Steel Specifications
Uploaded by
gaurav tiwariSteel Specifications
Uploaded by
gaurav tiwariSteel Specifications
H.I Quality Steel Castings can supply steel to a full range of specifications.
We are pleased to offer expert advice on steel chemistry and achievable
mechanical properties taking account of service environment, weldability
and casting geometry and section size. Close analytical control of steel
chemistry is followed by heat treatment with facilities for solution
treatment, annealing, normalising and hardening and tempering.
The range of steels catered for is as follows:
Plain carbon and carbon manganese steels for general engineering purposes,
variants for low temperature applications and steels requiring good weldability.
Typical Specifications: BS3100, A1:A2:A3:A4:A5:A6, ASTM A27, A216WCB, WCC,
A148 70-40 and 80-50, ASTM A352 LCA, LCB, LCC, DIN/EN GS52, GS20 Mn5,
GS24Mn6V
Typical
Si
Mn
0.25
0.35
1.5
0.02
0.025
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
Residual
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Normalised or quenched and tempered.
Comments: Higher carbon contents will give
more strength but lower toughness. Lower
carbon quenced and tempered versions will give
good combination of strength and toughness.
Typical
300
520
27
Strengths and low temperature toughness in
Q&T steels can be improved with alloying
Weldability: C <0.25% for good
weldability, Higher C contents weldable additions. Low carbon NiMo grades for offshore
applications offer good weldability and Charpys
with care and good control of preheat
at -40C
and PWHT.
Yield
MPa
UTS
MPa
Charpy
impacts
J@20C
Wear Resistant and surface hardening grades
Typical Specifications: BS3100 AW2, AW3 (1Cr BW2 to 4)
C
Si
Mn
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
Typical
0.5
0.45
0.02
0.03
BW10
0.45
12.5
0.05
0.05
Comments: Steels suitable to surface hardening through heat treatment. Similar 1%
chromium bearing steels are also available giving higher hardness and better depth of
hardness for low shock high wear applications. Low carbon AW1, AW2 type steels are
available for surface hardening by carburising. Manganese work hardening steels (BW10)
are employed in conditions of severe wear combined with impact.
Chromium Molbdenum and Chromium Molybdenum Vanadium steels for use at
high temperatures.
Typical Specifications: BS3100 B1 to B7, ASTM A217 WC1:WC6:WC9:C5:C12.
DIN/EN GS17CrMo5-5, GS17CrMo9-10
Typical
Si
0.17
0.35
Mn
0.75 0.02
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
0.025
2.25
0.40
1.00
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Normalised and tempered or oil quenched and
tempered.
Yield UTS
MPa MPa
Typical
275
450
Charpy
impacts
J@20C
25
Weldability: Weld with matching
consumable under strict parameter
control.
Comments: 1CrMo and 1/2 CrMo steels are
alloyed with vanadium to promote stable
precipitates giving good creep resistance at higher
temperatures (450C to 550C). For higher
temperatures higher Cr (3 Cr 5Cr, 9Cr) variants are
preferred or more complex Nb, W, Cu, Co bearing
grades.
Higher Strength Steels
Typical Specifications: BS3100 BT1:BT2:BT3, ASTM A148 Gr90-60:115-95
EN:GS25CrMo4
Typical
Si
0.28
0.35
Mn
0.75 0.02
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
0.025
0.50
0.25
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Normalised, quenched and tempered.
Typical
Yield
MPa
UTS
MPa
Charpy
impacts
J@20C
580
850
25
Comments: Good general purpose higher
strength steels. Specifications for these steels
have an "open analysis" and consideration has to
be given to the engineering application when
determining correct chemistry.
Weldability: Weld only with strict
control of preheat parameters and
PWHT.
Nickel Chromium Molybdenum steels with good combination of strength and
toughness. Higher hardenability materials for larger castings. Materials suitable for
pressure containing parts and Marine applications.
Typical Specifications: BS3100 BT2, ASTM A487Gr4 and 10 DIN/EN GS25NiCrMo85-4. DNV R4
Typical
Si
Mn
0.15/0.25
0.35
0.85 0.01
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
0.020
1/1.5
2.50/3.75
0.35
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Normalised or quenched and tempered.
Typical
Yield
MPa
UTS
MPa
550
860
Charpy Comments: Higher alloy contents improve
impacts both hardness and hardenability. These steels
J@-20C develop high strength and have excellent
toughness at low temperatures
50
Weldability: Good with careful parameter
control
13 Chromium and Chromium Nickel Molybdenum steels for use in mildly corrosive
environments.
Typical Specifications: BS3100 410C21, 420C29, 425C11, ASTM A743: CA15,
CA6NM, DIN/EN:GX4CrNi13-4
Typical
Si
Mn
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
0.04
0.35
0.6
0.02
0.025
13
4.00
0.35
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Normalised and tempered or oil quenched and
tempered.
Yield UTS
MPa MPa
Typical
550
755
Charpy
impacts
J@0C
35J
Comments: Ferritic mildly corrosive resistant steel
with wide ranging applications. The 0.15%C,
13%CR, 1%Mo version has lower strength,
toughness and poorer weldability.
Weldability: Good
Stainless steels for use in corrosive environments.
Typical Specifications: Type 304 and 316 and Duplex steels. ASTM A743 CF8/CF8M,
ASTM A890 grades
C
Si
Mn
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
Typical
0.06
0.75
1.7
0.04
0.040
18
8.00
0.35
Typical
0.06
0.75
1.7
0.04
0.040
19
9.00
2.50
Typical
0.03
0.75
0.7
0.04
0.040
25
5.00
2.00
Cu, N
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: Solution treat and quenched. Particulars
depend on composition
Charpy Comments: A wide range of alloy compositions
impacts exist to suit particular service environments and
J@20C engineering requirements. Duplex steels offer a
combination of corrosion resistance and higher
Typical
205
485
strength levels. Predominantly austenitic steels are
required for severe service environments.
Weldability: Generally good when
microstructures contain small
amounts of ferrite.
Yield UTS
MPa MPa
Chromium Nickel and Nickel Chromium steels for high temperature service.
Typical Specifications: BS3100 302C35 to 330C12, ASTM A297 HF:HK:HP types.
C
Si
Mn
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other
Typical
0.3
1.5
1.5
0.04
0.04
20
10
Typical
0.35
1.5
1.5
0.04
0.040
26
20.00
Typical
0.4
0.03
0.030
25
35.00
Nb
Mechanical properties / Heat treatment: As cast or as agreed on case by case basis.
Yield UTS Stress rupture
MPa MPa and limiting
creep stress
220 450 criteria apply
Comments: Alloy choice is influenced by
operating conditions particularly service
temperature and thermal cycling. All these alloys
Typical
have documented long time stress to rupture and
limiting creep stress data, over operational
Weldability: Difficult to weld. Careful temperature ranges.
choice of consumable and specific
welding controls are called for.
