VIKING EMEA
GASEOUS SYSTEMS
Peter Eisenberger
Viking S.A.
Agenda
About Viking EMEA
The Viking sales organisation
Gaseous systems basic
Gaseous systems design background
Gaseous systems applications
Case study 13,8kV substation
Viking
Page 2
Minimax-Viking History
Original Tyden
Dry Valve
Minimax Bad Urach
Facility opened
Viking
Deluge
Valve
Minimax is
born
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
Viking
Corporation is
born
Tyden Seal Hastings, MI
Viking
Minimax is #1 Fire
extinguisher
manfacturer worldwide
Viking
Contracting
Page 3
1950
Minimax-Viking History
Bad Oldesloe
Test Centre
Opened
Preussag
acquires
Minimax
Model M
Introduced
Automated
Assembly
R&D
Expansion
Viking
Plastics
Minimax
& Viking
Merge (2009)
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Minimax
expands to US
and acquires
CFP
Viking International
offices opened in
Asia/Europe
Viking
International sales
begin
Viking
SupplyNet
Viking
Viking Fabrication
Services
Minimax Enters
Private Equity
Ownership
Page 4
In research we are ahead
Fire research centre
Practical prove of theoretical research results
Cooperation with testing authorities
Solutions to specific client issues
Development of new Minimax solutions
Fire tests with a scale 1:1
Mobile suspended ceiling from 2 up to 15 meter
Auditorium with 140 seats
Viking
Page 5
The Minimax Viking group at a glance
6,600 employees worldwide
Turnover > 1 billion EUR
More than 60 fire protection companies
Worldwide presence
Broad product and services offering
Own research centres
Viking
Own production plants
Page 6
Where does Viking EMEA fit into the organization?
A world wide group leader in fire protection market
Minimax RED Group
Contracting Service from
design to maintenance
Viking BLUE Group
Distribution of
Products & Systems
VIKING EMEA
Authorized Distributor
End User, EPC contractors
Viking
Page 7
Viking EMEA
More than 43.000 components for various application
Sprinkler systems
Foam systems
Clean agents
Detection
Viking EMEA Europe, Middle East, Afrika
16 Sales offices
8 Logistic centers
More than 150 employees
Logistics & Sales
Sales office
Viking
Page 8
Viking EMEA Locations
Branch office with local contact persons for sales and order management
Branch office with additional technical support and training facility
Filling/refilling locations with stock
Viking
Page 9
Gaseous systems basics
Arguments for the application of Gaseous extinguishant
When you need: full homogenous 3-dimensional effect, non residual, no electric
conductivity direct or indirect, penetration into cabinets or installations.
When you have: Shielded objects, hardly accessible areas, deep seated or concealed
fires, high ceilings, sensitive equipment where water would cause same damage like fire.
Typical applications: All kind of electric risks like IT areas, Switchgear , Communication,
Control rooms, Cable tunnels, Data Center, Archives, electric cabinets and many more
No other agent can give you this characteristics !
Viking
Page 10
Gaseous systems basics
Extinguishing effects
Fire Triangle
Reducing oxygen below 13,6Vol% for 20min
Reducing available energy for combustion process
IG-01
FK-5-1-12= Novec 1230
IG-100
HFC-227ea= FM200, Solkaflam227 etc.
IG-55
IG-541
CO2
Combustible material
state of aggregation in cylinder
Gaseous: IG-01, IG-100, IG-55, IG-541
Liquidous: FK-5-1-12, HFC-227ea, CO2
Viking
Page 11
Gaseous systems basics
Safety
Agent
Novec 1230
HFC-125
HFC-227ea
Inert Gas
CO2
Use Conc.
NOAEL*
Safety Margin
4.5 - 6%
10%
67 - 150%
8.7-12.1%
7.5%
---
7 - 9%
9%
0 - 25%
34,2 - 61%
43%
0 - 13%
34 - 75%
<5%
lethal > 10%
* No Observable Adverse Effect Level
Viking
3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.
Page 12
Gaseous systems basics
Safety
Remaining oxygen concentration after release
Room of 1000m flooded with Novec 1230 / HFC-227ea / Inertgas , Design NFPA 2001 Class C
hazard @20C, cylinders 10m away from the hazard.
We consider 10% of agent will be lost through openings and, flaps, vents.
Agent
Total Gas
Oxygen level Remaining
Quantity Cylinder Working Cylinde Design
amount
before
Oxygen after
in kg
size
pressure r no
in vol%
flooded in m flooding
flooding
Similar to
altitude of
Novec 1230
653,1
140l
50
4,50%
52,79
20,90%
19,91
400m
HFC-227ea
572,0
140l
50
7,30%
80,72
20,90%
19,38
600m
IG-541
688,5
80l
300
21
38,5%
504,0
20,90%
11,42
4800m
IG-01
864,7
80l
300
22
40,7%
528,0
20,90%
10,97
5180m
IG-55
784,7
80l
300
25
42,7%
600,0
20,90%
9,61
6100m
IG-100
599,0
80l
300
25
40,3%
600,0
20,90%
9,61
6100m
Viking
3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.
