Ring Documentation, Release 1.

Executing code during code generation, 593 Scope Rules, 528

Filtering using Expressions, 593 Constructor methods in Ring
function prototype, 589 Frequently Asked Questions, 789
Introduction, 588 Contact the Autor
Prefix for Functions Names, 591 Resources, 825
Qt configuration file, 597 Control Structures
Register New Functions, 592 Branching, 82
Threads Support, 595 Looping, 93
Using configuration file that wrap C++ library, 597 Control Structures - First Style
Using the tool, 589 Comments about evaluation, 87
Wrap structures, 591 Do Again Loop, 85
Wrapping C++ Classes, 596 Exit, 85
CodeEditor Class Exit from two loops, 85
RingQt Classes Reference, 761 Exit/Loop inside sub functions, 86
Command Line Options For In Loop, 84
CGI Support, 562 for in to modify lists, 84
Generate Object File, 563 For Loop, 83
Introduction, 548 Introduction, 81
No Run, 562 Loop Command, 86
Performance, 562 Looping, 83
Printing Final Intermediate Code, 557 Short-circuit evaluation, 86
Printing Instruction Operation Code, 562 Step Option, 84
Printing Intermediate Code, 555 Switch Statement, 82
Printing Rules, 551 While Loop, 83
Printing Tokens, 549 Control Structures - Second Style
Comments about developing for Android using RingQt Branching, 89
Building RingQt Applications for Mobile, 504 Exceptions, 91
Comments about evaluation For In Loop, 91
Control Structures - First Style, 87 For Loop, 90
Comments in configuration file If Statement, 89
Code Generator, 593 Introduction, 88
Compact Syntax Looping, 90
Language Design, 18 Switch Statement, 89
Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM) Control Structures - Third Style
How to contribute?, 57 Branching, 92
Compiler Errors Exceptions, 95
Reference, 814 For In Loop, 95
Composition For Loop, 94
Object Oriented Programming, 186 If Statement, 92
Configuration file Introduction, 91
Code Generator, 589 Switch Statement, 92
Configuration file for the Allegro library While Loop, 93
Code Generator, 594 Conversion
Configuration Files Examples Data Type, 126
Code Generator, 607 Conversion Class
Configure the Apache web server Stdlib Classes, 250
Web Development (CGI Library), 272 Convert Letters Case
Conflict between Class Attributes and Local Variables Strings, 112
Scope Rules, 522 Cookies
Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Web Development (CGI Library), 284
Frequently Asked Questions, 793 Copy Lists
Scope Rules, 521 Lists, 108
Conflict between self inside braces and self in the class Copy()
region Strings, 114

Index 828
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() function? IsUpper(), 125
Frequently Asked Questions, 796 IsXdigit(), 125
Create Database Number(), 126
MySQL Functions, 167 Str2Hex(), 128
Create Lists String(), 126
Lists, 104 Type(), 122
Create Table and Insert Data Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes
MySQL Functions, 168 Web Development (CGI Library), 313
Create Window DataType Class
RingLibSDL, 343 Stdlib Classes, 249
Create Zip File Date and Time
RingZip, 327 AddDays(), 120
Creating a Class for each Window in GUI applications clock(), 118
Scope Rules, 527 ClosPerSecond(), 118
Creating Menubar Date(), 118
Desktop and Mobile Development, 413 DiffDays(), 120
Creating more than one window Introduction, 117
Desktop and Mobile Development, 451 Time(), 118
Creating StatusBar TimeList(), 119
Desktop and Mobile Development, 417 Date()
Creating the Game Window Date and Time, 118
Game Engine for 2D Games, 354 DateTime Class
Creating Toolbar Stdlib Classes, 244
Desktop and Mobile Development, 416 dayofweek()
Creating Windows Installer Stdlib Functions, 229
Distributing Ring Application, 547 Debug Class
CRUD Example using MVC Stdlib Classes, 248
Web Development (CGI Library), 305 Dec()
CurrentDir() Function Data Type, 127
System Functions, 148 Decimals()
Mathematical Functions, 132
Data Type Declarative Programming
Ascii(), 127 Declarative programming on the top of Object-
Char(), 127 Oriented, 259
Check Character, 122 executing code after the end of object access, 259
Check Data Type, 121 Introduction, 255
Conversion, 126 More Beatiful Code, 260
Dec(), 127 Objects inside lists, 256
Hex(), 127 Return object by reference, 257
Hex2str(), 128 Declarative programming on the top of Object-Oriented
Introduction, 120 Declarative Programming, 259
IsAlNum(), 123 Declare parameters
IsAlpha(), 123 Functions, 100
IsCntrl(), 123 Decrypt()
IsDigit(), 124 Security and Internet Functions, 180
IsGraph(), 124 Deep Copy
IsList(), 122 Variables, 77
IsLower(), 124 Define Declarative Languages
IsNULL(), 122 Language Design, 21
IsNumber(), 121 Define Functions
IsPrint(), 124 Functions, 99
IsPunct(), 125 Define Natural Statements
IsSpace(), 125 Language Design, 19
IsString(), 121 Defining Constants

