104 Easy Sanskrit

zaSai[
Scriptures

Five well known lokas from rmad Vlmki Rmyaam, rmad Bhagavad Gt,
rmad Bhgavatam, Manusmti, Upaniads and Raghuvama are given below along
with their prose order. With the knowledge that you have gained from this
study of Sanskrit you should be able to grasp the meaning of these verses.

13.1 ImaLmIikramay[m!
rmad Vlmki Rmyaam

1. Sage Vivmitra to Daaratha

Ah< vei mhaTman< ram< sTypramm!,
visae=ip mhateja ye ceme tpis iSwta>.
The glorious sage Vasiha and all those who are steadfast in austerity and I
know the great Rma as the possessor of true prowess. (Blaka 19.14)
Prose Order:
Ah< sTypram< mhaTman< (#it) ram< vei, mhateja vis> #me ye tpis iSwta> c Aip
(ivdiNt),

2. King Daaratha to Sage Vivmitra

^n;aefzv;aeR me ramae rajIvlaecn>,
n yuyaeGytamSy pZyaim sh ra]sE>.
My lotus-eyed Rma is less than sixteen years old. I do not perceive his
capacity to wage war with the Rkasas. (Blaka 20.2)
Prose Order:
me rajIvlaecn> ram> ^n;aefzv;R> (vit), ASy ra]sE> sh yuyaeGyta< n pZyaim,
3. Sage Vivmitra to r Rma and Lakmaa
kaEsLyasuja ram pUvaR sNXya vtR t ,
e
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%i nrzaRl ktRVy< dEvmaikm!.

O Rma! the worthy son of Kausaly, the morning twilight has set in. Get up.
O tiger among men! Contemplation on the deity and the daily duties have to
be performed. (Blaka 23.2)
Prose Order:
he ram, kaEsLyasuja, pUvaR sNXya vtR t e, nrzaRl %i, dEvm! Aaikm! ktRVym!,

4. Janaka to r Rma
#y< sIta mm suta shxmRcrI tv,
tICD cEna< < te pai[< g&I:v pai[na.
This St, my daughter, is your companion in discharging your sacred duties.
Take her hand in your own and accept her. May good betide you. (Blaka
73.26)
Prose Order:
#y< sIta mm suta tv shxmRcrI (vit), @na< c tICD pai[na pai[< g&I:v, te m!
(AStu),

5. Sumitr to Lakmaa
ram< dzrw< ivi ma< ivi jnkaTmjam!,
AyaeXyamqvI < ivi gCD tat ywasuom!.
Consider Rma to be Daaratha, look upon St as myself, experience the
forest as Ayodhy and depart happily, my dear. (Ayodhyka 40.9)
Prose Order:
tat, ram< dzrw< ivi, jnkaTmja< ma< ivi, AqvI < AyaeXya< ivi, ywasuo< gCD,

106 Easy Sanskrit

13.2 ImgvIta
rmad Bhagavad Gt

1. kmR{yevaixkarSte ma )le;u kdacn,

ma kmR)lhetuRU> ma te sae=STvkmRi[.
Thy right is to work only but never to its fruits; let the fruit of action be not thy
motive, nor let thy attachment be to inaction. (Chapter 2.47)
Prose Order:
kmRi[ @v te Aixkar>, )le;u ma kdacn, kmR)lhetu> ma U>, te s> AkmRi[ ma
AStu,

2. yda yda ih xmRSy GlainRvit art,

A_yuTwanmxmRSy tdaTman< s&jaMyhm!.
Whenever there is decay of righteousness, O Bhrata, and unrighteousness, is
on the rise, then I manifest Myself. (Chapter 4.7)
Prose Order:
he art, yda yda ih xmRSy Glain> vit, AxmRSy A_yuTwan< (vit), tda Ahm!
AaTman< s&jaim,

3. pira[ay saxUna< ivnazay c :ktam!,

xmRs<SwapnawaRy sMvaim yuge yuge.
I am born in every age for the protection of the good, for the destruction of the
wicked, and for the establishment of righteousness. (Chapter 4.8)
Prose Order:
saxUna< pira[ay, :kta< ivnazay, xmRsS< wapnawaRy c, yuge yuge sMvaim,a

