FOUNDATION -
TYPE-1
DATA :BASIC DATA
S =
UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL
C =
UNIT WEIGHT OF CONCRETE
S.B.C OF SOIL
=
FRICTION FACTOR BET. CONCRETE AND SOIL =
fc' =
fy =
FACTOR OF SAFETY
18
24
200
0.4
27.6
415
1.5
kN/m3
kN/m3
kN/m
N/mm
N/mm
BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL
GOVERNING LOAD CASE
( with wind =1, without wind =2)
BEARING CAPACITY IS INCREASED BY
ALLOWABLE NET B.C OF SOIL
UN-FACTORED SUPPORT REACTIONS
VERTICAL (Down) ON FOOTING
HORIZONTAL FORCE IN x DIR . ON TOP
HORIZONTAL FORCE IN z DIR .ON TOP
MOMENT ABOUT x AXIS ON FOOTING
MOMENT ABOUT z AXIS ON FOOTING
HORIZONTAL FORCE ON FOOTING
2
0%
200 kN/m
REFER PAGE 8 OF 13 IN STAAD OUT PUT
P'
Hx
Hz
M'x
M'z
HxF
=
=
=
=
=
=
637.000
17.411
15.000
15.443
12.000
0.000
kN
kN
kN
kN-m
kN-m
kN
ASSUMING
PEDESTAL SIZE l x b :
l =
b =
0.40 m
0.60 m
FOOTING SIZE
L =
B =
2.50 m
2.50 m
L x B:
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION
THICKNESS OF FOOTING t :
DEPTH OF SOIL
(Top of Foundation to top of Soil)
H =
t =
T =
1.500 m (From TOC)
0.50 m
1.00 m
HEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
PROJECTION OF FOOTING
PROJECTION OF FOOTING
H1 =
l' =
b' =
0.250 m
1.05 m
0.95 m
2500
1050
400
1050
950
l
b
600
2500
950
X
X
Z
PEDESTAL
1500
500
1050
400
L = 2500
1050
CALCULATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL
SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
SELF WEIGHT OF FOOTING
SELF WEIGHT OF SOIL
W FP. = (l x b x H1 x C)
W FF.
W FS.
= 0.40 X 0.60 X 0.25 X 24
=
1.44 kN
= (L x B x t x C)
= 2.50 X 2.50 X 0.50 X 24
=
75.00 kN
= ((L x B) - (l x b)) x (T) x s)
=
108.18 kN
W F = W FP + W FF +W FS
TOTAL
Weight of foun., ped. & soil
Weight of stru. & above
LOAD AT THE BASE OF THE FOOTING :
=
=
184.62 kN
821.62 kN
P = W Fp+W FF + P'
= 1.440 + 75.000+637.000
=
713.44 kN
P =
713.44 kN
MOMENT ABOUT x AXIS AT THE BASE OF FOOTING:
Mx = Hz X D + M'x
= 15.000 X 1.500+15.443
=
37.943 kN-m
Mx =
37.943 kN-m
MOMENT ABOUT z AXIS AT THE BASE OF FOOTING:
Mz = Hx X D + M'z
= 17.411 X 1.500 + 12.000
=
38.117 kN-m
Mz =
38.117 kN-m
ECCENTRICITY IN X AXIS ex :
ex = Mz/P
= 38.117 / 821.620
=
0.046 m
ECCENTRICITY IN Z AXIS ez :
ez = Mx/P
= 37.943 / 821.620
=
0.046 m
ECCENTRICITY RATIO :
ex / L = 0.0460 / 2.50
=
0.02
ez / B = 0.0460 / 2.50
=
0.018
REFER
TO CHART No.6.14(d)OF 'FOUNDATION DESIGN' by W.C.TENG.
VALUE OF THE CONSTANT
K = 1.23
qmax = (( K * P) / (L * B)) - (P / (L * B))
= ((1.23 X 821.620) / (2.50X2.50)) - (108.18/ ( 2.50 * 2.50))
=
144.00 kN/m
CHECK FOR NET BEARING PRESSURE
IS qmax < BC ?
CHECK
144.00kN/m < 200.00kN/m
RESULT
SAFE
CHECK FOR CONTACT AREA
Contact width along X - Direction
Contact width
% Of Contact
CHECK
=
=
=
=
=
=
IS % of Contact > 60% ?
