XII - English I Paper

Complete Material
For

Slow Bloomers
Prepared By

M.Muthuprabakaran

M.A.,B.Ed.,

Graduate Teacher (English),

Govt. Hr. Sec. School, Puzhuthipatti,
Sivagangai Dt-630309.

Once you learn to Quit, it becomes a Habit

Name

______________________________

Class

___________________________

School

______________________________
1

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tpdhj;jhspy; cs;s bkhj;j gphpt[fs;

tpdhj;jhspy; cs;s bkhj;j tpdhf;fs;

69

vGj ntz;oa tpdhf;fspd; vz;zpf;if

59

gjpy; ju ntz;oa kjpg;bgz;fs;

bkhj;j kjpg;bgz;fs;

100 (149)

m. brhw;fs";rpak; rhh;e;j nfs;tpfs;

30 (36)

M. ,yf;fzk; rhh;e;j nfs;tpfs;

20 (20)

,. thrpg;g[j;jpwd; rhh;e;j nfs;tpfs;

15 (15)

<. v[GJjy; jpwd; rhh;e;j nfs;tpfs; (ghlg;gFjp)

15 (45)

c. ,yf;fpaeak; rhh;e;j nfs;tpfs; (ghly; gFjp)

20 (33)

kjpg;bgz;fs; xJf;fPL
1. xU kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

34 (34)

2. ,uz;L kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

40 (46)

3. \d;W kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

06 (09)

4. Ie;J kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

10 (30)

5. gj;J kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

10 (30)

bkhj;j kjpg;bgz;fs;

100 (149)

Preface
To all the respected teachers of English, this bi-lingual material has been
prepared so effectively for the slow learners to get rid of the fear in English
Subject. And they can attend the examination quite confidently. To make the
students feel easy, Tamil explanation and some easy ways are given for all the
questions. I assure you that this material will help the students to achieve good
marks in their examination.

Instruction does much,

But
Encouragement everything

Above lines are dedicated to my well-wishers who were encouraged me for my 10th
English Complete Material published in www.kalvisolai.com and other educational websites.
My heartfelt thanks to Mr.Senthivelmurugan Sir (CEO Sivagangai DT). I also thank Mr.Cruze
(Matro Xerox, Nagamalai Puthukkottai, Madurai-19) & K.Agilan Suresh (Art Master, GHSS,
Puzhuthipatti.)

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Section A Vocabulary Lexical Competencies (30 Marks)

I. A.Synonyms - Question No. 1 to 5 (5 Marks):
,f;nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;l Ie;J thh;j;ijfSf;F rhpahd bghUs; bfhz;l
thh;j;ijiaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGj ntz;Lk;. nfs;tp xU thf;fpakhf bfhLf;fg;gl;L
mjpy; bghUs; mwptjw;fhd thh;j;ij mof;nfhol;L bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. mtw;wpd;
fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;l ehd;F tpilfspy; xd;iwj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.
1. captives prisoners
31. sturdy strong
2. ceaseless untiring

32. enigma mystery

3. awakened aroused

33. sacred holy

4. ornate decorate

34. vanquished defeated

5. battered hit hard

35. poignant bitter, sharp

6. valour brave, courage

36. herculean mighty

7. emerged arouse

37. crusader fought

8. hardness control

38. stranded marooned

9. honorable upright, principled

39. petrified frightened / immobile

10. accelerated speeding up

40. pursuit continue

11. dormant inactive

41. squashed subdue / suppress

12. slew killed

42. retained possess

13. advent arrival

43. nausea stink / vomiting

14. ruffle upset

44. perusal reading attentively

15. patronage support

45. ominous bad / threatening

16. assail attack, assault

46. bizarre strange

17. sullen miserable

47. pause stop

18. endurance tolerance

48. conviction belief

19. mutiny revolt

49. truant laborious

20. intuition insight

50. visage face

21. menacing threatening

51. devoted dedicated

22. frailty weakness

52. delusive misleading

23. industrious hardworking, diligent

53. petrified immobile

24. wit intelligence

54. proliferated multiply / produce new

25. harness control

55. stench stink

26. libel slander, false statement

56. serenely calmly

27. seduce tempt, entice

57. cause reason

28. tranquility calm

58. cultivate develop

29. instant immediate

59. harness control

30. valiant brave

60. vile evil

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I. B.Antonyms - Question No. 6 to 10 (5 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;l Ie;J thh;j;ijfSf;F vjph;r;brhy;iyj; njh;e;bjLj;J
vGj ntz;Lk;. nfs;tp xU thf;fpakhff; bfhLf;fg;gl;L mjpy; bghUs; mwptjw;fhd
thh;j;ij mof;nfhol;L (Underlined) bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. mtw;wpd; fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;l
ehd;F tpilfspy; xd;iwj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.
1. ultimate x initial

21. tranquility x agitation, panic

2. faithful x disloyal

22. trivial x significant

3. broad x narrow

23. loosened x tightened

4. brief x detailed

24. deterred x encouraged

5. radically x moderately

25. perfect x imperfect

6. sacred x unholy

26. praise x criticize

7. abandoned x inhabited

27. harness x release, free

8. interested x indifferent

28. destruct x construct

9. vile x good

29. serenely x excitedly

10. vigorous x weak, inactive

30. suspicious x certain

11. undamaged x damaged

31. sublime x poor

12. dormant x active

32. agitated x calm

13. reverence x irreverence, disrespect

33. broad x narrow

14. obscure x clear

34. valiant x timid / coward

15. cursed x blessed

35. mighty x weak

16. illiterate x literate

36. frailty x strength

17. agony x pleasure

37. marvelous x ordinary

18. visible x invisible

38. sturdy x weak

19. bestowed x denied

39. eventually x initially

20. vanish x appear

40. marvelous x ordinary

I. C. Answer any ten of the following: (10x2=20)

Question No. 11 Plural Form (2 Marks):
xUikahf

(Singular)

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;

,U

thh;j;ijfis

gd;ik

(Plural)

thh;j;ijfshf khw;wp mij xU thf;fpakhf mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;. fPnH cs;s

fl;lj;jpy;

bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s

vspa

Kiwfis

epidtpy;

itj;Jf;

bfhs;tJ

,f;nfs;tpia vspjhf;Fk;.
-es
-a
-ae
-i
-ee
-ces
-ves

Example

epidtpy; itj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;bait

-is
-um
-a
-us
-oo
-x
-f

Axis
Datum
Formula
Alumnus
Tooth
Matrix
Leaf
4

Axes
Data
Formulae
Alumni
Teeth
Matrices
Leaves

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tpjptpyf;Ffs;:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Sheep, cattle, deer, aircraft, swine Mfpatw;Wf;F Singular, Plural xd;nw.

Spectacles, news, premises, species Mfpatw;Wf;F Singular, Plural xd;nw.
Man-men, woman-women, child-children. nghd;w vGj;Jf;fSf;F rpW khw;w';fs; kl;Lk; Vw;gLj;jt[k;.
Son-in-law nghd;w xUik thh;j;ijfSf;F gd;ik totk; bgUk;ghYk; Kjy; thh;j;ijapnyna tUk;. Sons-in-law.