4. p< pu:p< )l< taey< yae me KTya yCDit,

tdh< KTyuptmaim ytaTmn>.
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Whoever offers Me with devotion a leaf, a flower, a fruit, water, that I accept,
offered by the pure minded with devotion. (Chapter 9.26)
Prose Order:
y> me p< pu:p< )l< taey< KTya yCDit ytaTmn>, KTya %pt< tt! Ahm! Aaim,

svRxmaRNpirTyJy mamek< zr[< j,

Ah< Tva svRpape_yae mae]iy:yaim ma zuc>.
Abandoning all dharmas, take refuge in Me alone; I will liberate thee from all
sins; grieve not. (Chapter 18.66)
Prose Order:
svRxmaRn! pirTyJy mam! @k< zr[< j, Ah< svRpape_y> Tva mae]iy:yaim, ma zuc>,

13.3 Imagvtm!
rmad Bhgavatam

1. inzIwe tm %te jaymane jnadne,

devKya< devip{ya< iv:[u> svRguhazy>,
AaivrasId!! ywa aCya< idzINirv pu:kl>.
In the pitch darkness of midnight, Mahviu, the dweller of all hearts, was
born of the divinely beautiful Devak, like the full moon rising on the eastern
horizon. (Skandha 10.3.8)
Prose Order:
svRguhazy> iv:[u> inzIwe tm> %te e jaymane jnadne devKya< devip{ya< ywa aCya<
idiz pu:kl> #N> #v AaivrasIt! ,

2. tv ivIift< k:[ n&[a< prmmlm!,

k[RpIyU;maSva* TyjTyNySp&ha< jn>.
O Ka! hearing about your holy and auspicious sports, which is a real nectar
108 Easy Sanskrit

for the ear, the people leave all other desires. (Skandha 11.6.44)
Prose Order:
he k:[, n&[a< prmml< k[RpIyU;< tv ivIift< jn> AaSva* ANySp&ha< Tyjit,

3. svvedaNtsar< ih Iagvtim:yte,
tsam&tt&PtSy naNy Syad! rit> Kvict! .
This Bhgavata being the essence of all Vednta, it is natural that one who is
satisfied in its study does not feel interest in any other text. (Skandha 12.13.15)
Prose Order:
Iagvt< svvedaNtsar< ih #:yte, tt!! rsam&tt&PtSy ANy Kvict! rit> n Syat!,

4. n olu gaeipkanNdnae vanioldeihnamNtraTmdk!,

ivonsaiwRtae ivguPtye so %deiyvan! saTvta< kle.
O Friend! you are not merely the Gopik's son, but the witness of the inner
essence of all embodied beings. Prayed by Brahm, you have risen in the clan
of the Yadus for the protection of the world. (Skandha 10.31.4)
Prose Order:
so van! n olu gaeipkanNdn>, Aioldeihna< ANtraTmk ivonsaiwRt> (van!)
ivguPtye saTvta< kle %deiyvan!,

5. inrpe]< muin< zaNt< invERr< smdzRnm!,

AnujaMyh< inTy< pUyeyeTyi'!re[iu >.
I always follow the sage who desires nothing, who is always tranquil and who
has enmity to none in order that I may get purified by the dust of his feet.
(Skandha 11.14.16)
Prose Order:
Ah< Ai'!re[ui> pUyeyet! (#it icNtyn!) inrpe]< invERr< smdzRn< zaNt< muin< inTym!
Anujaim,

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13.4 mnuSm&it>
Manusmti

1. n jatu kam> kamanamupaegen zaMyit,

hiv;a k:[vTmeRv Uy @vaivxR t e.
Desire is never satisfied by the enjoyment of its objects. Like fire fed with
ghee, it only flares up all the more. (Chapter 2.94)
Prose Order:
kam> kamanam! %paegen n jatu zaMyit, hiv;a k:[vTm #v Uy> @v Aivxte,