Page 13
Gaseous systems basics
Sustainability
Properties
Novec 1230
HFC-125
HFC-227ea
HFC-23
Atmospheric
Lifetime (years)
0.014
29
33
260
Ozone Depletion
Potential
Global Warming
Potential
(100 yr ITH)
3220
3500
14800
Viking
3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.
Page 14
Gaseous systems basics
Sustainability
GWP= Global Warming Potential
The GWP is shown off as CO2 equivalents, 1 kg of FM200 contributes so much to the global warming like
3220 kg of CO2 !
The height of the GWP Value depends on the
atmospheric lifetime, FM-200 stays for about 40 years in
the atmosphere HFC-23 for over 260 years !
The most common used HFKW for extinguishing
purpose are:
FM-200/FE-227ea/HFC-227ea = GWP 3220
FE-13/Trigon/HFC-23 = GWP 14800
FE-25/Ecaro25/HFC-125=GWP 3500
This means by mass, in case of release a CO2 equivalent
emission of approx. 2,2 tons / m with HFC-227ea
and approx. 7,7 tons with HFC-23, per m.
Viking
Page 15
Gaseous systems basics
Sustainability
HFC-227ea aka FM 200
FK-5-1-12 aka Novec 1230
Heptafluoropropane C3HF7
CF3CF2C(O)CF(CF3)2
Personal Safety
Personal Safety
Toxicological safe
Toxicological safe
NOAEL=9% VOL
NOAL=10 % by vol.
LOAEL=10.5% VOL
LOAL=10 % by vol.
Extinguishing
Extinguishing
Heat absorption in the fire
Heat absorption in the fire
Design concentration= 6,9- 9 % by vol.
Design concentration= 4,5-5,9 % by vol.
0,54 0,72 kg/m
0,66 0,83 kg/m
Application
Application
Fire class: A + B
Fire class: A + B
Environmental aspect
Environmental aspects
ODP Value= 0
ODP Value= 0
No degradation of Ozone
No degradation of Ozone
Ca. 40 years of atmospheric lifetime
Max. 5 days of atmospheric lifetime
GWP Value= 3220 (EU VO 842/2006)
free of chlore and brome HFCs
Viking
H = hydrogen
F = fluorine
C = carbon
O = Oxygen
Fast natural degradation
Free of all kinds of HFCs
Page 16
Gaseous systems basics
Sustainability
Characteristics of 3MTM NovecTM1230 - It is future-proof
Due to the reason, that Novec 1230 is no HFC it is the only environmental friendly alternative to HFCs and is
not regulated by any Kyoto Protocol Regulations.
The long term sustainability of Novec 1230 is shown through the 3M Blue Sky Warranty:
If 3M Novec 1230 Fire Protection Fluid is banned from or restricted in use as a fire protection agent due to ODP,
or GWP, 3M will refund the purchase price of the Novec 1230 fluid.
Warranty good for 20 years.
Viking
Page 17
Gaseous systems basics
Space to protect 1000m acc. NFPA Class C
Inertgas
80l / 200bar
Inertgas
80l / 300bar
Inertgas
140l / 300bar
Novec 1230,
FM200
50bar
Viking
Page 18
Gaseous systems basics
Speed
% smoke
Smoke produced
Evacuation
Extinguishing
Flooding
Inertgases & CO2
Inertgases & CO2
60sec flooding
120sec flooding
5,0
Fluorinated Agents
2,0
0,5
0
Viking
10
20
30
40
170 Seconds
110
Page 19
Gaseous systems design background
NFPA 2001 versus ISO 14520
Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz
Viking
Page 20
Gaseous systems design background
Adressed agents in NFPA and ISO
ISO14520Part#
NOAEL
LOAEL
Surface
Class A
Class B
CF3I
0,2
0,4
min.4,6
4,6
9,3
FK-5-1-12
10
>10
5,3
5,9
5,6
ISO 14520 Name
NOAEL
LOAEL
Class A
Design
Class B
Design
Class C
fuels (6)
GWP
acc IPCC
2007
ODP
Trade names
FIC-13I1
0,2
0,4
(5)
(5)
(5)
Triodide
FK-5-1-12
10
>10
4,5
5,9
4,5
Novec 1230
(5)
(5)
1550
0,048
NAF S-III
11,3
3250
Ecaro 25
3220
FM 200
Higher NFPA 2001-2012
Class A adressed
HCFC Blend A
10
>10
7,8
13,0
12,4
HCFC Blend A
10
>10
(5)
HFC-125
7,5
10
11,2
12,1
11,5
HFC-125
7,5
10
8,7
HFC-227ea
10,5
7,9
9,0
8,5
HFC-227ea
10,5
HFC-23
10
30
>30
16,3
16,4
16,3
HFC-23
30
>30
15,1
19,5
17
14800
FE-13
HFC-236a
11
10
15
8,8
9,8
9,3
HFC-236fa
10
15
(5)
(5)
(5)
9810
FE-36
(4)
-7
9,0
7,0
(7)
- 7,9
IG01
12
43
52
41,9
51,0
48,4
IG-01
43
52
40,2
52,3
40,8
Argon(5)
IG55
14
43
52
40,3
47,5
45,1
IG-55
43(4)
52(4)
37,9
39,1
42,7
Argonite(5)
IG541
15
43
52
39,9
41,2
39,9
IG-541
43(4)
52(4)
34,2
40,6
38,5
Inergen(5)
IG100
13
43
52
40,3
43,7
41,5
IG-100
43(4)
52(4)
36,0
39
40,5
Nitrogen(5)
7,5
(5)
(5)
(5)
1540
Halotron I
HFC Blend B
FC-2-1-8(1)
30
>30
n.a
9,5
9,1
n.a.
