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Location Selection of Wave Power Plant

The document discusses using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to identify the ideal location for installing a wave power plant. It describes selecting criteria of efficiency potential and cost potential and alternatives of significant wave height, wave amplitude, peak period, wind duration, depth of ocean, fetch, and wind speed. Matrices are developed to determine the weights of criteria and compare alternatives. Results show significant wave height is most important and Kochi, India has the highest power potential and is identified as the ideal location.

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95 views3 pages

Location Selection of Wave Power Plant

The document discusses using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to identify the ideal location for installing a wave power plant. It describes selecting criteria of efficiency potential and cost potential and alternatives of significant wave height, wave amplitude, peak period, wind duration, depth of ocean, fetch, and wind speed. Matrices are developed to determine the weights of criteria and compare alternatives. Results show significant wave height is most important and Kochi, India has the highest power potential and is identified as the ideal location.

Uploaded by

Nur Syahroni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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International Conference on Soft Computing Techniques in Engineering and Technology (ASCTET)-2016

Application of AHP in Location selection of Wave Power Plant


Tilottama Chakraborty*, Mrinmoy Majumder
*Assistant Professor, School of Hydro-Informatics Engineering, NIT, Agartala India, Email- [email protected],

Assistant Professo ,School of Hydro-Informatics Engineering, NIT, Agartala India, [email protected]

making (MCDM) method, which was used to estimate the


priority values of the factors, relevant to identify the ideal
location for wave power generation.

Keywords: Wave energy, Analytical Hierarchy Process,


Location selection for wave power generation.

Abstract

AHP: The AHP is a MCDM method introduced by


Thomas L. Saaty in 1980. It is based on the relative priorities
assigned to each criterions role in achieving the objective.
Whenever a goal for a decision can be clearly stated, a set of
relevant criteria can be determined and a set of alternatives
can be described using those criteria; AHP can be an
appropriate tool. In this method, the problem is broken down
into its constituent elements with the best alternative usually
being selected by making comparisons between alternatives
with respect to each attribute. AHP is widely used for
decision making problems like Evaluation of Renewable
Energy Project [5], Energy- Aware Decision making [6],
Project Quality Evaluation in Construction Engineering [7],
Power System [8] and Wind Energy [9].

The present study introduces a new way to identify location


where maximum utilization of ocean energy resources can be
possible with minimum expenditure. In this aspect, AHP was
used and, for the first time, cost and efficiency are used in an
objective manner to compare the selected important
parameters with respect to study objective. Results depict the
importance of wave height in selection of locations for
installation of wave power plants.

1 Introduction
Due to the energy crisis and various environmental
problems, studies on new technologies to exploit new
resources are taking place. The energy densities of various
sources of renewable energy show that the reliability of wave
energy is better than the other available sources of renewable
energy [1].
The total global theoretical wave energy potential
that is estimated to be 32,000TWh/yr (115 EJ/yr) [2], which
is approximately twice of the global electricity supply in 2008
(16,800 TWh/yr or 54 EJ/yr).
High power density, resource predictability, high
utilization factor and low environmental impact are the
advantages of wave energy with respect to other energy
resources [3]. In spite of various advantages, wave energy
utilization is still not much developed. Although wave energy
has a high potential to fulfil the energy demand, due to the
irregularity in wave patterns, survivability, complexity in
energy conversion as well as due to diffraction and reflection,
the cost of electricity generation via wave energy generation
is still relatively expensive [4]. Most of the obstacles, for
which the conversion of wave energy becomes non-optimal,
depend on location. One of the most important reasons for
this is lack of suitable methods to identify locations where
utilization efficiency will be maximum but cost will be
minimum. The present study proposes a new method to
identify the ideal location for wave power generation.