Question No . 12 Idioms (2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tp ctik tifiar; rhh;e;jJ MFk;. jkpH; bkhHpapy; ehk; gad;gLj;Jk;
ngr;RtHf;F nghd;wJ MFk;. nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jdpkug[ thf;fpaj;ij (Idiom)
vLj;J mij xU thf;fpakhf mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.

S.
No
1
2
3
4

Idiom
To be on cloud nine
To be at logger heads
Put on airs
Stand a chance

Meaning

Sentence

To be extremely happy
To disagree strongly
Show off
To have a potential opportunity

We are on cloud nine

Ramu and Somu are at logger heads
She is put on airs.
Vijay stands a chance of winning the award.

Use the Idiom a bolt from the blue in a sentence of your own:
vspa Kiw:
1. I know the meaning of the idiom a bolt from the blue. (or)
2. I like the idiom a bolt from the blue. (or)
3. The idiom a bolt from the blue is interesting.

Question No. 13 Abbreviation (2 Marks):

Abbreviation vd;gJ xU tphpthd thh;j;ijapd;/ bgahpd; Kjy; vGj;Jf;fis kl;Lk;
bfhz;l RUf;fk; MFk; (v.fh. SBI). nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s RUf;fthh;j;ijia
(Abbreviation) tphpthf;fp mij xU thf;fpakhf mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.
5

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

PC
CD
BPO
CPU
FM
SBI
LPG
UPS
VCR
RP
TV
CAD
UGC
PSU
ATM
BHEL
VIBGYOR

18. Kg
19. BBC

Abbreviations & Acronyms

Personal Computer
20. Ltd
Limited
Compact Disc
21. Mon
Monday
Business Process Outsourcing
22. HSS
Higher Secondary School
Central Processing Unit
23. TOEFL
Test Of English as a Foreign Language
Frequency Modulator
24. Radar
Radio Detection and Ranging
State Bank of India
25. GATE
Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
26. VIRUS
Vital Information and Research Under Siege
Uninterrupted Power Supply
27. HUDCO Housing and Urban Development Corporation
Video Cassette Recorder
28. AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Received Pronunciation
29. WHO
World Health Organization
Tele Vision
30. NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Computer Aided Designing
31. AVADI Armed Vehicles and Ammunition Depot of India
University Grants Commission
32. ISRO
Indian Space Research Organization
Public Sector Unit
33. UNO
United Nations Organization
Automated Teller Machine
34. LAN
Local Area Network
Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited
35. NLC
Neyveli Lignite Corporation
Violet Indigo Blue Green Yellow 36. LASER
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Orange Red
Radiation
Kilogram
37. ILO
International Labour Organization
British Broadcasting Corporation 38. SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Co-Operation

Write a sentence using the expanded form of the abbreviation CPU:

vspa Kiw:
1. Central Processing Unit is the expanded form of CPU.
2. CPU is the shortened form of Central Processing Unit.

Question No. 14 Homophones (2 Marks):

Homophones vd;gJ xnu cr;rhpg;igf; bfhz;l/ Mdhy; Spelling kw;Wk; mh;j;jk;
ntWgl;l

,uz;L

brhw;fshFk;.

bfhLf;fg;gl;l

nfs;tpapd;

mh;j;jj;ija[k;/

,uz;L

thh;j;ijfspd; mh;j;jj;ija[k; Xust[ g[hpe;J bfhz;lhny vspjhf gjpyspj;J tplyhk;.

1. I had no _____. He gave me _____ of advice.

(peace/piece)

2. The protruding ___ of the tree obstructed our _____.

(root/route)

3. The ___ of this story is good for students ____.

(moral/morale)

4. The moisture is ____ to the heavy ____.

(due/dew)

5. They had dates for _____ in the ___.

(dessert/desert)

6. He is fully ____ about his ____ in doing things.

(conscience/conscious)

7. Priyas ____ son ____ himself to the new environment.

(adopted/adapted)

8. None has ____ such a ___ created by monster waves so far.

(seen/scene)

9. Everybody appreciated our ____ for his ____

(principal/principle)

10. Those who are ___ of their ___ dare not do mistakes.

(conscious/conscience)

11. She ___ the rubbish ___ the window yesterday.

(threw/through)

12. I dont know ___ the ___ will permit us to go.

(whether/weather)

13. Last ____ he did not attend school as he was ____.

(week/weak)

14. The ____ lorry was loaded with ____ items.

(stationary/stationery)

15. The ____ leader visited the ____ city in China.

(popular/populous)

16. The ____ young man went to the ___ city.

(industrial/industrious)
6

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Question No. 15 Blended Words (2 Marks):

,U KG thh;j;ijfis ,izj;J/ ,U thh;j;ijfisa[k; fye;j xU g[jpa mh;j;jk;
bfhz;l thh;j;ijia vGjp mg;g[J thh;j;ija[ld; xU thf;fpak; mikf;f ntz;Lk;.

Word 1

Word 2

Blended Word

Sentence

Vegetable

Hamburger

Vegeburger

I like to eat vegeburger.

Breakfast

Lunch

Brunch

I had brunch at 11 am.

Medical

Care

Medicare

Medicare is useful.

Travel

Catalogue

Travelogue

I read the travelogue.

Melody

Drama

Melodrama

I watched the melodrama.

Education

Entertainment

Edutainment

I watched the edutainment.

News

Broadcast

Newscast

I watched the newscast in TV.

Documentary Drama

Docudrama

I watched the docudrama.

Motorway

Motel

We had lunch at motel.

International Police

Interpol

The Interpol arrested him.

Smoke

Fog

Smog

I stuck in smog.

Education

Satellite

Edusat

India launched edusat.

Lecture

Demonstration

Lecdem

The teacher gave us lecdem.

Electro

Execute

Electrocute

He was electrocuted.

Helicopter

Airport

Heliport

I saw heliport in Madurai.

Hotel

Question No. 16 Syllabification (2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehd;F brhw;fspy; ,uz;oid vj;jid mirfs;
cs;sd vd;W vLj;bjGj ntz;Lk;. ,f;nfs;tpf;F gjpyspf;f ,uz;L vspa Kiwfs;
fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mitfspy; xd;iw itj;J vspjhf gphpj;J tplyhk;.
vspa Kiw 1:
bfhLf;fg;gl;l thh;j;ijia mg;gona jkpHpy; rhpahd cr;rhpg;g[ld; jtwpy;yhky; vGj ntz;Lk;.
jkpHpy; vGjpa thh;j;ijapy; cs;s g[s;sp itj;j brhw;fis mof;f ntz;Lk;. moj;jJ nghf

kPjkpUf;Fk; brhw;fs; jhd; me;j thh;j;ijapYs;s mirfs; (Syllables).

v.fh.

