CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE GUAYAQUIL
FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
SUBJECT
ENGLISH VI
ESSAY
TOPIC:
DIABETES
TEACHER:
CARLOS VALLE
INTEGRANT :
ROSA OSORIO LEN
MARIUXI VARGAS ORTIZ
2017
GUAYAQUIL- ECUADOR
DIABETES
Diabetes is a disease that affects the population without differentiating condition
or age group; people with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing a series of
serious health problems. To be a chronic non-transmissible, it is incurable and
progressive without a proper treatment. Diabetes also called diabetes mellitus is
a metabolic disease characterized by the increase in blood glucose levels
normal is greater than 110 mg/dl. Is classified into two types: type 2 diabetes
type 1 (DM1) diabetes type 2 (DM2)
Type 1 diabetes usually begins in youth (before the age of 30 years) causing
the destruction of the cells in the pancreas that are responsible for the formation
and release of the hormone insulin. Insulin is necessary for glucose to the blood
from food to be absorbed and used by all cells. If there is not enough insulin are
increased (blood sugar) levels leading to complications in the short and long
term, such as: Retinopathy: is the effect of the eye and can lead to blindness;
Nephropathy: is the effect of the kidney and may result in kidney failure;
Neuropathy: insensitivity to the nerve endings which leads to skin conditions
(finger, heels), tingling, muscle problems, etc.; Heart problems and brain.
The symptoms of diabetes type 1 are: intense thirst (polydipsia), increase the
amount of urine (polyuria), excess appetite (POLYPHAGIA), weight loss,
Exhaustion, prone to infection.
Diabetes Type 2 affects, above all, to older adults, for what used to be known as
diabetes senile. The pancreas is able to release insulin, however, the cells of
the body that need it have less sensitivity, so the insulin not being used is going
to stay in the blood thus raising the blood glucose levels.
You can remain asymptomatic for a long time and go unnoticed until they
appear late effects. Some of the symptoms we have: Increased thirst and
hunger, frequent urination, Weight Loss, Vision Blurred, Feeling tired, infections
in the skin, gums, or bladder, healing of injuries or bruises slower than usual
The treatment of diabetes can be pharmacological (oral hypoglycemic agents or
insulin) and nutritional status. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin administration on
a regular basis to compensate for the lack of this hormone. In contrast, people
with diabetes type 2 can be improved by changing your lifestyle, exercising
regularly, maintaining a normal weight and following a balanced diet by
improving the level of glucose in the blood.
Insulin is necessary for cells to be able to absorb and transform the glucose
from food. It is formed in the cells of the pancreas. After a meal, the pancreas
releases insulin into the blood to pass the glucose from food if this is not the
case stays in the blood and blood glucose levels increase and the cells are
unable to use their main source of energy.
Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease that affects more people in the
world. Most of these people are diabetic type 2 and only about 5% are diabetics
type 1. As well, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that diabetics
type 2 represents the 90% of the world population with diabetes, attributing it to
a large extent to the physical inactivity and, above all, to overweight and
obesity. According to data from the WHO, in 2012, at least 1.5 million people
died from diabetes, it is estimated that in 2030 diabetes is the seventh leading
cause of death in the world.
Between 40 and 60 years there are more men than women with diabetes type
2, but after 60 years it reverses the proportion and in adults older than 75 years
of age, the prevalence is around 41% in women and 37% in men. The chances
of having diabetes increases with age. It is the non-communicable chronic
disease that has had a greater increase in incidence in the 21st century.
Diabetes type 2 is associated with obesity in the majority of cases. On the other
hand, experts do not rule out that the economic crisis has induced changes in
lifestyle and diet, as well as other aspects such as anxiety, insomnia, stress,
and the frequency of psychiatric illnesses that facilitate obesity and insulin
resistance.
Another of the causes of diabetes mellitus type 2 is caused when cells do not
respond to or do not produce insulin due to an excessive contribution food
causing the cells to capture less glucose from the blood, maintaining high levels
of the same and thus closing a vicious circle.
The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is established on the basis of the glucose
levels in the blood, urine, and the symptoms. Through some tests such as
analysis of the urine or also. Glucose tolerance test.
A healthy diet is very important for all people with diabetes, especially for
diabetics type 2. The overweight is often a cause of the disease. In diabetes, a
balanced diet and regular exercise reduce weight, which improves the levels of
glucose in the blood. It is better to eat several small meals a day (between five
and six) that few large meals, because the fluctuations of the need of insulin
throughout the day are smaller.
A low-fat diet combined with plenty of fruit and vegetables is beneficial. The
wholegrain products released the carbohydrate more slowly and thus contribute
to ensure a level of glucose in the blood. You should avoid foods that contain
carbohydrates that are easy to digest, such as pure glucose or sugar for
cooking; use stevia sweeteners such as alcohol consumption should be limited
as it increases the risk of hypoglycemia.
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