3 Detailed Methodology
Three main steps are involves in the AHP method viz.
selection of criteria and alternatives, comparative judgment of
the alternatives and extraction of the priority values [5]. Two
criteria and seven alternatives were identified from the survey
of literature, which has the significant importance in the
selection of location for wave power generation.
3.1
Selection of Criteria
3.1.1
Efficiency Potential: The commonly used equation
for calculating the power potential, as proposed by Pontes et
al. (1995) and Tucker and Pitt (2001), is given in Equation 1
P =

g 
T H
64 

1

WhereP = average wave power; H  =significant


wave height;T = peak period; = density of water; and
g = accelarationdue togravity.
As Hs squared is directly proportional to Pw, the
efficiency potential of location with a high magnitude wave
height will have a higher level of conversion efficiency. The
relative score was calculated by Equation 2
#
2
#$ = 
()
%&' #

2 Methods Applied
The objective was accomplished by the adaptation of
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Multicriteria decision-

International Conference on Soft Computing Techniques in Engineering and Technology (ASCTET)-2016

where # = 1,2, . . ,7; %&'# = 7.


3.1.2 Cost Potential: The cost potential of parameters
depends on the proportionality of the parameter to the
mooring cost or the cost required to hold the converters in
place.
The score of the parameters for the cost potential was
calculated by Equation 3; here if C is the difference in cost
for two different locations and Hs is the change in the wave
height, then the cost potential of wave height can be
represented by Equation 3.
C
C=
3
H
C
P

Fig. 1: Procedure of the present study


4

3.4 Study Area


Two locations (Fig.2) in the west coast region of
India were selected for this study, namely Kochi (100N, 760E)
and Goa (150N, 73.750E). The power potential per meter of
wave crest of 20 KW was found in Kochi (100N, 760E), 15.90
KW in Goa (150N, 73.750E) (calculated using Equation 1).

The general equation for the estimation of the cost potential


for the parameter is depicted in Equation 4
Where P
P is the change in the magnitude of the
parameter with respect to locations.
3.2

Selection of Alternatives

Seven different alternatives were selected for the present


investigationn from the survey of literature, experts and
stakeholders and their relationship with the power potential is
given below:
1)
Significant Wave height (Hs): Power production is
directly proportional to the square of the significant wave
height [11].
2)
Wave amplitude (a): Power is directly proportional
to the amplitude. The greater the amplitude of a wave then the
more energy it is carrying [12].
3)
Peak Period (Te): Power is directly proportional to
the Peak Period [10].
4)
Wind Duration (WD): Power is directly proportional
to the Peak Period. The greater the wind blow there is a more
chance to generation of wave [10].
5)
Depth of the Ocean (OD): Wave period is a function
of ocean depth. This means that the depth of the ocean
influences the power potential [10].
6)
Fetch (F): With the highest fetch there is an increase
in wave energy power[10] .
7)
Wind speed (WS): Significant Wave Height is also
dependent on wave amplitude, wind speed, which indicated
power potential depends on wind speed [10].
3.3

Fig. 2: Location map of the study area

Aggregation Method

First step of the aggregation method is to determine the


weights of each of the criteria. A [22]
2] matrix was developed
to achieve this result.
In second step, alternatives were compared to each other with
respect to each of the criteria and for this two [77] matrix
were formed with respect to each of the criteria.
In the last step, with the determined values of two criteria and
seven alternatives, a matrix multiplication
plication has been done to
find the priority value of each of the parameters.
paramete
The
procedure of the present study is shown in fig.1.

Results and Discussion

4.1

AHP

4.1.1

Criteria and Relativee Weights


Rank

Sl.
No.

Parameters

Efficiency

Cost

Significant Wave
height

Wave amplitude

Peak Period

Wind Duration

International Conference on Soft Computing Techniques in Engineering and Technology (ASCTET)-2016

Depth of the Ocean

Fetch

Wind speed

Assessing the global wave energy potential, Proc.