FC-3-1-10(1)
40
>40
6,5
7,7
7,4
n.a.
(1)
HCFC-124
2,5
n.a
8,7
8,3
HCFC-124
ISO 6183
0,5
62
35
47
NFPA 12
(4)
6,7
(7)
CEA-308
CEA-410
1
2,5
(5)
(5)
50
35
(5)
609
0,022
FE-24
Further Systems
CO2(2)
Permanent
13,114,6VdS 3527 43
52
14,9
14,0
15,6
Inerting(3)
(1)
Withdrawn in ISO
(2)
Selected Designs for Paper, Electrical Computer, and N Heptane
acc.ISO 6183, and Dry elctrical / Hexane acc. NFPA 12
(3)
Selected Designs for Paper&Karton, IT, N-Heptan
Viking
CO2
Permatec,
Oxyreduct
(4)
Based on 12% Oxygen for NOAEL and 10% for LOAEL
According UL2166 and UL2127 testing for the system, refer to design manual of the producer
(6)
Design according new NFPA 2001, release date 14.10.2011
(7)
For companies having 5,2Vol% for Class A MEC
(5)
Page 21
Gaseous systems design
Gaseous Extinguishing Agents most common used
Inert gases pure
Inert gases blended
IG-01
IG-100
100%
Argon
100%
Nitrogen
IG-55
50%
Argon
50%
Nitrogen
IG-541
40%
Argon
8%
CO2
Synthetic Extinguishing Agents
FK-5-1-12 = NovecTM 1230
Viking
HFC-227ea = FM 200
C
C
Page 22
52%
Nitrogen
Gaseous systems design background
Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.4* The minimum design concentration for a
Class A surface-fire hazard shall be determined by the greater of
the following:
(1) The extinguishing concentration, as determined in 5.4.2.2,
times a safety factor of 1.2
(2) Equal to the minimum extinguishing concentration for heptane
as determined from 5.4.2.1
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.2* The flame extinguishing concentration for
Class A fuels shall be determined
by test as part of a listing program. As a minimum, the listing
program shall conform to UL 2127 or
UL 2166 or equivalent. The Class A fuels test on plastic sheets was
accomplished with Class A MEC for both agents.
ISO14520: 7.5.1.3 The extinguishing concentration for Class A
surface fires shall be the greater of the values determined
by the wood crib and polymeric sheet fire tests described in
Annex C. The minimum design concentration for
Class A fires shall be the extinguishing concentration increased by
a safety factor of 1,3. For non-cellulosic
Class A fuels, higher design concentrations may be required..
HFC227ea:
Class A MEC: 6,1Vol% x1,3=7,9Vol%
FK-5-1-12:
Class A MEC: 4,1Vol% x1,3=5,3Vol%
HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol%
Our Class A MEC: 5,4Vol% x1,2= 6,48Vol%
6,9 > 6,48Vol% so we use 7Vol% for class A surface-fire / Class A
fuels
FK-5-1-12:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol%
Our Class A MEC: 3,3Vol% x1,2=4,0Vol%
4,5 > 4,0 Vol% so we use 4,5% for class A surface / Class A fuels
Viking
Page 23
Gaseous systems design background
Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.3 The minimum design concentration for a Class
B fuel hazard shall be
the extinguishing concentration, as determined in 5.4.2.1, times a
safety factor of 1.3.
HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol% x 1,3 = 8,97Vol% = 9Vol%
Novec 1230:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol% x 1,3 = 5,9Vol%
ISO14520: 7.5.1.2 The minimum Class B design concentration for
each extinguishant shall be a demonstrated
extinguishing concentration for each Class B fuel plus a safety
factor of 1,3. The extinguishing concentration
used shall be that demonstrated by the cup burner test, carried
out in accordance with the method set out in
Annex B, that has been verified with the heptane pan tests
detailed in C.5.2. For hazards involving multiple
fuels, the value for the fuel requiring the greatest design
concentration shall be used. The extinguishing
concentration shall be taken as the cup burner value or the
heptane pan test value (see Annex C), whichever is greater.
HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol% x 1,3 = 9Vol%
Novec 1230:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol% x 1,3 = 5,9Vol%
Viking
Page 24
Gaseous systems design background
Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.5 The minimum design concentration for a Class
C hazard shall be the extinguishing concentration, as determined
in 5.4.2.2, times a safety factor of 1.35.
HFC227ea:
Class A MEC: 5,4 x 1,35 = 7,3 Vol%
Novec 1230:
Class A MEC 3,3 x 1,35 = 4,5Vol%
5.4.2.5.1 The minimum design concentration for spaces
containing energized electrical hazards supplied at greater than
480 volts that remain powered during and after discharge shall be
determined by testing, as necessary, and a hazard analysis.
Attention for certain electric risks !
For the reason using higher design concentrations please refer to
NFPA 2001 -2012 A.5.4.2.2 (Fire extinguishment tests for
(noncellulosic) Class A Surface Fires.)
Where any of the following conditions exists, higher extinguishing
concentrations might be required:
(1) Cable bundles greater than 4 in. (100 mm) in diameter
(2) Cable trays with a fill density greater than 20 percent of the
tray cross section
(3) Horizontal or vertical stacks of cable trays less than 10 in. (250
mm) apart
(4) Equipment energized during the extinguishment period where
the collective power consumption exceeds 5 kW.
Viking
ISO14520 7.5.1.3: CAUTION It is recognized that the wood crib
and .polymeric sheet Class A fire tests may not adequately
indicate extinguishing concentrations suitable for the protection
of certain plastic fuel hazards (e.g. electrical and electronic type
hazards involving grouped power or data cables such as
computer and control room under-floor voids, telecommunication
facilities, etc.). An extinguishing concentration not less than that
determined in accordance with 7.5.1.3, or not less than of that
determined from the heptane fire test described in C.6.2,
whichever is the greater, should be used under certain conditions.
These conditions may include:
1) cable bundles greater than in diameter;
2) cable trays with a fill density greater than of the tray crosssection;
3) horizontal or vertical stacks of cable trays (closer than );
4) equipment energized during the extinguishment period where
the collective power consumption exceeds 5kW.
If polymeric sheet fire test data are not available, an extinguishing
concentration of that determined from the heptane fire test shall
be used.
HFC227ea:
Class B MEC: 6,1 x 1,3 = 9 Vol% * 0,95 = 8,5Vol%
Novec 1230:
Class B MEC: 4,5 x 1,3 = 5,9 Vol% * 0,95 = 5,6Vol%
Page 25
Gaseous systems design background
Discharge time
NFPA 2001-2012
ISO14520
Required Minimum Design Concentration will give us a qty of 1000kg
95% in 10sec = 950kg = 95kg/s
Flooding time of 1000kg can be 1000kg / 95kg = 10,5sec !
Viking
Page 26
Gaseous systems design background
Cylinder location
Centralized room will meet all requirements listed in
NFPA & ISO
Close as possible to all areas
Do not place them in working areas
Think about to ease the service effort
The distance to the rooms will influence the no of
cylinders depending on the working pressure
Viking
Page 27
Gaseous systems design background
Structural needs
Rooms protected by clean agents should be
sealed against their environment, to avoid
combustible gases from outside.
This tightness ensures the 10min soak period.
A tight room gives us a higher A/C efficiency
If the room is sealed, its integrity could be
damaged during flooding without pressure
venting.
When using clean agents, damaging can be
avoided by controlled air and pressure flaps.
Viking
Page 28
Gaseous systems design background
Structural needs
Room Integrity in NFPA 2001
ISO14520
Room Integrity Is a very important topic but attention is often low
But how shall we know if equivalent leakage area is sufficient
And shouldnt we have a sealed room for safety and A/C efficiency
Cross sections for pressure venting should be provided by the hydraulic calculation
Viking
Page 29
Gaseous systems design background
Structural needs
Agent discharge
N2 discharge
Viking
Page 30
Gaseous systems design background
Structural needs
Review Room Integrity in NFPA 2001
and ISO14520
Best solution to ensure room integrity and
define pressure venting is a door fan test. See
NFPA 2001 2012 Section C
Please investigate weakest part of the hazard
Rule of thumb:
Glass Window 100Pa
Normal door 300Pa
Gipsum wall 500Pa
Fire proof door double lock 500Pa
Viking
Page 31
Gaseous systems design background
Approval of Installation
NFPA 2001
Viking
ISO14520
Page 32
Gaseous systems design background
Inspection requirements
NFPA 2001
ISO14520
The complete system should be checked annual by the
installer or an authorized distributor. This test should
include the control panel.
