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Transformer 1

1. A step up transformer increases the voltage by having more turns of wire in the secondary coil than the primary coil. 2. The transformer equation relates the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils to the voltages, where a higher number of turns in the secondary coil produces a higher output voltage. 3. Electricity is transmitted at high voltages on pylons or buried cables to reduce energy loss, and transformers are used to increase the voltage for transmission and decrease it for use in homes and factories.

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Yenny Tiga
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146 views1 page

Transformer 1

1. A step up transformer increases the voltage by having more turns of wire in the secondary coil than the primary coil. 2. The transformer equation relates the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils to the voltages, where a higher number of turns in the secondary coil produces a higher output voltage. 3. Electricity is transmitted at high voltages on pylons or buried cables to reduce energy loss, and transformers are used to increase the voltage for transmission and decrease it for use in homes and factories.

Uploaded by

Yenny Tiga
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A step up transformer has more turns of wire on the secondary coil,


which makes a larger induced voltage in the secondary coil.
It is called a step up transformer because the voltage output
is larger than the voltage input.
If the secondary coil has twice as many turns of wire
then the output voltage will be twice the input voltage.

The transformer equation relates the number of turns of wire


to the difference in voltage between the primary and secondary coils.

Vp
/Vs = Np/Ns
Where Vp is the voltage in the primary coil.
Vs is the voltage in the secondary coil.
Np is the number of turns of wire on the primary coil.
Ns is the number of turns of wire on the secondary coil.

It is called a step down transformer because the voltage output


is smaller than the voltage input.
If the secondary coil has half as many turns of wire
then the output voltage will be half the input voltage
(see transformer equation).

Decreasing the voltage does not decrease the power.


As the voltage goes down, the current goes up.

Electricity is generated on a large scale at power stations


and then transmitted through cables (called the National Grid)
to factories and homes. Copper cables carrying the electricity are buried in the ground
or aluminium cables are suspended from pylons.
Aluminium is used because it has a low density
and can safely be suspended from inexpensive thin pylons.
Pylons have the disadvantage that they look ugly on the landscape
but have the advantage of easy access to the cables
for maintenance and repair.
Transmission using pylons is cheaper than burying cables underground.

Transformers are used to produce a very high voltage


for the transmission of electricity, to minimize energy loss.

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