2. uTva Sp&!va c !va c uKTva aTva c yae nr>,

n :yit Glayit va s iv}eyae ijteiNy>.
One who, having heard, having touched, having seen, having tasted and
having smelt does not become joyful nor sink in sorrow, is declared as one
who has conquered his senses. (Chapter 2.98)
Prose Order:
y> nr> uTva Sp&!va !va uKTva aTva n :yit Glayit va s> ijteiNy> iv}ey>,

3. sv< prvz< du>o< svmaTmvz< suom!,

@ti*aTsmasen l][< suodu>oyae>.
Sorrow is for one who depends on the external world; joy for one who
depends on one's own self. Know this to be the nature of joy and sorrow.
(Chapter 4.160)
Prose Order:
sv< prvz< du>om!, svm! AaTmvz< suom!, @tt! suodu>oyae> l][< smasen iv*at!,

4. xm @v htae hiNt xmaeR r]it ri]t>,

tSmamaeR n hNtVyae ma nae xmaeR htae=vxIt!.
Dharma destroys its destroyer. Dharma protects its protector. Therefore
110 Easy Sanskrit

virtues should not be destroyed. Let not such dharma (which has been
destroyed) destroy us. (Chapter 8.15)
Prose Order:
ht> xmR> @v hiNt, ri]t> xmR> r]it, tSmat! xmR> n hNtVy>, ht> xmR> n> ma
AvxIt! ,

5. A}e_yae iNwn> ea> iNw_yae xair[ae vra>,

xair_yae }ainn> ea> }ain_yae Vyvsaiyn>.
Greater than the ignorant are those who have read the scriptures. Still greater
are those who have memorized them. Greater still are those who know their
meaning. The best are those who put them to practice. (Chapter 12.103)
Prose Order:
A}e_y> ea> iNwn>, iNw_y> vra> xair[>, xair_y> ea> }ainn>, }ain_y> Vyvsaiyn>
(ea>),

13.5 %pin;d!
Upaniad

1. a sup[aR syuja soaya sman< v&]< pir;Svjate,

tyaerNy> ipPpl< Svai AnNyae AicakzIit.
Two birds bound to one other in close friendship, perch on the same tree. One
of them eats the fruits of the tree with relish, while the other looks on without
eating. (Muakopaniad 3.1.1)
Prose Order:
syuja soaya a sup[aR sman< v&]< pir;Svjate, tyae> ANy> Sva ipPplm! Ai,
ANy> Ann! AicakzIit,
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2. [vae xnu> zrae aTma tLlymuCyte,

Amen veVy< zrvt! tNmyae vet!.
The Praava is the bow, the tman is the arrow and Brahman is said to be its
mark. It should be hit by one who is self-collected and the one who
hits becomes, like the arrow, one with the mark, which is Brahman.
(Muakopaniad 2.2.4)
Prose Order:
xnu> [v>, zr> ih AaTma, ly< tt! %Cyte, Amen veVy<, zrvt! tNmy> vet!,

3. %it jat aPy vran! inbaext,

]urSy xara inizta rTyya g< pwStt! kvyae vdiNt.
Arise, awake; having reached the great teachers realize that tman. Like the
sharp edge of a razor is that path, difficult to cross and hard to tread thus say
the wise. (Kahopaniad 1.3.14)
Prose Order:
%it, jat, vran! aPy inbaext, kvy> tt! pw> ]urSy xara inizta rTyya g<
(#it) vdiNt,

4. AaTman< riwn< ivi zrIr< rwmev tu,

bui< tu sariw< ivi mn> hmev c.
Know the tman as the Lord of the chariot, and the body as the chariot. Know
the intellect as the charioteer and the mind verily as the reins. (Kahopaniad
1.3.3)
Prose Order:
AaTman< riwn< ivi, zrIr< @v tu rwm! (#it ivi), bui< tu sariw< ivi, mn> hm! @v
c (#it ivi),