The agent quty should be checked semi annual by
wheight and pressure
Hoses should be pressure tested all 5 years
Refer to NFPA or ISO for complete guideline
Viking
Page 33
Gaseous systems design background
Inspection requirements
Viking
Page 34
Gaseous systems design background
Local application
NFPA 2001
Consider local application where
hazard can be hardly inhibited by
the gas
System shall have fixed pipe and
nozzles to distribute the agent into
the hazard
Viking
Page 35
Gaseous systems design background
Local application
OneU Active
incl. smoke aspirating system
incl. 2 alarm tresholds
incl. emergency power supply (4
hours)
incl. suppression system with 3 kg
NovecTM 1230
Viking
Page 36
Gaseous systems design background
Local application
Viking
Page 37
Gaseous systems design background
Local application
All in One system
Detection & Extinguishing
Extinguishing only
Nozzle in front
Detection only
Viking
Page 38
Gaseous systems design background
Local application
Cabinet protection System the solution for small enclosures
Cylinder filled with 4,27kg or 1,6kg
Novec 1230
for Volumes 1,4-6,6m
Valve with electric or manual release
Comes as complete set with control
panel, detectors, sounder and all
accessories.
Viking
Page 39
Gaseous systems design background
VSN1230 - total flooding
OneU - IT Rack protection
CPS1230 - Cabinet protection
utilizing
Novec 1230
Inertgas - OXEO
IG-01, IG-100
IG-55, IG-541
CO2
High & Low
pressure
VSN200 - total flooding
utilizing FM 200
Viking
Page 40
Gaseous systems applications
Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz
Viking
Page 41
Gaseous systems application
System principle
Limit switch
Check Valve
Pilot hose
Bleed valve
Extinguishant hose
Electric release unit
Pneumatic release unit
Valve
Extinguishant filling
according to hydraulic
calculation
Nitrogen
Dip tube
Viking
Page 42
Gaseous systems application
System principle
Spring
Viking
To protect the value of your system
for long term, Valves should close at
one bar to prevent moisture and
corrosion inside the cylinder
We recommend refill only at
authorized fill station of the
manufacturer
This will ensure proper handling
and replacements of necessary
parts according to manufacturers
guideline
Ask for fill protocoll
Page 43
Gaseous systems application
Available working pressures
Available working pressures for HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12 with FM/UL
25 bar 360psi, most common pressure,
FK-5-1-12: Ansul, Chemetron, Janus, Kidde, Macron, Minimax, Sevo,
Siemens, Tyco, Viking
HFC-227ea: Ansul, Chemetron, Fike, Firetrace, Janus, Kidde, Macron,
Minimax, Siemens, Tyco, Viking
34,5bar 500psi, highest available pressure with welded cylinders,
FK-5-1-12: Sevo, Firetrace, Janus
42 bar 600psi, Common in europe
FK-5-1-12: Minimax, Viking, Siemens (in UL process)
HFC-227ea: Minimax, Viking, Siemens (in UL process)
50bar 725psi, highest available working pressure
FK-5-1-12: Minimax, Viking
HFC-227ea: Minimax, Viking
Viking
Page 44
Gaseous systems application
History of working pressures
CO2 was always working with 60bar
Inertgases are working also with 60bar after the pressure reducer or 30-40bar when
constant flow valve is equipped.
Halon 1301 has a vapor pressure of ca.200psi at 21C in order to increase the capability
160psi nitrogen where added in the US giving 360psi(24,8bar), in Europe system where
created with 42bar (610psi) in order to work on longer distances. (CO2 hardware was
used)
FM-200 has a vapor pressure of 4bar, the difference to Halon was substituted by
Nitrogen in the US, in Europe systems where created with 42bar (Halon hardware)
Novec 1230 has a vapor pressure of 0,4bar, the difference to FM-200 was substituted
by Nitrogen. Also 42bar systems where created by using FM-200 42bar Hardware
Due to the lazyness of Novec 1230 to leave the cylinder, having more pressure is
advantageous. Welded cylinders are now available with 500psi (34,5bar) what is the
maximum for a welded cylinder according DOT seamless with 50bar (725psi).