RESULT
SAFE
Contact width along Z - Direction
Contact length
% Of Contact
CHECK
RESULT
3(L/2-ex)
3(2.500/2-0.046)
3.612 m
Contact width/Footing width
(3.612/2.500)*100
100%
=
=
=
=
=
3(B/2-ez)
3(2.500/2-0.046)
3.612 m
Contact width/Footing length
(3.612/2.500)*100
100%
IS % Contact > 60% ?
SAFE
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FOOTING
REINFORCEMENT FOR FOOTING:
CONSIDER A SECTION AT THE FACE OF THE PEDESTAL
Critical span for design
=
MAX. BENDING MOMENT
1.05 m
M = qmax X l'/2
= 144.00 x 1.050/2
=
79.38 kN-m/m
ASSUME DIA. OF BAR FOR FOOTING
EFF.DEPTH OF FOOTING
d = t-0.075-/(1000*2)
=
0.417 m
=
417 mm
16 mm
CONSIDER 1m WIDTH OF FOOTING
FACTORED BENDING MOMENT
b =
1000 mm
Mu = 79.38 x 1.500
119.070 kN-m
Rn = MU/(xb x d)
= 0.761
N/mm
= 110.3140273 psi
FOR GIVEN GRADE OF CONCRETE AND STEEL
Rn lim = MU lim./(xb x d)
MU lim. = (0.234 x fc' x b x d)
= 1123044718
Rn lim = 7.176
N/mm
CHECK
IS Rn lim. > Rn
RESULT
no compression rebar is required
Pt = 0.85fc'/fy(1-SQRT(1-(2*Rn/0.85*fc')))
Pt = 0.0012685
AREA OF STEEL
SPACING
SPACING OF16 mm DIA BARS @
So, PROVIDE 16 mm DIA BARS @
fc' =
fy =
As =
4000 psi
60000 psi
528.954 mm
Sv = (1000 X /4)/As
=
380 mm
375 C/C
150 C/C
CHECK FOR MINI. % OF STEEL
AREA OF STEEL PROVIDED
% OF STEEL PROVIDED
MINI. % OF STEEL REQUIRED
IS ptP > ptmini.
CHECK
RESULT
Asp = (1000 X /4)/Sv
= 1340.586667 mm
ptP = 100As/bd
0.32 %
ptmini. =
0.18 %
SAFE
CHECK FOR BEAM SHEAR:
CONSIDER A SECTION AT A DISTANCE OF EFF.DEPTH FROM THE FACE
OF THE PEDESTAL.
CHECK
IS d < PROJECTION OF FOOTING ?
0.4170 < 1.050
BEAM SHEAR CHEKING IS REQUIRED
SHEAR FORCE @ d FROM FACE OF THE PEDESTAL
Critical span for design
=
1.05 m
Critical width for design
=
2.5 m
V = (l' -d )x q max. x B
= (1.050 - 0.417) X144.000X2.50
=
227.88 kN
FACTORED SHEAR FORCE
SHEAR RESISTING AREA
SHEAR STRESS
Vu = 227.88 x 1.500
=
341.82 kN
A = Bxd
= 2.50 X 0.417
=
1.043 m
v = Vu/A
= 341.820/1.0425
=
327.885 kN/m
=
0.328 N/mm
Vc = *2*SQRT(FC')
= 107.5174404 psi
=
0.753 N/mm
CHECK
RESULT
IS v < vc ?
0.328 < 0.753
SAFE
CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR :
AT .5 d FROM FACE OF PEDESTAL
CONSIDER A SECTION AT A DISTANCE OF 0.5d FROM THE FACE OF PEDESTAL
CHECK
IS 0.5d > PROJECTION OF FOOTING ?