Determination- ol;lh;kpnd#d; - olkpnd# - 5 Syllables.

vspa Kiw 2: (95% rhpahd Kiw)

bghJthf Syllables Mf gphpf;Fk; nghJ Vowels (a,e,i,o,u) vdg;gLk; capbuhypapida[k; mijr;
rhh;e;j vGj;Jf;fisa[k; ikakhff; bfhz;L jhd; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
vdnt bfhLf;fg;gl;l thh;j;ijfspy; cs;s a, e, i, o, u Mfpa Ie;J vGj;Jf;fis itj;nj
mt;thh;j;ijapy; vj;jid mirfs; cs;sd vd;W vspjhf fz;Lgpoj;J tplyhk;.
,U capbuhyp vGj;Jf;fs; mUfUnf (au, ae, ei, io, oo, ee) te;jhy; mij xU mirahfnt

fzf;fplg;gl ntz;Lk;. (iu jtph;j;J)

thh;j;ijapd; filrpapy; e vd;w vGj;J te;jpUe;jhy; mij fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf; bfhs;sf;TlhJ
thh;j;ijapd; filrpapy; y vd;w vGj;J te;jpUe;jhy; mij xU Syllable Mf fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf;
bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.

v.fh.

Matriculation Matriculation a,i,u,a,io 5 Syllables

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Question No. 17 Reframing the word (2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy;

xU

thh;j;ij

bfhLf;fg;gl;L

mij

bgah;r;brhy;ypd;

(Noun)

,lj;jpYk;/ tpidr;brhy;ypd; (Verb) ,lj;jpYk; Vw;gLj;jp ,U thf;fpa';fis mikf;f

ntz;Lk;. mof;fo nfl;ff;Toa thh;j;ijfs; ,U thf;fpa';fshff; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
,itfis vg;go vGJtJ vd;W bjhpe;J itj;Jf; bfhz;lhy; nghJkhdJ.

S.No

Word

As a Noun

As a Verb

Tear

She shed tears

Dont tear the page

Hope

She has no hope of recovery

I hope to win this match

Well

There is a well in my garden

Tears well in your eyes

Play

I read Shakespeares play

I will play cricket tomorrow

File

I have a file

I filed it

Love

God is love

I love my parents

Help

I need your help

I will help you

Address

Please give me your address

He addressed the gathering

Lead

Lead is a heavy metal

I am ready to lead you

10

Match

Let us play friendly match

No one can match him in strength

11
12

Break
Face

Let us have a short break

Face is the index of the mind

Do not break the box

I can face any problem

Question No. 18 American English (2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy;

xU

gphpl;o#;

M';fpy

thh;j;ij

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

mjw;F

,izahd mbkhpf;f M';fpy thh;j;ijia xU thf;fpakhf mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.

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British
English

American
English

British
English

American
English

British
English

American
English

Trumpet
Jug
Dustbin
Goods train
Blind
Chips
Holiday
Torch light
Sweet
Rise
Biscuits
Taxi

Horn
Pitcher
Trash can
Freight train
Window Shade
French Fries
Vacation
Flash light
Candy
Raise
Cookies
Cab

Flat
Single
Film / Cinema
Lorry
Post
Lift
Autumn
Tap
Interval
Nappy
Shop assistant
Centre

Apartment
One way
Movie
Truck
Mail
Elevator
Fall
Faucet
Intermission
Diaper
Sales clerk
Center

Ground floor
Luggage
Tin
Underground
Railway
Pavement
Aerial
Druggist
Crisp
Petrol
Mobile phone
Programme

First floor
Baggage
Can
Subway
Railroad
Sidewalk
Antenna
Chemist
Potato chips
Gasoline
Cell phone
Program

Write a sentence of your own using the American English word for sweet:
vspa Kiw:
1. Candy is an American English word (or)
2. I like to eat candy (or) cookies (or) French fries (or) potato chips.
3. I like to drive cab (or) truck.
4. We want to go to movie (or) vacation (or) first floor (or) subway (or) sidewalk.
5. I bought a new flash light (or) apartment (or) faucet (or) cell phone.

Question No. 19 Compound Word (2 Marks):

,U ntW mh;j;jKs;s brhw;fs; ,ize;J xU g[jpa brhy;iyf; bfhLj;jhy; mJ
Compound Word MFk;. ,f;nfs;tpapy; xU Compound Word ,U nkw;nfhs;FwpfSf;Fs;
bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. mij itj;J xU g[jpa thf;fpaj;ij mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.
Word 1
Down
World
Good
Taxi
Shop
Sports
Out
Son
Duty
Point
Long
Day
Air
Kitchen
Washing
Wood
Well
House

Word 2
To earth
Famous
For nothing
Driver
Owner
Man
Patient
In law
Free
To point
Forgotten
To day
Conditioning
Garden
Machine
Work
To do
Arrest

New Word
Down-to-earth
World famous
Good-for-nothing
Taxi driver
Shop owner
Sportsman
Outpatient
Son-in-law
Duty free
Point to point
Long forgotten
Day-to-day
Air conditioning
Kitchen garden
Washing machine
Wood work
Well-to-do
House arrest

Sentence
He is a down to earth person.
He is a world famous person.
He is a good for nothing person
He is a taxi driver.
He is a shop owner.
He is a sportsman.
He is an outpatient.
He is my son in law.
This is a duty free item.
This is a point to point bus.
This is a long forgotten word.
This is a day to day activity.
I have an air conditioning machine at my home.
I have kitchen garden at my home.
I have a washing machine at my home.
I like this wood work.
He comes from a well to do family.
She was placed under house arrest.
9

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Question No. 20 Prefixes and Suffixes (2 Marks):

bfhLf;fg;gl;l thh;j;ijf;F Kd;dhy; rpW mirfis nrh;g;gJ Prefix MFk;. v.fh.
Untidy. bfhLf;fg;gl;l thh;j;ijf;F gpd;dhy; rpW mirfis nrh;g;gJ Suffix MFk;. v.fh.
,f;nfs;tpapy;

Cricketer.

Prefix

kw;Wk;

Suffix

Mfpa

,uz;Lk;

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

mtw;wpy; xd;iwj; njh;e;bjLj;J mtw;wpw;F thf;fpaj;Jld; tpilaspf;f ntz;Lk;.

Prefix

Suffix

Prefix

Root Word

New Word

Root Word

Suffix

New Word

Pre

Dictor

Predictor

Manage

Ment

Management

Un

Well

Unwell

Book

Let

Booklet

Fore

Noon

Forenoon

Critic

Ise

Criticize

Post

Operation

Post operation

Tax

Able

Taxable

In

Direct

Indirect

Fool

Ish

Foolish

Bi

Cycle

Bicycle

Visit

Or

Visitor

Dis

Interested

Disinterested

Thank

Ful

Thankful

Uni

Form

Uniform

Child

Hood

Childhood

Im

Possible

Impossible

Happy

Ness

Happiness

Mis
Non
De

Lead
Violence
Grade

Mislead
Non violence
Degrade

Quick
Care
Immortal

Ly
Less
Ity

Quickly
Careless
Immortality

Write a sentence using a word with the prefix im or the suffix able.
vspa Kiw:
1. I am a predictor (or) visitor .
2. I am disinterested (or) unwell (or) nonviolence (or) thankful (or) careless in my life.
3. I bought a new bicycle (or) booklet.
4. He misleads (or) degrades (or) criticizes herself.

