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Reverse Power Relay - Function and Operation

A reverse power relay monitors power flow in generators running in parallel to prevent reverse power conditions. It is used to detect if a generator is motoring rather than generating due to a prime mover failure. A reverse power condition occurs when there is a drop in a generator's frequency causing power to flow from the bus into the generator. The relay is set to trip if power flow exceeds 20-50% of the generator's motoring power requirement to turn the prime mover.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

803 views3 pages

Reverse Power Relay - Function and Operation

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Nirav Patel

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ASCOSwitchgear
ParallelingSwitchgearfor,CriticalPowerReliability

A reverse power relay is a directional power relay that is used to monitor the power from a
generator running in parallel with another generator or the utility. The function of the reverse
powerrelayistopreventareversepowerconditioninwhichpowerflowsfromthebusbarinto
thegenerator.Thisconditioncanoccurwhenthereisafailureintheprimemoversuchasan
engineoraturbinewhichdrivesthegenerator.
CausesofReversePower
Thefailurecanbecausedtoastarvationof
fuel in the prime mover, a problem with the
speed controller or an other breakdown.
When the prime mover of a generator
running in a synchronized condition fails.
There is a condition known as motoring,
where the generator draws power from the
bus bar, runs as a motor and drives the
prime mover. This happens as in a
synchronizedconditionallthegeneratorswillhavethesamefrequency.Anydropinfrequency
inonegeneratorwillcausetheotherpowersourcestopumppowerintothegenerator.Theflow
ofpowerinthereversedirectionisknownasthereversepowerrelay.
Another cause of reverse power can occur during synchronization. If the frequency of the
machine to be synchronized is slightly lesser than the bus bar frequency and the breaker is
closed, power will flow from the bus bar to the machine. Hence, during
synchronization(forward), frequency of the incoming machine is kept slight higher than that of
thebusbari.e.thesynchroscopeismadetorotateinthe"Toofast"direction.Thisensuresthat
themachinetakesonloadassoonasthebreakerisclosed.
SettingtheReversePowerRelay
Thereversepowerrelayisusuallysetto20%to50%ofthemotoringpowerrequiredbyprime
mover. By motoring power we mean the power required by the generator to drive the prime
mover at the rated rpm. This is usually obtained from the manufacturer of the prime mover
(turbineorengine).

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