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Rheology of Hyperconcentrated Flows

This document discusses the rheology of hyperconcentrated flows. It presents a quadratic rheological equation that describes the total shear stress as the sum of yield stress, viscous stress, turbulent stress, and dispersive stress. It describes methods for measuring yield stress and viscosity. Dimensionless models are introduced to characterize flows as viscous, turbulent, or dispersive based on dimensionless shear stress and velocity gradient. The dominant stresses determine the flow type as either a mudflow, mud flood, or debris flow.

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Bouhadjar Meguenni
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160 views22 pages

Rheology of Hyperconcentrated Flows

This document discusses the rheology of hyperconcentrated flows. It presents a quadratic rheological equation that describes the total shear stress as the sum of yield stress, viscous stress, turbulent stress, and dispersive stress. It describes methods for measuring yield stress and viscosity. Dimensionless models are introduced to characterize flows as viscous, turbulent, or dispersive based on dimensionless shear stress and velocity gradient. The dominant stresses determine the flow type as either a mudflow, mud flood, or debris flow.

Uploaded by

Bouhadjar Meguenni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RHEOLOGY OF

HYPERCONCENTRATED FLOWS

Pierre Y. Julien
Colorado State University
Engineering Research Center

1
Objective

Provide guidelines on the rheology of


hyperconcentrated flows
Rheology of Hyperconcentrated
Sediment Flows
Total shear stress :
= y + v + t + d
Yield stress
Viscous stress
Turbulent stress
Dispersive stress
Quadratic rheological equation
(OBrien and Julien, 1985)

du du 2
= y + dy + dy

Yield
stress

y = c + mc
Yield Stress Measurements

Julien (2010)
Quadratic rheological equation
(OBrien and Julien, 1985)

du du 2
= y + dy + dy

Yield Viscous
stress stress

y = c + mc
Viscosity Measurements

Julien (2010)
Example of rheometer measurements

Cv = 0.38
y = 13 Pa
= 0.022 Pa.s


Quadratic rheological equation
(OBrien and Julien, 1985)

du du 2
= y + dy + dy

Yield Viscous Turbulent Dispersive


stress stress stress stress

2 2 2
y = c + mc = m lm + ais ds
Dimensionless rheological model
(Julien and Lan, 1991)

= 1 + (1 + d*)aiDv*
2
- y mlm s 2 d2s du
*
= d* = D*v =

du ais 2d2s dy
dy

Low * High d* High Dv*

Viscous Turbulent Dispersive


Flow Flow Flow
Dimensionless rheological model
Dispersive - Turbulent

Dispersive < > Turbulent

Julien and Paris, ASCE-JHE (2010)


Flow Classification
Dominant stress - Flow Type

Viscous Mudflow
Dv* < 30

Turbulent Mud Flood


Dv* > 400 and d*>1

Dispersive Debris Flow


Dv* > 400 and d*<1
Mudflow
High viscosity and
yield stress
High
concentration of
silts and clays
45% < Cv < 55%
Low velocity
Low Froude
Number
No abrasion
Large flow depths
High pressure
Mud Flow, from OBrien
Mudflow

Mud Flow, from OBrien


Mud Flood

Turbulent
Non-cohesive
particles
Cv as high as 40%
High velocity
High Froude
Number
Abrasive
Mud Flood, from OBrien
Mud Flood

Mud Flood, Nojiri River in Japan


Debris Flow
Dispersive
Large clastic
particles
Non cohesive
Low viscosity
High velocity
Destructive impact
force

Debris Flow in Japan from Takahashi


Debris Flow

San Julian, Venezuela in 1999


San Julian, Venezuela in 1999
Conclusions
The rheology of hyperconcentrated flows is very
important to determine the type of flow.

Mudflows exhibit high yield and viscous stresses

Mud floods are predominantly turbulent

Debris flows have dominant dispersive stress


THANK YOU!

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