Question No. 21 Compound Word Formation (2 Marks):

,U ntW mh;j;jKs;s brhw;fs; ,ize;J g[jpa brhy;iyf; bfhLj;jhy; mJ
Compound Word MFk;. ,f;nfs;tpapy; xU Compound Word ,U ,yf;fzg; gFjpfshff;
nfl;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sij kl;Lk; goj;Jf; bfhz;lhy; nghJkhdJ.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Noun + Noun
Noun + Verb
Noun + Gerund
Noun + Adjective
Verb + Noun
Verb + Verb
Verb + Adverb
Gerund + Noun
Preposition + Verb
Adjective + Noun
Adjective + Adjective
Adjective + Verb

School + boy
Sun + rise
Air + conditioning
Air + tight
Play + ground
Showcase
Send + off
Dancing + bird
In + put
Black + board
Hard + bound
White + wash
10

Schoolboy
Sunrise
Air-conditioning
Air tight
Playground
Showcase
Send off
Dancing bird
Input
Blackboard
Hardbound
Whitewash
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Question No. 22 Phrasal Verbs (2 Marks):

Phrasal

Verb

vd;gJ

brhw;bwhlh;

tpidr;brhy;

tifiar;

rhh;e;jJ

MFk;.

,f;nfs;tpapy; ,U Phrasal Verbs bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. mjw;fhd rhpahd tpsf;fj;ij

mwpe;J thf;fpaj;ij mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.
S.N

Phrasal Verb

Meaning

Sentence

Call off

Cancel

The strike was called off.

Call for

Need something

She called for the doctor.

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Call up
Call upon
Cut off
Cut short
Go ahead
Go against
Pull on
Pull up
Look after
Look into
Look out
Take off
Take over
Keep up
Put on
Put off
Keep on
Give up

Recollect
Invite to speak
Remove
Reduce
Continue
Oppose
Fun
Overtake
Watch
Inspect
Observe
Depart
Capture
Maintain
Wear
Postpone
Continue
Abandon

He cannot call up the past events.

The leader called upon his men.
The village remained cut off from the city.
We cut short our tour.
Can we go ahead with our party plans?
He will go against his dad.
He pulled on his pants.
He pulled up a chair.
Please look after the child.
Please look into the matter.
Please look out for the answer.
Flights take off at night.
They take over the charge today.
Our team keeps up its winning streak.
He puts on a new dress.
Do not put off anything.
They kept on talking inspite of warning.
He advised him to give up smoking.

Question No. 23 Clipped Words (2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy; ,U KG thh;j;ijfs; bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. ,uz;L thh;j;ijfspd;
RUf;f thh;j;ijia vGJtJld;/ mjid xU thf;fpakhf mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;.

S.N

Word

Clipped Word
Ad

Sentence

Advertisement

I like this ad.

Telephone

Phone

I like this phone.

Suitcase

Case

I like this case.

Handkerchief

Kerchief

Perambulator

Pram

Refrigerator

Fridge

Fountain pen

Pen

I like this pen.

Taxicab

Cab

I like this cab.

Photograph

Photo

I like this photo.

10

Spectacles

Specs

I wear specs.

11

Demarcate

Mark

Mark the parts of the body.

I like this kerchief.

I like this pram.
I like this fridge.

11

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12

Mathematics

Maths

Maths is an easy subject.

13

Microphone

Mic

He stood before the mic.

14

Laboratory

Lab

He went to lab.

15

Discotheque

Disco

He went to disco.

16

Gymnasium

Gym

He went to gym.

17

Hamburger

Burger

18

Signature

Sign

19

Influenza

Flu

I affected with flu.

20

Helicopter

Copter

The copter flew low.

I ate burger.
Please sign the document.

Section B Grammatical Competencies (20 Marks)

II. A. Fill in the blanks: (10x1=10)
Question No. 24 & 26 Modal Verbs & Semi / Quasi Modals (1+1=2 Marks):
Modal Verb vd;gJ tiuKiw Fwpf;fpd;w tpidr;brhy; MFk;. ,f;nfs;tpapy; xU
thf;fpak; bfhLf;fg;gl;L tpidr;brhy;ypd; ,lj;jpy; nfs;tp nfl;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

Full Modals

Modal Auxiliaries

Semi / Quasi
Modals

1) will

6) could

1) used to

2) would

7) may

2) ought to

3) shall

8) might

3) need

4) should

9) must

4) dare

5) can
S.N
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
S.N
1
2
3
4

Full Modals
Can
Could
Shall
Should
Will
Would
May
Might
Must
Quasi / Semi Modals

Ought to
Used to
Dare
Need

Meaning
wikia Fl, mDk kW rhaTW.
Ug, flha kW flik.
rhaTW kW jfhf iy.
Ugij bjF Fl Ko.
Ugij bjf, fgidahd Ko.
mDk kW cWaw jik.
njit kW flha
Meaning
flikid, flhaid FwJ.
tHfkhd bra.
rth kW ijakhd bra.
njit kW njitaw iy.
12

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Textbook Exercises:
S. N

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Full Modals
I hope she will succeed.

Quasi / Semi Modals

My grandfather used to go for a walk when he
was young.
If you worked hard, you would pass.
They ought to remain indoors.
During our trip to States, shall we visit the You need not read every chapter.
Niagara Falls?
Eve teasers should be punished severely.
How dare you oppose the leader?
A good teacher can make even boring lessons
interesting.
Valarmathi could have got a good job in those
days.
Dont worry; this may happen to anyone and
anybody.
She might come tomorrow.
Caesars wife must be above suspicion.

rpW kw;Wk; vspa Kiwfs;:

1. nfhLf;fg;gl;l Nfs;tpapy;
te;jpUe;jhy;
2.
cld;
d; ,lj;jpy;
3. thf;fpaj;jpy;;
te;jpUe;jhy; ngUk;ghYk;

vd;gNj tpil MFk;.

te;jhy;
vd;gNj tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
vd;gNj tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.

Question No. 25 & 27 Tenses {Suitable Verb Form} (1+1=2 Marks):

,f;nfs;tpapy; rhpahd Tense Form-I vGj ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F M';fpyj;jpd; 12
tif fhy';fs; (Tenses) gw;wp bjspthf mwpe;J itj;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;. fPnH cs;s
fl;lj;jpy; 12 tifahd fhy';fs; (Tenses) kw;Wk; mitfis vspjhf fz;Lgpoj;J
vGJk; KiwfSk; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Tense

Keywords

General Form

generally, 1) I

Answer Type

Simple

Usually,

Present

always, now a days, 2) He/she/it/all singular subjects

is / verb+s / verb+es

Tense

every dayetc.