Viking
Page 45
Gaseous systems application
What is the advantage of higher working pressure
Pressure for transportation
of agent in pipe
Avg. Loss after
opening of valve
Avg. Loss after
opening of valve
Viking
Min. nozzle
pressure
213%
Avg. Loss after
opening of valve
Avg. Loss after
opening of valve
Min. nozzle
pressure
287%
Min.
nozzle
pressure
179%
100%
Min.
nozzle
pressure
50bar / 725psi
42bar / 610psi
34,5bar / 500psi
25bar / 360psi
Page 46
Gaseous systems application
What is the advantage of higher working pressure
The diameter gets smaller with higher working pressure,
Or instead of two pipes one is enough
delivered agent in kg in 10sec
25bar
34,5bar
42bar
50bar
17
21
25
30
28
34
40
50
42
51
60
75
66
80
95
110
100
120
140
200
150
175
200
260
250
275
300
400
420
510
600
750
630
765
900
1300
Pipe dim
pipe class
ISO
ANSI
DN15
1/2"
Sch40
DN20
3/4"
Sch40
DN25
1"
Sch40
DN32 1 1/4" Sch40
DN40 1 1/2" Sch40
DN50
2"
Sch40
DN65 2 1/2" Sch40
DN80
3"
Sch40
DN100
4"
Sch40
Rooms that require a bigger agent mass than suitable for 4 needs multiple systems !
Viking
Page 47
Gaseous systems application
Pipe class according FSSA handbook
Schedule40 is sufficient for all working pressures up to 50bar = 725psi
Viking
Page 48
Gaseous systems application
Is the higher working pressure a threat for the room integrity
Nitrogen is the propellant and will be flooded after the agent
Example of Nitrogen amount:
1 cylinder 180l, 25bar, fill 186,3kg Novec 1230
186,3kg Novec 1230 = 115,3l Novec 1230 (dens. 1,616kg/l)
1 cylinder 32l, 25bar, fill 18,6kg Novec 1230
18,6kg Novec 1230 = 11,5l Novec 1230
180l - 115,3l Novec 1230 + 32l - 11,5l Novec = 85,2l Nitrogen x
25bar = 2130l expanded Nitrogen
1 cylinder: 180l, 50bar, fill 197,8kg + 4,6kg heel, Novec 1230
202,4kg Novec 1230 = 125,2l Novec 1230 (dens. 1,616kg/l)
180l minus 125,2l Novec = 54,8l Nitrogen x 42bar = 2301l
expanded Nitrogen (50bar = 2740l)
A higher working pressure acts with a similar amount of Nitrogen, it
just compress it to less volume.
Nozzle pressure will be reduced by smaller pipes in case of higher
working pressure.
Final nozzle pressures are at same level
Viking
25/34,5
bar
Page 49
42/50
bar
Gaseous systems application
Example
25bar requires:
Room 90m - 3m+0,3m = 297m- Design NFPA
180l + 32l cylinder
50bar requires:
180l cylinder
High fill density in real life
Smaller or less Cylinders = less space needed
Viking
Page 50
Gaseous systems application
High fill density
76m3+40m - 95,8 kg filling,
80l cylinder 0-3 = 15m inlet pipe!
Viking
Page 51
Gaseous systems application
Unbalanced piping, 3 levels on same pipework
Viking
Page 52
Gaseous systems application
Long distance or high rise pipe
66m
15,6m / 24m
Viking
Page 53
Gaseous systems application
Substition of Halon 1301 or other HFC systems
Agent quantity Halon: 0,3kg / m - Novec: 0,69kg / m (NFPA)
50bar can transport 3x times more agent through same diameter
Utilizing existing pipes is possible !
hydraulic calculation needed in advance
Attention on falling Ts with Halon, these are not accpetable
Attention with to big pipes for Halon masses
See table of agent delivered in 10seconds
delivered agent in kg in 10sec
25bar
34,5bar
42bar
50bar
17
21
25
30
28
34
40
50
42
51
60
75
66
80
95
110
100
120
140
200
150
175
200
260
250
275
300
400
420
510
600
750
630
765
900
1300
Viking
Pipe dim
pipe class
ISO
ANSI
DN15
1/2"
Sch40
DN20
3/4"
Sch40
DN25
1"
Sch40
DN32 1 1/4" Sch40
DN40 1 1/2" Sch40
DN50
2"
Sch40
DN65 2 1/2" Sch40
DN80
3"
Sch40
DN100
4"
Sch40
Page 54
APPROVALS
Recommended approvals for hardware
Why do we need a system approval ?
All components have to show their reliability in long
term tests
The complete systems has to show its performance
The performance must be predicted by a software
The software is the most crucial part of a system.
With FM/UL listings it is strictly linked with the system
VdS Software is a kind of open source, always aks for
VdS approval of the calculated system.
Attention has to paid to the cylinders, here additional
certificates are required, e.g. DOT, TPED,
Offshore application often requires different approval than
onshore
Pay special attention to CE in Europe
Viking
Page 55
Gaseous systems application
Single zone system
See Installation and Service manual for more details
Viking
56
Page 56
Gaseous systems application
Single zone system
See Design manual for more details
Viking
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Page 57
Gaseous systems application
Single zone system
See Design manual for more details
Viking
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Page 58
Gaseous systems application
Single zone system
See Design manual for more details
Viking
59
Page 59
Gaseous systems application
Quantity calculation
Flooding factors of HFC-227ea vs. FK-5-1-12
FK-5-1-12 / Novec 1230
Overview
For more details refer to
NFPA 2001 or ISO 14520
HFC-227ea / FM200
Design
max. conc.