29th Int. Conf. Offshore Mech. Artic Eng., no. 2008,
pp. 18, (2010).
[3]

U. Henfridsson, V. Neimane, K. Strand, R. Kapper,


H. Bernhoff, O. Danielsson, M. Leijon, J. Sundberg,
K. Thorburn, E. Ericsson, and K. Bergman, Wave
energy potential in the Baltic Sea and the Danish part
of the North Sea, with reflections on the Skagerrak,
Renew. Energy, volume 32, no. 12, pp. 20692084,
(2007).

[4]

A. F. de O. Falcao, Wave energy utilization: A


review of the technologies, Renew. Sustain. Energy
Rev., volume 14, no. 3, pp. 899918, (2010).

[5]

A. Malik, M. Al Badi, A. Al Kahali, Y. Al Nabhani,


A. Al Bahri, H. Al Barhi, and A. Khod-, Evaluation
of Renewable Energy Projects Using Multi-Criteria
Approach, In Global Humanitarian Technology
Conference (GHTC), IEEE , pp. 350-355, (2014).

[6]

L. Benedicenti, AHP and Soft Computing for


Energy-Aware Decision-Making, 2016 30th Int.
Conf. Adv. Inf. Netw. Appl. Work., pp. 273275,
(2016).

[7]

H. Shao and H. Fu, Construction Engineering


Project Quality Evaluation Method Based on Fuzzy
Analytic Hierarchy Process, 2015 Int. Conf. Intell.
Transp. Big Data Smart City, volume 2, pp. 228231,
(2015).

[8]

J. S. Bhonsle and A. S. Junghare, Application of


MCDM - AHP technique for PMU placement in
power system, Proc. - 2015 IEEE Int. Conf. Comput.
Intell. Commun. Technol. CICT 2015, pp. 513517,
(2015).

[9]

Table 3 shows the ideal location for wave energy production


is location 1 (Kochi (100N, 760E). It is also shown in the case
study that the maximum power potential is in the Location 1.

R. Mogre, S. Talluri, and F. DAmico, A Decision


Framework to Mitigate Supply Chain Risks: An
Application in the Offshore-Wind Industry, IEEE
Trans. Eng. Manag., pp. 110, (2016).

[10]

Brooke, John. Wave energy conversion. volume 6.


Elsevier, (2003).

5 Conclusion

[11]

R. G. Dean, R. A. Dalrymple, Water wave


mechanics for engineers and scientists, Eos, volume
66, pp.490-49, (1991).

[12]

S.M. Causal, A note on the derivation of potential


energy for two-dimensional water waves. Ocean
Engineering, volume 10, pp.133-138, (1983).

Table 1: The rank of each parameter with respect to the


selected criteria

Name of the parameters

AHP

Significant Wave height


Wave amplitude
Wind Speed
Peak period
Wind Duration
Depth of the Ocean
Fetch

0.588
0.278
0.201
0.495
0.385
0.145
0.089

Table 2: The relative weights or priority values of each


parameter according to the AHP method
The rank of each parameter according to criteria is
depicted in Table 1. According to the Table 2, the significant
wave height and fetch are the most important and least
important parameters, respectively.
Location
Location 1- Kochi
(100N, 760E)
Location 2- Goa
(150N, 73.750E)

AHP

Power
Potential

1.2307

20.00 KW

1.1067

15.90 KW

Table 3: The priority value of the location according to the


AHP MCDM method

The present study attempts to develop a new method to


identify the ideal location for wave power generation plant.
This method is made objective by the application of AHP,
where wave amplitude become the most influential factor in
identifying the ideal location for wave energy power plant. To
identify this, AHP method is applied in the western cost of
India to identify the ideal location between two locations.
References
[1]

S. Ghosh, T. Chakraborty, S. Saha, M. Majumder,


and M. Pal, Development of the location suitability
index for wave energy production by ANN and
MCDM techniques, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.,
volume 59, pp. 10171028, (2016).

[2]

G. Mork, S. Barstow, A. Kabuth, and M. T. Pontes,


3

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