are / verb

Present

Now, at present, still, 1) I

am / verb+ing

Continuous

at this moment, this 2) He/she/it/all singular subjects

is / verb+ing

Tense

eveningetc

are / verb+ing

Present

Just, so far, recently, 1) He/she/it/all singular subjects

Perfect Tense till, till now, neveretc

am / verb

3) We/you/they/all plural subjects

3) We/you/they/all plural subjects

has + Past Participle

2) We/you/they/all plural subjects have + Past Participle

Present
Perfect
Continuous

Since / for

1) He/she/it/all singular subjects

has + been + verb + ing

2) We/you/they/all plural subjects have + been + verb + ing

Tense
Simple
Tense

Past Yesterday, last week, 1) He/she/it/all singular subjects

ago, once, since...etc

was / past tense verb

2) We/you/they/all plural subjects were / past tense verb

13

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Past

All last night, for a long 1) He/she/it/all singular subjects

was + verb + ing

Continuous

time yesterday, from, 2) We/you/they/all plural subjects

were + verb + ing

Tense

once upon a time..etc

Past Perfect
Tense

Already

Had + Past Participle

Past Perfect
Continuous

Had been

Had + been + verb + ing

Tense
Simple

Tomorrow, in future, 1) I/we

shall + root verb

Future Tense

next week, later, here 2) He/she/it/all singular subjects

will + root verb

after,

will + root verb

soon, 3) We/you/they/all plural subjects

shortlyetc
Future

By this time tomorrow,

Continuous

during july, at this time

Tense

tomorrow..etc

Shall / will + be + verb + ing

Future

Shall / will + have + Past Participle

Perfect Tense
Future

By the end of this year,

Perfect

In July next year..etc

Shall / will + have + been + verb + ing

Continuous
Tense
Examples:

1. In the last meeting, the blueprint of the proposed holiday home ______ (show).

Answers:
1. was shown

2. If the sun ________ (be) bright, the pictures would have come out well.

2. had been

3. She ________ (get up) at 5o clock every day.

3. gets up

4. Padma _______ (go) to temple every Thursday.

4. goes

5. If you work hard, you ______ (pass)

5. will pass

rpW kw;Wk; vspa Kiwfs;:

1. milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; Go vd;W te;jpUe;jhy; tpilahf ngUk;ghYk; Goes vd;W jhd; tUk;.
2.
f;F Kd; (m) gpd; is, are te;jpUe;jhy; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; cs;s thh;j;ijia mg;gbNa
(m) s Nrh;j;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
3.
f;F Kd; (m) gpd; was, were, Mfpait te;jpUe;jhy; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; cs;s
thh;j;ijAld; ed Nrh;j;J vOj Ntz;Lk;. (meet-met, win-won, come-came, bring-brought, seesaw, give-gave, teach-taught)
4. nfhLf;fg;gl;l Nfs;tpapy; Since te;jpUe;jhy; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; cs;s thh;j;ijAld; has
been + ing Nrh;j;J vOjTk;.
5.
f;F gpd; at te;jpUe;jhy; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; cs;s thh;j;ijAld; s Nrh;j;J vOj
Ntz;Lk;.
14

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Question No. 28 & 29 Relative Pronouns {Use a relative pronoun} (1+1=2 Marks):
Relative Pronoun vd;gJ chp Rl;Lg;bgah;fs; vdg;gLk;. bgah;r;brhy; kw;Wk; gpujp
bgah;r;brhy;Yf;F gjpyhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; brhw;fs; chp Rl;Lg;bgah;fs; MFk;.

,J xU

thf;fpaj;jpd; cl;gphpthf kw;Wk; ,U thf;fpa';fis ,izf;f gad;gLfpwJ.

People /
Things

Subjective Case

Objective Case

Possessive Case

WHO ahh;

WHOM ahUf;F

WHOSE ahUila

People
(The boy who rang the bell) (The boy whom you met)
WHICH ve;j

WHOSE ahUila

(The candle which melted)

(The candle which you

made)

(The candle whose wick had

snapped)

THAT me;j

THAT me;j

WHOSE ahUila

(The dog that bit the

postman)

(The dog that the

postman hates)

(The dog whose bark sounds like

cough)

WHICH ve;j
Things

People
or
Things

(The boy whose bike was stolen)

Place /
Position

WHERE v';nf

Time

WHEN vg;bghGJ

Reason

WHY Vd;

Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.

This is the boy _______ won the race. {who}

This is the house ______ Prabakaran was born. {where}
Most of his friends ______ he invited came to his birthday. {whom}
The wrong deeds ______ we do are more often remembered than our good ones. {that}

Question No. 30 Phrasal Preposition {Use a suitable phrase/preposition} (1 Mark):

Phrasal Verb vd;gJ xU brhw;bwhlUld; Kd;dpilr;brhy; (Preposition) ,ize;J
bghUs; jUk; thf;fpak; MFk;. bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nfs;tp thf;fpaj;ij KGikahfg;
g[hpe;J bfhz;lhy; kl;Lnk vspjhf tpilaspf;f Koa[k;.
Phrase
On account of
Due to
In the event of
Owing to
By dint of
Because of
Instead of
In favour of
By means of
Apart from
In front of
In addition to

Meaning

Phrase
Inspite of
Despite
On behalf of
fhuzdh
According to
Calls on
By dint of
gyhf
In search of
Mjuthf
In case of
_y
At the top of
nkY
By the side of
v
Fond of
TLjyhf
In opposition to
15

Meaning
Uj nghY
rhghf
rhJ
brW rj
gydhf
njo
xU ntis
c
gf
of Toa
vuhf
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Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The people did not leave their village _______ the heavy floods. {because of/ owing to}
They continued the match ______ the rain. {in spite of}
We reached there _______ the rain. {despite}
_______ his illness, he did not go to school. {due to}
You must not go _______ the advice of your parents. {in opposition to}

Question No. 31 Sentence Pattern (1 Mark):

Sentence Pattern vd;gJ thf;fpa mikg;g[fisf; fz;lwpa[k; KiwahFk;. nfs;tpapy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s mikg;gpw;F xU thf;fpak; mikj;J vGj ntz;Lk;. fPnH fl;lj;jpy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s 14 tif thf;fpa mikg;g[fis kdg;ghlk; bra;J bfhz;lhy; vspjhf
tpilaspf;fyhk;.
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Pattern
SV
SVA
SVC
SVCA
SVO
SVOC
SVOA
ASVO
SVIODO
SVIODOA
ASV
ASVC
ASVA
ASVOC

Sentence
Birds fly
Birds fly in the sky
Birds fly well
Birds fly well in the sky
I wrote a letter
I wrote a letter well
I wrote a letter yesterday
Yesterday I wrote a letter
Prabu sent her a card
Prabu sent her a card yesterday
Suddenly she smiled
Usually she is busy
Suddenly she smiled sweetly
Yesterday we painted the room green

Examples:
1. Write a sentence pattern SVCA.
Ans : He got well soon.

Question No. 32 Kinds of Passive Voice (1 Mark):

Voice-y; Active Voice kw;Wk; Passive Voice vd ,U tiffs; cs;sJ. ,tw;wpy; Passive
Voice-I Personal Passive Voice kw;Wk; Impersonal Passive Voice vd ,U tiffshf gphpf;fyhk;.
nfs;tpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpak; vt;tif vd;gij mwpe;J vGj ntz;Lk;.

Kinds of Passive Voice

Personal
Passive Voice
(By)

Impersonal
Passive Voice
16

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rpW kw;Wk; vspa Kiwfs;:

1. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; by te;jpUe;jhy; mij Personal Passive Voice vd
vLj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;.
2. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; by ,y;iynad;why; mij Impersonal Passive Voice vd
vLj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;.

