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IIT Roorkee Mathematics-I Tutorial Solutions

The document contains a mathematics tutorial with 21 problems involving calculus concepts like partial derivatives, chain rule, and Taylor series approximations. Some key problems include proving identities for partial derivatives, applying the chain rule to composite functions, finding directional derivatives, and obtaining Taylor series approximations to estimate errors in linearizations. Polar coordinate transformations and relationships between independent and dependent variables are also explored.

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Gaurav Verma
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182 views2 pages

IIT Roorkee Mathematics-I Tutorial Solutions

The document contains a mathematics tutorial with 21 problems involving calculus concepts like partial derivatives, chain rule, and Taylor series approximations. Some key problems include proving identities for partial derivatives, applying the chain rule to composite functions, finding directional derivatives, and obtaining Taylor series approximations to estimate errors in linearizations. Polar coordinate transformations and relationships between independent and dependent variables are also explored.

Uploaded by

Gaurav Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

MA-001 MATHEMATICS-I (2014-15)


Tutorial Sheet- 4
1. If x = r cos , y = r sin , prove that
2r
2r
1 h r 2  r 2 i
(a) 2 + 2 =
+
x
y
r x
y
 r 2  r 2
(c)
+
= 1.
x
y
2. If V = At1/2 ex

2 /4a2 t

, prove that

(b)

2 r 2 r  2 r 2

=
x2 y 2
xy

V
2V
= a2 2 .
t
x

3. If w = e2x+3y cos 4z , x = ln t, y = ln(t2 + 1), z = t, find


4. If u = f (y z, z x, x y) , prove that
5. If

dw
using the chain rule.
dt

u u u
+
+
= 0.
x y
z

y2
z2
x2
+
+
= 1, prove that (ux )2 +(uy )2 +(uz )2 = 2(xux +yuy +zuz ).
a2 + u b2 + u c2 + u

6. Transform the equation

2u 2u
+ 2 = 0 into polar co-ordinates.
x2
y

pq
, p = x + y + z, q = x y + z and r = x + y z, find u/x, u/y
qr
and u/z.

7. If u =

8. Show that the following functions satisfy Laplace equation (that is, f satisfy fxx +
fyy +fzz = 0):
(a)f (x, y, z) = (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )1/2
(b)f (x, y, z) = e3x+4y cos 5z.
9. If w = f (u, v) satisfy the Laplace equation fuu + fvv = 0 and if u = (x2 y 2 )/2 and
v = xy, show that w satisfies the Laplace equation wxx + wyy = 0.
10. If v = v(r), where r2 = (x1 )2 + (x2 )2 + ..... + (xn )2 , show that
n
X
2v
2v n 1
=
+
vr .
xi 2
r2
r
i=1

11. The roots of the equation ( x)3 + ( y)3 + ( z)3 = 0 in are u, v, w. Prove
that
(u, v, w)
(y z)(z x)(x y)
= 2
.
(x, y, z)
(v w)(w u)(u v)
12. If u = x + y + z, v = x2 + y 2 + z 2 and w = xy + yz + zx, show that u, v, w are not
independent and find the relation between them.
13. If x = r sin cos ,

y = r sin sin ,

z = r cos , show that

(x, y, z)
= r2 sin .
(r, , )

14. If u = x(1 r2 )1/2 ,v = y(1 r2 )1/2 ,w = z(1 r2 )1/2 , where r2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2 ,


show that J(u, v, w) = (1 r2 )5/2 .
15. Find the directional derivative of the function f (x, y) = 2xy 3y 2 at point P0 (5, 5)
in the direction of v = 4i + 3j.
16. Find equations for the tangent plane and the normal line to the level surface x2 +
y 2 + z = 9 at the point P0 (1, 2, 4).
17. The surface f (x, y, z) = x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 9, g(x, y, z) = x + y + z = 5 intersect in a
curve C. Find the line tangent to C at the point P0 = (1, 2, 2).
18. Obtain the Taylors series for f (x, y) = 4x2 + xy + 6y 2 + x 20y + 21 about (1, 2)
up to highest possible degree term.
19. For the following functions f (x, y) find the linearization L(x, y) at P0 and find an
upper bound for the magnitude |E| of the error in the approximation f (x, y)
L(x, y) over the rectangle R:
(a) f (x, y) = x2 3xy + 5 at P0 = (2, 1) and R : |x 2| 0.1, |y 1| 0.1
(b) f (x, y) = 1 + y + x cos y at P0 = (0, 0) and R : |x| 0.2, |y| 0.2
20. Using Taylors formula, find the quadratic and cubic approximations for the function
f (x, y) = xey at the origin.
21. Use Taylors formula to find a quadratic approximation of f (x, y) = cos x cos y at
the origin. Estimate the error in the approximation if |x| 0.1 and |y| 0.1.

Answers:
 4t2 + 1


2
tan
4t
t(t2 + 1)
2
u 1 u
1 2u
6. 2 +
+ 2 2 =0
r
r r
r
7. 0; 2(p r)/(q r)2 ; 2(p r)/(q r)2
12. u2 = v + 2w
15. 4
16. 2x + 4y + z = 14 ; x = 2t + 1, y = 4t + 2, z = t + 4, t R
17. y z = 0
18. f (x, y) = 6 5(x + 1) + 3(y 2) + 4(x + 1)2 + (x + 1)(y 2) + 6(y 2)2
19. (a) x 6y + 7, 0.06
(b) 1 + x + y, 0.0106
20. x + xy; x + xy + xy 2 /2
21. 1 x2 /2 y 2 /2, E(x, y) 0.00134
3. 2w

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