Design
max. conc.
kg/m kg/m kg/m kg/m
NOAEL LOAEL
kg/m kg/m kg/m kg/m
NOAEL LOAEL
conc.
@50C from
conc.
@50C from
@15C @18C @20C @21C
%
%
@15C @18C @20C @21C
%
%
%
15C Design
%
15C Design
Class A - NFPA 2001
4,5
0,6683 0,6606 0,6556 0,6531
5,1
6,9
0,551
0,545
0,54
0,538
7,8
Class B - NFPA 2001
5,9
0,8893 0,8790 0,8723 0,8690
6,7
0,735
0,727
0,721
0,718
10,1
Class C - NFPA 2001
4,5
0,6683 0,6606 0,6556 0,6531
5,1
7,3
0,585
0,579
0,574 0,5720
8,2
Surface Class A - ISO14520
5,3
0,7938 0,7846 0,7787 0,7757
6,0
7,9
0,637
0,63
0,625
0,623
8,9
Class B - ISO14520
5,9
0,8893 0,8790 0,8723 0,8690
6,7
0,735
0,727
0,721
0,718
10,1
Higher Class A - ISO 14520
5,6
0,8414 0,8317 0,8253 0,8222
6,4
8,5
0,69
0,682
0,677
0,675
9,6
10
>10
Required kg per hazard: Volume x kg/m
Viking
Page 60
10,5
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 61
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 62
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
63
Page 63
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 64
Gaseous systems application
System components Multizone
See Installation and Service manual for more details
Viking
65
Page 65
Gaseous systems application
Principle
Centralized agent storage
Hazards are served via valves
In case of alarm the corresponding valve will open and
release the agent to the area
Wich kind of systems you know working like that ?
Sprinkler
Foam
Gas
Viking
Page 66
Gaseous systems application
Main characteristics
Single zone: The agent quantity is
calculated to flood the protected zone one
time, with reserve two times
Independent from other rooms
More rooms = linear increase of
investment
Space cosuming
Multizone: The agent quantity is calculated
for the biggest of several volumes, the
necessary quantity is released in case of
alarm and flooded via a selectional valve
into the area, a 100% reserve is often
used.
First come first serve
Limited investment in agent and
cylinders
Occupies only small space
Viking
Page 67
Gaseous systems application
Minimax&Viking approved as first and so far
only company a multizone system utilizing
Novec 1230 according FM/UL approval
guidelines.
This contains, cylinder and all hardware for
single zone systems
Selectorvalves and related componentes
Software to calculate selectorvalve manifold.
Watch Video
Up 15 rooms can be connected to one
cylinder bank.
Viking
Page 68
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 69
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 70
Gaseous systems application
Software
See Design manual for more details
Viking
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Page 71
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
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Page 72
Gaseous systems application
Software
Viking
73
Page 73
Gaseous systems application
Golden rules multizone
Minimum room agent requirement per room should be 150kg to be
connected to Multizone system, otherwise single system is more
economic
Saving: 1 cylinder with
accessories and agent
Viking
Additional: 1 Selector
valve with accessories
Page 74
Gaseous systems application
Golden rules multizone
Ideal relation of rooms connected to one system is 4:1
The background is a limit of the hydraulic calculation called agent in
pipe
This shall be not more than f.e. 85% (our software)
If first pipes are to big (necessary for bigger areas) nitrogen will go ahead
of agent and agent supply will be not sufficient to build up concentration
Pressure drops to much in Selector valve manifold
Example:
Biggest room requires 1000kg, and therefore manifold and selector valve
manifold is 4
Smallest requires 150kg, this will be flooded into 4 manifolds
Nitrogen
1000kg
150kg
If rooms vary more than 4:1 we may consider one system for big rooms
and one for small rooms.
Viking
Page 75
Gaseous systems application
Golden rules multizone
Maximum agent for biggest
hazard ca. 1300kg, if bigger
rooms need to be protected
consider either slave battery or
separate system
Viking
Page 76
Gaseous systems application
Examples for savings
Single systems: 21cylinder 2632kg
Multizone with reserve:
6 + 6cylinders = 12 cylinders
748kg+748kg = 1496kg
Viking
Page 77
Gaseous systems application
Examples for savings
35 Cylinders & 3,5to Novec saved, -32%
against single zone. Max. Distance 49m
Viking
Page 78
Case study 13,8kV substation
Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz
Viking
Page 79
Case study 13,8kV substation
Novec 1230 4,5% @ 21C sealevel 2 Equipment rooms available
Viking
Page 80
Case study 13,8kV substation
List of rooms
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2
Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room
Room
3
Volume m
Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
1450,00
950,7
22
-5
1455,38
954,2
38
-5
1371,59
899,3
20
GF Battery Room
257,38
168,8
40
GF Communication
Room
201,36
132,1
GF Control Room
1425,84
934,8
16
Agent Required w/o reserve
4039,9
We decided to use only one Fire Equipment room
Distance to rooms was very different
Rooms are in BF and GF
Viking
Page 81
Case study 13,8kV substation
Cylinder bank
Space requirement
Single row = No. of cylinders x 0,5
Example 13,8kV Swgr = 7 x 0,5
Manifold
450mm
Dm
406mm
500mm
Double row = (No. of cylinders x 0,5) + 0,25
Dm
406mm
Manifold
250mm
900mm
Dm
406mm
500mm
Viking
Page 82
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2
Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room
Room
3
Volume m
Dist.