Examples:

The tiger was shot dead by James

The tiger was kept in a cage

Question No. 33 Linkers {Use a suitable link word} (1 Mark):

Link Word (Linkers) vd;gJ xU ,izg;g[r;brhy; MFk;. ,J ,U thf;fpa';fis/ xU
thf;fpakhf
mit

,izf;f

fPnH

gad;gLfpwJ.

cs;s

fl;lj;jpy;

ehd;F

tifahd

bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

,izg;g[r;brhw;fs;
bfhLf;fg;gl;l

cs;sd.

thh;j;ijfis

mh;j;jj;Jld; g[hpe;J bfhz;lhny ,f;nfs;tpf;F vspjhf gjpyspj;J tplyhk;.

S.No

Linkers

Words

Coordinating Linkers

And, but, or, for, yet, still, so

Co relating linkers

Both..and, not onlybut also, either..or, neither..nor

Sentence Linkers

Also, Besides, Hence, Then, Thus, Otherwise, Likewise,

However, Moreover
Although, Though, As, Because, If, Unless, Whether, While,

Subordinating Linkers

When, Where, Before, After, Since, Till, so that, in order that,

even though

Important Link Words

S.No

Linkers

Meaning

Usage

When

vg;bghGJ

fhy kW neuij FwJ.

If

vd;why;

tha gjidia btgLj cjwJ.

Since

Kjy;

tha eilbgW braYF fhuz fLof

As

nghd;w

cjwJ.

Although

vd;whYk;

xU Kjik kW xU Jiz thaij izf

Though

vd;whYk;

(vbu mj) cjwJ.

But

Mdhy;

U Kjik thafis izf (vbu mj)

Until

tiu

Fl fhy kW neuF K nrf cjwJ.

Or

my;yJ

10

Otherwise

,y;iybadpy;

U Kjik thafSF eL (J myJ mJ)

Examples:
1. Man proposes ______ god disposes. {but}
2. _______ he was ill, he did not go to school. {as/since}
17

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II. B. Transform the following sentences as instructed: (5x2=10)

Question No. 34 Dialogue Reporting {Report the Dialogue} (2 Marks):
,f;nfs;tpapy; ,UtUf;F ,ilapyhd xU rpW ciuahly; bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.
bfhLf;fg;gl;l ciuahliy vjph;kiw thf;fpaj;jpy; mLj;jth; TWtJ nghy khw;wp
rpwpa gj;jp (Small Paragraph) totpy; vGj ntz;Lk;. Koe;j mst[ ,yf;fzg;gpiHfis
jtph;g;gJ KG kjpg;bgz;fs; fpilf;f tHp tFf;Fk;.
S.No

Types of Sentences

Meaning

Keywords

xU nra;jp>

Statement

Interrogative

tpdh thf;fpak;

Imperative

fl;lis thf;fpak;

Exclamatory

czh;r;rp thf;fpak;

rhjhuz thf;fpak;

Said, said to
Wh & Yes or No Questions
(Can, could, will)

Starting word

Told
Asked, if, whether

Action Words (Dont, Open,

Ordered, Pleased,

Let, Come, Closeetc)

Requested

Alas!, Oh!, Hurrah! Ah!

Exclaimed

gjpyspf;Fk; Kiw:
1. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ciuahly; vt;tif thf;fpak; vd;gij fz;lwpa Ntz;Lk;.
2. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Kjy; thf;fpaj;jpd; tifia fl;lj;jpy; cs;s Fwpg;G thh;j;ijfis
(Keywords) itj;Jk;> me;j thf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s ngaiu ,izj;Jk; xU gj;jp (5 my;yJ 6
thpfs;) msTf;F vOj Ntz;Lk;.

Question No. 35 Rephrasing the sentences using the starters were, had and
should. (2 Marks):
,f;nfs;tpapy; xU thf;fpak; bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. bfhLf;fg;gl;l thf;fpaj;jpd;
\d;whk; ,lj;jpy; had, should, were Mfpa thh;j;ijfspy; vJ bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;snjh/ mij
mt;thf;fpaj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy; gad;gLj;jp vGj ntz;Lk;.
fPnH milg;g[f;Fwpf;Fs; Begin the sentence with-y; ve;j thh;j;ij bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
vd;gij ghh;j;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;. mnj thh;j;ij nkny bfhLf;fg;gl;l thf;fpaj;jpy;
,Ue;jhy; mij vLj;J tpl ntz;Lk;.

If it had not rained we would have gone to the theatre.

(Begin the sentence with had)
Answer : Had it not rained we would have gone to the theatre.
Examples:
1. If you should need my help again, just give me a call. (Begin the sentence with should)
Answer:
Should you need my help again, just give me a call.
18

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Question No. 3638 Simple, Compound and Complex Sentence (2+2+2=6 Marks):
,f;nfs;tpfspy;

Simple,

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

mtw;iw

Compound
kw;w

,U

and

Complex

tiffspy;

tif

khw;wp

vGj

thf;fpa';fs;
ntz;Lk;.

fPnH

fl;lj;jpy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thh;j;ijfis Key Words Mf vLj;Jf;bfhz;L kw;w ,U

Kiwfspy; khw;wyhk;.
Type
I
II
III
IV

Complex
When
As soon as + verb
No sooner than
Though
Although + verb
Eventhough
As
Since + verb
Because
If + verb

Simple
On + verb + ing
Being

Compound
And
And at once

Inspite of + verb + ing

But,
Yet
Still
And so

Being
On account of
Because of
In the event of + verb + ing
In case of
Too...to

And

So..that..cannot
And so
Could not
VI
After + verb
Having
And then
Changing into a Simple Sentence:
1. When he saw the naughty boy, he became angry. (Complex)
Ans : On seeing the naughty boy, he became angry. (Simple)
Changing into a Complex Sentence:
1. Inspite of his poverty, he remained honest. (Simple)
Ans : Though he was poor, he remained honest. (Complex)
Changing into a Compound Sentence:
1. Though he was weak, he attended the function. (Complex)
Ans : He was weak but he attended the function. (Compound)
V

Section C Reading Competencies (15 Marks)

III.A.Identify the following sentences with the field in the list given below:(5x1=5)
Question No. 3943 Semantic Network (Clue Words) (5 Marks):
,jpy; Ie;J nfs;tpfs; nfl;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;. bfhLf;fg;gl;l Ie;J thf;fpa';fspy;
mt;thf;fpak; vijr; rhh;e;jJ/ ve;jg; gphpit/ vt;tifiar; rhh;e;jJ vd;gjw;fhd rpW
Fwpg;g[

thh;j;ij

my;yJ

brhy;

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

mjid

mwpe;J

bfhz;L

mf;nfs;tpf;F fPnH milg;g[f;Fwpf;Fs; bfhLf;fg;gl;l Ie;J thh;j;ijfspy; vtw;iwr;

rhh;e;jJ vd;gij bjhpe;J bfhz;L vLj;bjGj ntz;Lk;. vspjhf Ie;J kjpg;bgz;fs;
vLf;ff;Toa gFjp vd;gjhy; rw;W mjpf ftdk; brYj;jt[k;.
SENTENCE
1. The ghat route on the hills has many hairpin bends.

CLUE WORDS
Hills, hairpin bends

ANSWER
Travel

2. The Ozone layer protects us from the rays of the sun.

Ozone layer, Sun

Environment

3. The rhyme scheme of this poem is wonderful.

Poem, Rhyme scheme

Literature

4. ISRO has successfully launched Mangalyan to space.

ISRO, Space, Mangalyan

Space

5. Billiards and Squash are costly indoor games.

Games, Billiards.

