Function Blocks
Function Block
Library
The Function Block Library of SYSTEM302 was designed to be
powerful and flexible allowing implementing the majority of process
control strategies. Some function blocks were already tested and
approved in the Interoperability Test (AI, PID and AO), and Fieldbus
Foundation will be able to test other function blocks in the future.
Smar has developed some function blocks to the best fit with our
customer requirements, as the Advanced PID, Density, OSDL (Output
Signal Selector and Dynamic Limiter) and others. However any of
these function blocks may be configured by any Foundation Fieldbus
configurator due to the Device Description (DD) technology, as well
they may be linked to any other function block.
A Function Block is a logical
Function Blocks
grouping of related functionality.
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Instantiation and
Deletion of
Function Blocks
This feature provides huge flexibility to implement the control strategy, because the user can
define which function blocks will be instantiated in each field device at the strategy configuration
time.
It means na optimization of field device resources usage, therefore memory and processing time
are allocated according to the real need.
All field devices (LD302, TT302, IF302, TP302, DT302, FY302, FP302 e FI302) and FB700 has capability
up to 20 blocks selectable from a Function Block Library with 17 different algorithms, at least. The
function block library of the DFI302 includes all the algorithms developed for the field devices as
well Step Output PID, Pulse Input, SR Flip-flop, Edge Trigger and others.
Devices are easily connected in
parallel to the Fieldbus network.
All devices on the H1 Fieldbus communicate with each other peer-to-peer using a publisher/
subscriber relationship for high efficiency and synchronization. A Fieldbus network may be
almost 2 km in length and repeaters may be used for even longer distances. The Fieldbus
provides power for the 2 wire devices, and acts as media for the digital communication. In a
typical system a total of 12 to 16 devices powered by the bus, relating to 6 - 8 control loops, are
multidropped on the Fieldbus network.
The Function Block language is ideal for process control strategy building.
Cascade control, ratio control, feed-forward, cross-limit and other control strategies are easily
configured by linking the function blocks in the various devices in the system.
More than two dozen standard function blocks are available to perform regulatory control
functions.
Feed
Water
Flow
Basic
Cascade
Ratio
Drum
Level
Steam
Flow
Three element
Boiler/feed-water flow
Split Range
Control
Combustion Control with
Double Cross Limit
Input
BLOCK
SCHEMA
TIC
AT
DESCRIPTION
ANALOG INPUT - This block takes the input data from the transducer
AI
block and makes it available to other function blocks. It has scaling
conversion, filtering, square root and low cut.
DISCRETE INPUT - The DI block takes the manufacturer's discrete
DI
input data, selected by channel number, and makes it available to other
function blocks at its output.
PULSE INPUT - It provides an analog value that represents a
PUL
Function Blocks
totalization of pulses in a physical discrete input.
MUL
TIPLE ANAL
OG INPUT - It provides a way to receive 8 analog
MULTIPLE
ANALOG
MAI
variables from the LC700 or physical inputs.
MUL
TIPLE DISCRETE INPUT - It provides a way to receive 8 discrete
MULTIPLE
MDI
variables from the LC700 or physical inputs.
FUNCTION BLOCKS
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Control
BLOCK
PID
SCHEMATIC
DESCRIPTION
PID CONTROL - This standard block has a lot of valuables features as
setpoint treatment (value and rate limiting), filtering and alarm on PV,
feedforward, output tracking and others.
EPID
ENHANCED PID - It has all the standard features plus : bumpless or hard
transfer from a "manual" mode to an "automatic" mode and bias.
APID
AD
VANCED PID - It has all the standard features plus: bumpless or hard
ADV
transfer from a "manual" mode to an "automatic" mode, bias. Adaptive gain,
PI sampling, deadband for error, special treatment for error, ISA or parallel
algorithm,..
SPLT
SPLITTER - This block is used in two typical applications: split ranging and
sequencing. It receives the output of PID block, that is processed according
to the selected algorithm, then it generates the values for the two analog
output blocks.
SPG
SETPOINT R
AMP GENER
ATOR - This block generates setpoint following a
RAMP
GENERA
profile in function of the time. Typical applications are temperature control,
batch reactors, etc.
OSDL
OUTPUT SELECT
OR / D
YNAMIC LIMITER - It has two algorithms:
SELECTOR
DYNAMIC
Output selector - selection of output by a discrete input
Dynamic limiter - this algorithm was developed specially for double cross
limit in combustion control.