Single Zone 25bar
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
Cyl. Qty. Size Cyl. Fill in sec.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
SZ 25bar SZ 25bar kg 25bar
1450,00
950,7
22
-5
22
180l
86,5
1455,38
954,2
38
-5
28
180l
72
9,5
1371,59
899,3
20
28
180l
72
9,5
GF Battery Room
257,38
168,8
40
106l
84,5
9,5
GF Communication
Room
201,36
132,1
106l
76
9,5
GF Control Room
1425,84
934,8
16
26
180l
72
10
Agent Required w/o reserve
4039,9
112
8449
Higher agent amount is caused by over flooding to eliminate pipe fill error and
minimum fill of cylinder
Viking
Page 83
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
Situation in Equipment room 1
Communication room
13,8kV Swgr room
Cable basement right
Control room
Cable basement left
Viking
Page 84
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
25bar system: 112 cylinder
Due to distance of battery room or
communication room both rooms are
needed.
Fire Equipment room 2 would be to
small for all cylinders
The 4 cylinders for battery room has
to be placed in Fire Equipment room 2
Viking
Page 85
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2
Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room
Room
3
Volume m
Single Zone 50bar
Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Cyl. Qty. Size Fill in sec.
Incl.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
SZ 50bar Cyl. SZ kg 50bar
1450,00
950,7
22
-5
12
180l
162,5
1455,38
954,2
38
-5
14
180l
138,5
1371,59
899,3
20
12
180l
154,5
GF Battery Room
257,38
168,8
40
140l
89,0
GF Communication
Room
201,36
132,1
140l
136,5
GF Control Room
1425,84
934,8
16
12
180l
160,5
Agent Required w/o reserve
4039,9
56
8298
Higher agent amount is caused by residual agent in seamless cylinders and by over
flooding to eliminate pipe fill error
Viking
Page 86
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
Situation in Equipment room 1
Communication room
13,8kV Swgr room
Cable basement right
Control room
Cable basement left
Battery room
Viking
Page 87
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
50bar single zone system: 56 cylinders
Only one room is required, Fire
equipment room 1 can accommodate
all cylinders
Room size could be reduced by ca.1/4rd
Fire Equipment room 2 can be used for
other purpose
Saved space: 60m
Viking
Page 88
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 50bar Multizone max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2
Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room
Room
3
Volume m
Multizone 50bar
Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
No of Dim. Of Cyl. MZ Slave cyl. Fill in sec.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
valves valves M/R MZ M/R kg 50bar
1450,00
950,7
22
-5
12
162,5
1455,38
954,2
38
-5
4"
20
100,5
1371,59
899,3
20
4"
20
100,5
GF Battery Room
257,38
168,8
40
2 1/2"
100,5
12
GF Communication
Room
201,36
132,1
2"
100,5
GF Control Room
1425,84
934,8
16
4"
20
100,5
20
12
3960
Agent Required w/o reserve
4039,9
Battery room needs to be overflooded to eliminate pipefill error but is
still below 10%
This is the big adavantage of Novec 1230 in Design
Viking
Page 89
Case study 13,8kV substation
Situation with 50bar Multizone max. 180l cylinder size
50bar multi zone system: 32
cylinders plus 5 valves
Only one room is required, Fire
equipment room 1 can
accommodate all cylinders
Room can be less than half the size
Saved space: 80m
Viking
Page 90
Summary
All systems have a common principle
Different working pressures available
Higher working pressure provides more flexibility
Higher working pressure is no threat to room integrity
Higher working pressure saves space and hardware
Working with Multizone saves cost
If applying Multizone it is crucial that the software calculates the selector
valve manifold
For Halon substitution more pressure is necessary
Viking
Page 91
Peter Eisenberger
+43 664/836 66 56
eisenbergerp@viking-emea.com
Vielen Dank fr Eure Aufmerksamkeit!
!
Tack fr din uppmrksamhet
Thanks for your attention !
Kiitos huomita
Gracias por su atencin
Takk for oppmerksomheten
Merci pour votre attention
Grazie per lattenzione
Dankon pro via atento