Sports

19

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III. B. Read the passage & answer in your own words: (5x2=10)
Question No. 4448 Passage Comprehension (10 Marks):
,f;nfs;tpapy;
gj;jpapypUe;J

gj;jp

(Paragraph)

tpdhf;fs;

nfl;fg;gLk;.

xU

Ie;J

bfhLf;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.
nfl;fg;gl;l

bfhLf;fg;gl;l

tpdhf;fisa[k/;

nkny

bfhLf;fg;gl;l gj;jpapida[k; ed;whf goj;Jg; ghh;j;J g[hpe;J bfhz;L/ xg;gPL bra;J

ghh;j;J

tpilaspf;f

ntz;Lk;.

vspjhf

gj;J

kjpg;bgz;fis

vLf;ff;

Toa

gFjp

vd;gjhy; ,g;gFjpf;F rw;W mjpf ftdk; brYj;jpdhny nghJk;.

Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions given below:
A glacier is a river of ice which travels slowly from the summit of a mountain to the valley below. It
is formed when masses of snow are frozen and pressed together. For a glacier to form, snowfall during
winter must exceed the melting of snow during the summer. Such conditions only prevail in the mountain
and Polar Regions. The great weight of a glacier causes it to move slowly downwards from the snowfield
where it is formed. The movement varies from a few centimeters to a few meters per day, depending on
the slope of the ground and presence of the obstructions. The movement is greater in the center and
along the surface of the glacier than at the sides and the bottom. In some regions, the glacier eventually
reaches the sea. Large chunks of it break off and fall into sea with a thundering roar. These chunks of ice
float away as icebergs. At its source, a glacier is broad and thick; but as it moves down the mountain, its
temperature rises. As a result, more snow and ice melt and the glacier gradually decrease the size.
Questions:
1. What is a Glacier?
A glacier is a river of ice.
2. Where are the glaciers found?
Glaciers are found in the snowfields of mountains and polar regions.
3. How are the icebergs formed?
Large chunks of glaciers break off and fall into the sea with a thundering roar. These
chunks of ice float away as icebergs.
4. Mention the factors that cause the variations in the movement of the glaciers.
The variations in the movement of the glaciers are dependent on the slope of the
ground and the presence of obstructions. The movement is greater at the centre and the
surface than at the sides and the bottom.
5. Why does glacier decreases in size?
As the glacier moves down more snow and ice melt. So the glacier decreases in size.

Section D Writing Competencies Prose (15 Marks)

IV.A. Answer any one of the following questions in a paragraph: (1x5=5)
Question No. 4951 Paragraph Questions (5 Marks):
Paragraph-Ig;

bghWj;jtiu

Kjy;

\d;W

ghl';fspy;

cs;s

midj;J

gj;jp

(Paragraph) nfs;tpfis bjspthf goj;Jf; bfhs;st[k;. bgUk;ghYk; ,f;nfs;tpapy; Kjy;

\d;W ghl';fspy; ,Ue;J VjhtJ xU nfs;tp nfl;fg;gLk;. vdnt mitfis kl;Lk;
bjspthf g[hpe;J itj;Jf; bfhz;L gog;gJ KG kjpg;bgz; fpilf;f tHptFf;Fk;.

IV.B. Write an essay in about 250 words on any one of the following: (1x10=10)
Question No. 5254 Essay Type Questions (10 Marks):
Essay-Ig; bghWj;jtiu Kjy; \d;W ghl';fspy; cs;s fl;Liu tif (Essay)
nfs;tpfis bjspthf goj;Jf; bfhs;st[k;. bgUk;ghYk; ,f;nfs;tpapy; Kjy; \d;W
ghl';fspy; ,Ue;J VjhtJ xU nfs;tp nfl;fg;gLk;. vdnt mitfis kl;Lk; bjspthf
g[hpe;J itj;Jf; bfhz;L gog;gJ KG kjpg;bgz; fpilf;f tHptFf;Fk;.
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Section E Literary Competencies Poetry (20 Marks)

V.A. Read the poetic lines and answer the questions given below: (6x1=6)
Question No. 5560 Poetic Comprehension (6 Marks):
g[j;jfj;;jpy;

cs;s

midj;J

ghly;fspypUe;Jk;

nfs;tpfs;

nfl;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

vdnt ghliy (Poem) ed;whf goj;J itj;Jf; bfhs;tJ ey;yJ. ghliy (Poem) gof;Fk;
nghJ mjpy; cs;stw;iw bjspthf goj;J itj;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
A Psalm of Life:
Womens Rights:
1) What do you mean by mournful
1) What is meant by inane abstraction?
numbers?
A state of noticing what is happening
Mournful numbers means sad songs.
around.
2) What journey is talked about here?
2) Explain sleep our life away.
The journey of life is talked about
Wasting ones life simply.
here.
3) What is meant by the cherished circle?
3) What are beating like muffled dreams?
The circle of friends, relatives and wellThe hearts of humans.
wishers.
4) What is meant by bivouac?
4) How do women want to live?
Bivouac means temporary stay of a
Women want to live a quiet and
person in this world.
peaceful life.
5) What is meant by strife?
5) Where do women claim to live?
Strife means striving.
Women claim to live in their houses.
6) When should we act?
6) What is the picture referred to here?
We should act immediately.
Imagination of the duties of woman.
A Noiseless, Patient Spider:
English Words:
1) What does the poet mean by leech
1) Where was the spider?
craft?
The spider was on a little promontory.
2) What is the filament?
Ancient treatment to suck the impure
blood
using leeches.
Filament is the thin, thread like
2) Which are the thorns in our flesh?
cobweb produced by the spider.
3) What is the spider ceaselessly doing?
Native tongues were the thorns in our
flesh.
The spider is ceaselessly musing,
3) What do winged seeds refer to?
venturing and throwing the thread.
Winged seeds refer to English words.
4) What does the gossamer thread stand
4)
Give
the meaning of the word Cluster.
for?
Cluster means Group.
It stands for hope.
5) What does you refer to?
You refer to English words.
Snake:
The Man he killed:
1) Who is referred to as someone & he?
1) Why did the narrator shot the other?
The Gold Yellow Snake.
The narrator shot the other because he
2) What & where is Etna?
was foe.
Etna is an active volcano & it is in
2) What do you mean by foe?
Sicily.
Foe mean by enemy.
3) What is meant by voice of education?
3) Who were staring face to face?
Knowledge about the snakes.
The poet & his friend were staring face to
4) What is the snake compared to?
face.
The snake is compared to a guest.
4) Who is the speaker what is infantry?
5) Who must be killed?
The soldier is the speaker and the group
Snake must be killed.
of military soldiers is an infantry.
6) Who was afraid?
5) What do you mean by list here?
The poet, D.H.Lawrence was afraid.
I mean joining the army by list.
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V.B. Read the poetic lines and answers the questions given below: (3x1=3)
Question No. 6163 Poetic Devices (3 Marks):
g[j;jfj;jpy;

cs;s

ghly;

thpfspy;

cs;s

,yf;fpa

ea';fis

mwpe;J

vLj;J

vGj

ntz;Lk;. ,yf;fpa ea';fshd Simile, Metaphor, Personification, Alliteration nghd;witfisg;

g[hpe;J

bfhs;s

ntz;Lk;.