STEP
STEP OUTPUT PID - It is used when the final control element has an
actuator driven by an electric motor.
Calculate
BLOCK
SCHEMATIC
DESCRIPTION
ARITHMETIC - This calculation block provides some pre-defined
ARTH
equations ready for use in applications as flow compensation, HTG, ratio
control and others.
SIGNAL CHARACTERIZER - It has capability for two signal
CHAR
characterization based on the same curve. The second input has an option
for swapping "x" to "y", providing an easy way to use the inverse function,
that may be used in signal characterization of readback variables.
INTEGR
ATOR - It integrates a variable in function of the time. There is a
INTEGRA
INTG
second flow input that may be used for the following applications: net
flow totalization, volume/mass variation in vessels and precise flow ratio
Function Blocks
control.
ANALOG ALARM - This alarm block has dynamic or static alarm limits,
AALM
hysteresis, temporary expansion of alarm limits on step setpoint
changes to avoid nuisance alarms, two levels of alarm limits and delay
for alarm detection.
INPUT SELECTOR - This block has four analog inputs that may be
ISEL
selected by an input parameter or according to a criterion as first good,
maximum, minimum, middle and average.
TIMER - This block has four discrete inputs, that are processed by a
TIME
combination logic. The selected timer processing type operates on the
combined input signal to produce a measurement, delay, extension,
pulse or debounce.
LEAD-LAG - This block provides dynamic compensation of a variable. It
LLAG
is used normally in a feedforward control.
FUNCTION BLOCKS
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DENS
DENSITY - This block has a special algorithm to calculate the density in
different types of engineering units: plato degree, INPM and others.
CONST
ANT - It provides analog and discrete output parameters with
ONSTANT
CT
constant values.
FLIP-FLOP AND EDGE TRIGGER - It can be configured to work as SR flip-
FFET
flop, RS flip-flop, D-LATCH and EDGE TRIGGER (rising, falling or bi-directional)
Output
BLOCK
AO
SCHEMATIC
DESCRIPTION
ANALOG OUTPUT - The AO block provides a value to an output
transducer block. It provides value and rate limiting, scaling conversion, fault
state mechanism and other features.
DO
DISCRETE OUTPUT - The DO block converts the value in SP_D to
something useful for the hardware found at the CHANNEL selection.
MAO
MUL
TIPLE ANAL
OG OUTPUT - It provides a way to send 8 analog
MULTIPLE
ANALOG
variables to the LC700 or physical outputs.
MDO
MUL
TIPLE DISCRETE OUTPUT - It provides a way to send 8 discrete
MULTIPLE
variables to the LC700 or physical outputs.
T r ansduc
er/
ansducer/
Resource
BLOCK
RS
RESOURCE - This block contains data that is specific to the hardware that is
associated with the resource.
TRD
TRANSDUCER BLOCK - This block converts the primary variables of the physical I/
O devices into the proper engineering value requested by the function blocks.
DIAG
DIAGNOSTICS TRANSDUCER - It provides online measurement of block
execution time, check of links between blocks and other features.
DSP
DISPLAY TRANSDUCER - This block configures what process variables of the
function blocks will be displayed in the device LCD panel.
HC
HARDWARE CONFIGURATION TRANSDUCER - It configures the module type for
each slot in the DFI302.
TEMPERATURE DF-45 TRANSDUCER - This is the transducer block for the
TEMP
Task distr
ibution
distribution
module DF-45, an eight low signal input module for RTD, TC, mV, Ohm.
Smar engineers have developed a system of very powerful field devices, based on the Fieldbus
Foundation technology, capable of taking the place of the DCS. SYSTEM302 is a Fieldbus Control
System where time-critical functions are performed primarily in the field devices. Time-critical
Function Blocks
functions may also be executed in traditional multifunction controllers resulting in an incredibly
flexible solution suitable for large and small systems. Other functions, that the control system is
required to perform, are executed in the operator workstation thereby providing a complete
solution. SYSTEM302 performs the same task as conventional DCS systems, and more.
Field
Controllers
Wor
ksta
tion
orksta
kstation
Measurement
Control
Display
Actuation
Logic
Operation
Control
Sequence
Process Flow Mimic
Computation
Computation
Trend
Selection
Selection
Alarm
Alarm
Alarm
Reports
Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Supervisory
Batch
Recipe
Events
SQC
Database management
Instrument management
Optimization
ERP -
Enterprise
Resource
Planning
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