.nextInt();
System.out.print("Input five integer : ");
five = masuk.nextInt();
// positif
if ( one > 0 )
positive = positive + 1;
if ( two > 0 )
positive = positive + 1;
if ( tree > 0 )
positive = positive + 1;

if ( four > 0 )
positive = positive + 1;
if ( five > 0 )
positive = positive + 1;
System.out.printf("\n Positif number is %d \n ",
positive);
// negative
if ( one < 0 )
negative
if ( two < 0 )
negative
if ( tree < 0 )
negative
if ( four < 0 )
negative
if ( five < 0 )
negative

= negative + 1;
= negative + 1;
= negative + 1;
= negative + 1;
= negative + 1;

System.out.printf("Negative number is %d \n ", negative);

// zero
if ( one == 0 )
zero = zero
if ( two == 0 )
zero = zero
if ( tree == 0 )
zero = zero
if ( four == 0 )
zero = zero
if ( five == 0 )
zero = zero

+ 1;
+ 1;
+ 1;
+ 1;
+ 1;

System.out.printf("Zero number is %d \n ", zero);

}
}