mjw;fhd

tpsf;f';fs;

kw;Wk;

mit

fz;lwpa[k;

Kiw

fPnH

bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Some Important Poetic Devices

1. Simile:
Simile vd;gJ ,uz;L khWgl;l nghUl;fis Neubahf xg;gpLtJ. ,jpy; xg;gplg; gad;gLk;
thh;j;ijfs; like kw;Wk; as MFk;. Nghd;w (like) vd;w thh;j;ijAld; xg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
Ex: 1) Still, like muffled dreams, are beating
2) Like a king in exile.
2.Metaphor:
Metaphor vd;gJ ,uz;L khWgl;l nghUl;fis kiwKfkhf xg;gpLtJ. Mdhy; mit
,uz;bw;Fk; ,ilNa VNjDk; xU xw;Wik ,Uf;Fk;. Nghd;w (like) vd;w thh;j;ij ,y;yhkNy
xg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
Ex: 1) O winged seeds! You crossed the furrowed seas
To nestle in the warm and silent earth.
3.Personification:
Personification vd;gJ kdpjg; gz;Gfis capuw;w nghUl;fs; kPJ Vw;wpr; nrhy;tJ MFk;.
Ex: 1) A noiseless patient spider;
2) Art is long and time is fleeting.
4.Alliteration:
Alliteration vd;gJ nka;nahypapy; njhlq;Ffpd;w thh;j;ijfs; xNu thpapy; tUtJ MFk;.
Ex: 1) Tell me not, in mournful numbers,
2) And staring face to face,
5.Rhyming Words:
Rhyming words vd;gJ nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghly; thpfis cw;WNehf;fp mjd; thpapy; cs;s
filrp thh;j;ijfs; kw;Wk; mt;thh;j;ijfspd; xNu khjphpahd cr;rhpg;G Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;L
fz;Lgpbj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Ex: Tell me not, in mournful numbers,
Life is but an empty dream!
For the soul is dead that slumbers,
And things are not what they seem.
6.Rhyme Scheme:
Rhyme scheme vd;gJ nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghlypd; xt;nthU thpapYk; ,Wjpahf tUk;
thh;j;ijfSs; xNu xypapy; xypf;Fk; thh;j;ijfisf; fz;lwpe;J me;j thh;j;ijfSf;F fPo;f;fhZk;
tifapy; vLj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Ex: Had he and I but met
a
By some old ancient inn
b
We should have sat us down to wet
a
Right many a nipperkin
b

Poetic Devices in the Poems

1.A Psalm of Life:
1) Life is but an empty dream
2) Dust thou art, to dust returnest
3) Art is long, and time is fleeting
4) Still, like muffled drums, are beating
5) In the worlds broad field of battle
6) in the bivouac of life
7) Let the dead past bury its dead
8) Footprints on the sands of time
2.Womens Rights:
1) To sleep por life away,
2) As humble plants by country hedgerows growing

Metaphor
Allusion (The Holy Bible Genesis 3:19)
Personification
Simile
Metaphor
Metaphor
Personification (Biblical allusion St. Mathew 8:22)
Metaphor
Metaphor
Simile
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3. A Noiseless, Patient Spider:

1) Surrounded, detached, in measureless oceans of space
2) it launched forth filament, filament, filament, out of itself
3) Till the gossamer thread you fling catch
4) O my soul
4. English Words:
1) Speech that came like leech craft
2) Like a golden swarm of fireflies you came
3) That hung like clustered stars
4) O winging words. Like homing bees you borrow
5) You bleached our souls soiled with impurities
6) O tongues of fire! You came devouring
7) You were the dawn, and sunlight filled the spaces
8) To nestle in the warm and silent earth
9) In the beginning was the word, And the Word was God
5. Snake:
1) And, I like a second comer, waiting
2) he lifted his head from his drinking as cattle do
3) And looked at me vaguely, as drinking cattle do.
4) How glad I was he had come like a guest in quiet,
5) And lifted his head, dreamily, as one who has drunken,
6) And flickered his tongue like a forked night on the air, so black,
7) And looked around like a god, unseeing, into the air
8) Writhed like lightning, and was gone
9) For he seemed to me again like a king.
10) Like a king in exile
11) The voice of my education said to me
12) And voices in me said, If you were a man
13) On the day of Sicilian July, with Etna smoking.
14) and as he put his head, dreamily, as one who has drunken
15) And so, I missed my chance with one of the lords of life
6.The Man he killed:
1) Was out of work - had sold his traps

Metaphor
Repetition
Metaphor
Apostrophe

Simile

Metaphor

Biblical Allusion (John 1:1)

Simile

Personification
Personification
Historical Reference
Anaphora
Metaphor
Hyphens - Gap fillers

V. C. Explain any two of the following sets of lines with reference to the context: (2x3=6)

Question No. 6466 ERC (6 Marks):

g[j;jfj;;jpy; cs;s MW ghly;fspypUe;Jk; \d;W nfs;tpfs; nfl;fg;gl;oUf;Fk;.
mtw;wpy; ,uz;il ERC bra;J vGj ntz;Lk;. mtw;iw vg;go vGJtJ vd;gjw;fhd
tpsf;fk;/ ve;j ghlypypUe;J nfl;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gij vspjhf mwpe;J bfhs;tjw;fhf
Fwpg;g[ thh;j;ijfSk; fPnH cs;s fl;lj;jpy; bjspthff; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

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ERC
Order

Expansion

Reference

Context

Explanation

Method
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghly; thpfs; ve;j ghlypypUe;J vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
kw;Wk; vOjpa ftpQhpd; ngaiu vOj Ntz;Lk;.
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghly; thpfisg; gw;wp xU my;yJ ,U thp
tpsf;fk; vOj Ntz;Lk;.
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghly; thpfis KOikahf tpthpj;Jk;> tpsf;fpAk;
vOj Ntz;Lk;.

Example:
1. Tell me not, in mournful numbers,
Life is but an empty dream!
Reference : These lines are taken from the poem A Psalm of Life written by H.W.Longfellow.
Context
: The poet says this while criticizing the pessimistic view of life.
Explanation : People mourn that life is an empty dream and man is born to die. The poet advises
the readers to accept failures and misfortunes as part and parcel of human life. Life
is a real and serious business.

V.D. Answer any one paragraph from the following questions: (1x5=5)
Question No. 6769 Poem Paragraph (5 Marks):
Poem Paragraph-Ig; bghWj;jtiu Kjy; \d;W ghly;fspy; cs;s midj;J gj;jp
(Paragraph) nfs;tpfis bjspthf goj;Jf; bfhs;st[k;. bgUk;ghYk; ,f;nfs;tpapy; Kjy;
\d;W ghly;fspy; ,Ue;J VjhtJ xU nfs;tp nfl;fg;gLk;. vdnt mitfis kl;Lk;
bjspthf g[hpe;J itj;Jf; bfhz;L gog;gJ KG kjpg;bgz; fpilf;f tHptFf;Fk;.

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