0.5 d = 0.5 X 0.417
= 0.209
0.209 < 1.050
HENCE PUNCHING SHEAR CHECKING IS RERQIRED
SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
LOAD FROM SUPER STRUCTURE
SHEAR FORCE
=
V =
1.44 kN
637.00 kN
638.44 kN
FACTORED SHEAR FORCE
Vu = V x F.S
= 638.44 x 1.500
=
957.66 kN
SHEAR RESISTING AREA
A = Uo x d
Uo = 2 x ((0.40 + 0.209 x 2 )
+ (0.60 x 0.209 x 2))
=
3.668 m
A = 3.67 X 0.417
=
1.53 m
SHEAR STRESS
v = Vu/A
= 957.660/1.5300
=
625.922 kN/m
=
0.6259 N/mm
Vc = *4*SQRT(fc')
= 252.9822128 psi
= 1.770622507 N/mm
CHECK
IS v < vc ?
RESULT
0.626 < 1.771
SAFE
CHECK FOR SLIDING :
TOTAL VERTICAL LOAD
HORIZONTAL LOAD
CO.EFF OF FRICTION
F.S.AGAINST SLIDING
CHECK
IS F.S.>1.5?
P =
821.62 kN
W =
17.41 kN
f = 0.4
= (f x P)/W
= (0.40X821.6200)/17.41
= 18.876
18.876 > 1.5
RESULT
SAFE
CHECK FOR OVERTURNING :
TOTAL VERTICAL LOAD
HORIZONTAL LOAD
TOTAL RESISTING MOMENT
TOTAL OVERTURNING MOMENT
F.S.AGAINST OVERTURNING
CHECK
RESULT
IS F.S.>1.5?
P =
W =
MR =
MO =
f =
=
821.62 kN
17.41 kN
P x (L/2) =
(Hx) x H +M
MR/MO
24.712
24.712 > 1.5
SAFE
1027.03 kN.m
41.56 kN.m
DESIGN OF PIPE SUPPORT PEDESTAL
DATA
LENGTH OF PEDESTAL
l =
0.40 m
BREADTH OF PEDESTAL
b =
0.60 m
HEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
h =
0.25 m
DIA OF BAR USED
SELF WEIGHT OF PEDESTAL
LOAD FROM ANALYSIS
=
W FP =
=
TOTAL DOWNWARD LOAD
25 mm
1.44 kN
637.00 kN
638.44 kN
N =
638.44 kN
Horiz. force in X (from analysis)
Hx =
17.41 kN
Horiz. force in Z (from analysis)
Hz =
15.00 kN
MOMENT Mx (from analysis)
M'x =
15.44 kN.m
MOMENT DUE TO Hz @ BASE
= 15.00 X 0.25
Mx' =
3.75 kN.m
= 15.44+3.75
MX =
19.19 kN.m
TOTAL MOMENT MX @ BASE
MOMENT Mz (from analysis)
M'z =
MOMENT DUE TO Hx @ BASE
= 17.41 X 0.25
Mz' =
4.35 kN.m
= 12.00 + 4.35
Mz =
16.35 kN.m
TOTAL MOMENT MZ @ BASE
12.00 kN.m
FINAL FORCES:
AXIAL LOAD
638.44 kN
TOTAL MOMENT Mtx @ BASE
19.19 kNm
TOTAL MOMENT Mtz @ BASE
16.35 kNm
Biaxial bending can be converted in to Uniaxial bending
l =
H =
0.40 m
b =
0.60 m
H' =
l' =
0.313
b' =
0.513
Mtx / b' =
37.44976
Mtz / l' =
52.3288
m
m
kN
kN
for Mtx / b' > Mtz / H' ; M = Mtx + b* (b' /H' )* Mtz
for Mtx / b' < Mtz / H' ; M = Mtz +b* (H' /b' )* Mtx
N / ( b * H * fc' ) =
0.096
b 0.888
M = 26.73983 kNm
SLENDERNESS RATIO:
Un-supported length of pedestal
Effective length of pedestal
lu
0.25 m
K =
2.00
le =
K lu
=
Least lateral dimension of pedestal
0.50 m
h =
Radius of gyration
0.4 m
r = 0.3*least lateral size
=
CHECK
0.12 m
Slenderness ratio =
le / r
4.17
IF Slenderness ratio > 22
RESULT
SHORT pedestal
Additional moment due to slenderness
Ma
= Nh/1750((le/h)2(1-0.0035le/h))
=
0
kNm
FINAL DESIGN FORCES:
AXIAL LOAD
TOTAL MOMENT M @ BASE
=
=
638.44 kN
26.74 kNm
