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A Glance at the important articles of Constitution of

India for UPSC Exam 2016
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The Constitution of India is regarded as the supreme law of India. It is an existing document
and an instrument that makes the government system work. It draws a structure that denes

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and an instrument that makes the government system work. It draws a structure that denes
fundamental political principles, forms the framework, procedures, powers, and duties of
government institutions and lays out fundamental rights, directive principles and duties of
citizens.

The Constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the
world. Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.

The Constitution was adopted by theConstituent Assemblyon 26 November 1949, and came
into effect on 26 January 1950.The date of 26 January was chosen to commemorate
thePurna Swaraj declaration of independenceof 1930.

If we look at the previous years UPSC question papers, we can come across at least one
question related to constitution of India.

Hence, knowing the importance of Constitution of India in the IAS exam perspective is
essential, so let us take a look at the must know articles of our Indian Constitution.

Now lets take a look at the individual important articles of India Constitution and what it
stands for:

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Article 1 Name and territory of the union.

Article 2 Admission and establishment of the new state.
Article 3 Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and name of
existing states.

Article 5 Citizenship at the commencement of the constitution.

Article 6 Rights of citizenship of certain person who have migrated to India from
Pakistan.
Article 10 Continuance of rights of citizenship.
Article 11 Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Article 12 Denition of the state.

Article 13 Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.

Let us take a look at some important fundamental rights.

Initially, constitution of India provided 7 basic fundamental rights, now there are only 6. The
Right to property U/A 31 was removed from the list of fundamental rights by 44th amendment
act 1978.

A legal right U/A 300A was made and included in Part XII of the constitution.

Article 14 Equality before the law.

Article 15 Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex. Or
place of birth.
Article 16 Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
Article 17 Abolition of the untouchability.

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Article 17 Abolition of the untouchability.

Article 18 Abolition of titles

Article 19 Guarantees to all the citizens the six rights and they are:

Article 20 Protection in respect of conviction for offences.

Article 21 Protection of life and personal liberty.
Article 22 Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

Article 23 Prohibition of trafc in human beings and forced labor.

Article 24 Prohibition of employment of children in factories and mines. Under age of
14.

Article 25 Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of

religion.
Article 26 Freedom to manage religious affairs.
Article 27 Freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
Article 28 Freedom from attending religious instruction.

Article 29 Protection of interest of minorities.

Article 30 Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
Article32 Remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

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Article 36 Denition
Article 37 Application of DPSP (Directive Principal of States Policy)
Article 39A Equal justice and free legal aid
Article 40 Organization of village panchayat
Article 41 Right to work , to education, and to public assistance in certain cases
Article 43 Living Wages, etc. for Workers.
Article 43A Participation of workers in management of industries.
Article 44 Uniform civil code. ( applicable in Goa only)
Article 45 Provision for free and compulsory education for children.
Article 46 Promotion of educational and economic interest of scheduled castes (SC),
scheduled tribes (ST), and OBC.
Article 47 Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
improve public health.
Article 48 Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry.
Article 49 Protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance.
Article 50 Separation of judiciary from executive.
Article 51 Promotion of international peace and security.

Initially it had 10 duties, now it contains 11 duties by 86thamendments act 2002.

Article 52 The President ofIndia

Article 53 Executive Power of the union
Article 54 Election of President
Article 61 Procedure for Impeachment of the President
Article 63 The Vicepresident of India
Article 64 The VicePresident to be exofcio chairman the council of States
Article 66 Election of Vicepresident
Article 72 Pardoningpowers of President
Article 74 Council of minister to aid and advice President
Article 76 AttorneyGeneral for India
Article 79 Constitution of Parliament
Article 80 Composition of Rajya Sabha
Article 81 Composition of Lok Sabha
Article 83 Duration of Houses of Parliament

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Article 83 Duration of Houses of Parliament

Article 93 The speakers and Deputy speakers of the house of the people
Article 105 Powers, Privileges, etc. of the House of Parliament
Article 109 Special procedure in respects of money bills
Article 110 Denition of Money Bills
Article 112 Annual Financial Budget
Article 114 Appropriation Bills
Article 123 Powers of the President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of
parliament
Article 124 Establishment of Supreme Court
Article 125 Salaries of Judges
Article 126 Appointment of acting Chief justice
Article 127 Appointment of adhoc judges
Article 128 Attendanceof retired judge at sitting of the Supreme Court
Article 129 Supreme Court to be court of Record
Article 130 Seat of the Supreme Court
Article 136 Special leaves for appeal to the Supreme Court
Article 137 Review ofjudgmentor orders by the Supreme Court
Article 141 Decision of the Supreme Court binding on all the courts
Article 148 Comptroller and Auditor General of India
Article 149 Duties and Powers of CAG

Article 153 Governors of State

Article 154 Executive Powers of Governor
Article 161 Pardoning powers of the Governor
Article 165 AdvocateGeneral of the State
Article 213 Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances
Article 214 High Courts for states
Article 215 High Courts to be court of record
Article 226 Power of High Courts to issue certain writs
Article 233 Appointmentof District judges
Article 235 Control over Subordinate Courts

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Article 243A Gram Sabha

Article 243B Constitution of Panchayats

Article 266 Consolidated Fund and Public Accounts Fund

Article 267 Contingency Fund of India
Article 280 Finance Commission
Article 300 A Right to property

Article 301 Freedom to trade, commerce, and intercourse

Article 302 Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade,commerce, and
intercourse.

Article 312 All IndiaService

Article 315 Public service commissions for the union and for the states
Article 320 Functions of Public Service Commission
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Article 323A Administrative Tribunals

Article 324 Superintendence, direction and control of Elections to be vested in an

Election Commission
Article 325 No person to be ineligible for inclusion in or to claim to be included in a
special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste, or sex
Article 326 Elections to the house of the people and to the legislative assemblies of
states to be on the basis of adult suffrage

Article 338 National Commission for the SC & ST

Article 340 Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward
classes

Article 343 Ofcial languages of the Union

Article 345 Ofcial languages or languages of a state
Article 348 Languages to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts
Article 351 Directive for development of theHindilanguages

Article 352 Proclamation of emergency (National Emergency)

Article 356 State Emergency (Presidents Rule)
Article 360 Financial Emergency

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Article 361 Protection of President and Governors

Article 368 Powers of Parliaments to amend the constitution

Article 370 Special provision of J&K

Article 371 A Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland
Article 371 J Special Status for HyderabadKarnataka region

Article 393 Short title This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India

The constitution of India is created by a constituent assembly and adopted by its people with
a declaration in thepreambleto the constitution; hence it divulges constitutional supremacy
and notparliamentary supremacy and Parliamentcannotoverride the constitution.
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