5. #iNyai[ hyanahu> iv;ya<Ste;u gaecran!,

112 Easy Sanskrit

AaTmeiNymnaeyuKt< aeKteTyahumRnIi;[>.
The senses, they say, are the horses, and their roads are the sense objects.
When an individual is united with the body, the sense and the mind, the wise
call him the enjoyer. (Kahopaniad 1.3.4)
Prose Order:
#iNyai[ hyan! Aahu>, iv;yan! te;u gaecran! (Aahu>), AaTmeiNymnaeyuKt< aeKta #it
mnIi;[> Aahu>,

13.6. r"uvz
< >
Raghuvaa

1. vagwaivv sMp&KtaE vagwRitpye,

jgt> iptraE vNde pavRtIprmeZvraE.
I bow down to Prvat and Paramevara, the world parents, who like word
and meaning are unified, so that I may attain right knowledge of word and
sense. (Sarga 1.1)
Prose Order:
vak-AwR-itpye vagwaRivv sMp&KtaE jgt> iptraE pavRtIprmeZvraE (Ah<) vNde,

2. tavuavip prSpriSwtaE vxRmanpirhIntejsaE,

pZyit Sm jnta idnaTyye pavR[aE zizidvakraivv.
Standing face to face in opposition, on the full moon day, the people beheld
them (Rma and Paraurma) like the sun and the moon at the end of the day,
with the glory of the one waxing and that of the other waning. (Sarga 11.82)
Prose Order:

pavR[aE idnaTyye zizidvakraE #v taE %aE Aip prSpriSwtaE vxRmanpirhIntejsaE jnta

pZyit Sm,
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3. s sItalm[so> sTyat! gumlaepyn!,

ivvez d{fkar{y< Tyek< c sta< mn>.
With Lakmaa and St for companions, helping his father not to stray from
truth, Rma entered the Daaka forest, and the heart of every good man.
(Sarga 12.9)
Prose Order:
s> sItalm[so> sTyat! gum! Alaepyn! , d{fkar{y< Tyek< sta< mn> c ivvez,

4. v&aE %plBxaya< tSya> sMpaitdzRnat!,

mait> sagr< tI[R> s<sar< #v inmRm>.
On meeting Sampti they got news of St. Mruti crossed the ocean, as a
selfless soul transcends this transitory life. (Sarga 12.60)
Prose Order:
sMpaitdzRnat! tSya> v&aE %plBxaya< inmRm> s<sarm! #v mait> sagr< tI[R>,

5. s setu< bNxyamas PlvgE> lv[aMis,

rsatlat! #v %NmGn< ze;< SvPnay zaiR[>.
Across the briny sea, with the help of the monkeys he built a bridge which
resembled ea rising from the nether regions for Viu to sleep on. (Sarga
12.70)
Prose Order:
s> PlvgE> lv[aMis zaiR[> SvPnay rsatlat! %NmGn< ze;m! #v setu< bNxyamas,

< ivnazay c xmRs<SwapnawaRy yuge yu

 Transliteration and Pronunciation
In this book, Devangar characters have been transliterated according to the
scheme adopted by the International Congress of Orientalists at Athens in
1912. One fixed pronunciation value is given to each letter; f, q, w, x and z are
not called to use. According to this scheme:

sounds like sounds like

A a o in son f! d in dog
Aa a in master F! h dh in godhood
# i in if [! n in under
$ ee in feel t! t
% u u in full w! th th in thumb
^ oo in boot d! d th in then
\ ri in rim x! dh theh in breathe
here
@ e a in evade n! n
@e ai y in my p! p
Aae o )! ph ph in loop hole
AaE au ow in now b! b
k k ! bh bh in abhor
o! kh ckh in blockhead m! m
g! g (hard) y! y
"! gh gh in log-hut r! r
'! ng l! l
c! c ch in chuckle v! v in avert
D! ch chh in catch him z! sh in shut
j! j ;! s in sugar
H! jh dgeh in hedgehog s! s
|! n in banyan h! h
q! t in tank <
Q! h th in ant-hill > (half h)