Index 829
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Code Generator, 592 Using QInputDialog Class, 456

Defining Variables and Variables Access Using qLCDNumber, 453
Scope Rules, 519 Using QProgressBar, 422
Delete Item From List Using QProgressBar and Timer, 445
Lists, 105 Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup, 431
Demo Programs Using QSlider, 423
Introduction, 152 Using QSpinBox, 423
Language Shell, 153 Using QTableWidget, 421
Main Menu, 153 Using QTabWidget, 419
The Cards Game, 491 Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel, 410
Designed for a clear goal Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem, 411
Language Design, 14 Using QWebView, 429
Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QColorDialog Class, 452
Adding Hyperlink to QLabel, 433 Using the QFileDialog Class, 447
Change Focus, 467 Using the QListWidget Class, 407
Classes and their Methods to use the default events, Using the QTextEdit Class, 406
497 Using the QTimer Class, 444
Creating Menubar, 413 Weight History Application, 472
Creating more than one window, 451 Determine Structure Members Types
Creating StatusBar, 417 Code Generator, 592
Creating Toolbar, 416 DiffDays()
Display Image using QLabel, 437 Date and Time, 120
Display Scaled Image using QLabel, 446 Dir()
Drawing using QPainter, 448 Files, 135
Dynamic Objects, 471 direxists()
Inheritance from GUI Classes, 463 Stdlib Functions, 231
KeyPress and Mouse Move Events, 458 Display Error Message
Menubar and StyleSheet Example, 438 Extension, 579
Methods to use Events with Events Filter, 500 Display Image
Movable Label Example, 454 RingLibSDL, 343
Moving Objects using the Mouse, 459 Display Image using QLabel
New Classes names - Index Start from 1, 502 Desktop and Mobile Development, 437
Notepad Application, 476 Display PNG Images
Other Widgets Events, 442 RingLibSDL, 344
Playing Sound, 452 Display Scaled Image using QLabel
Printing using QPrinter, 450 Desktop and Mobile Development, 446
QLineEdit Events and QMessageBox, 440 Display Transparent Images
QMessagebox Example, 455 RingLibSDL, 345
QVideoWidget and QMediaPlayer, 434 Display Warnings Option
Regular Expressions, 468 What is new in Ring 1.2?, 40
RingQt Classes and their Qt Documentation, 502 Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile
Rotate Text, 465 Distributing Ring Application, 548
Simple Client and Server Example, 469 Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows
The Cards Game, 491 Distributing Ring Application, 547
The Difference between Qt and RingQt, 501 Distributing Ring Application
The First GUI Application, 403 Creating Windows Installer, 547
Using Layout, 404 Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile,
Using QCheckBox, 430 548
Using QComboBox Class, 412 Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows,
Using QDateEdit, 425 547
Using QDesktopWidget Class, 464 Introduction, 546
Using QDial, 426 Protecting the Source Code, 547
Using QDockWidget, 418 Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker, 548
Using QFrame, 435 Do Again Loop

Index 830
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Control Structures - First Style, 85 Assert(), 152

Documentation Eval(), 150
How to contribute?, 56 Introduction, 149
Download Requirements Raise(), 151
Building RingQt Applications for Mobile, 503 Try/Carch/Done, 150
Download Requirements and Update the Android SDK evenorodd()
Building Games For Android, 400 Stdlib Functions, 226
Download() Events Code
Security and Internet Functions, 182 Form Designer, 513
Draw Rectangle Example
RingLibSDL, 344 Files, 141
Drawing Text Mathematical Functions, 129
Game Engine for 2D Games, 355 Natural Language Programming, 262
Drawing using QPainter Objects Library for RingQt Application, 506
Desktop and Mobile Development, 448 Security and Internet Functions, 181
Drawing, Animation and Input System Functions, 146
Graphics and Game Programming, 330 Example about Sharing Names between Functions and
Dynamic Attributes Methods
Object Oriented Programming, 190 Scope Rules for Functions and Methods, 534
Dynamic Objects Exceptions
Desktop and Mobile Development, 471 Control Structures - Second Style, 91
Dynamic Typing Control Structures - Third Style, 95
Variables, 77 Execute Query and Print Result
ODBC Functions, 161
Editors Support executing code after the end of object access
How to contribute?, 57 Declarative Programming, 259
Embedding Ring in Ring Executing code during code generation
Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State, Code Generator, 593
574 ExeFileName() Function
Introduction, 573 System Functions, 149
Serial Execution of Programs, 574 ExeFolder() Function
Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State System Functions, 149
Embedding Ring in Ring, 574 Exit
What is new in Ring 1.3?, 33 Control Structures - First Style, 85
Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Exit from two loops
Introduction, 585 Control Structures - First Style, 85
Ring State, 586 Exit/Loop inside sub functions
Ring State Functions, 586 Control Structures - First Style, 86
Ring State Variables, 587 Extension
Encourage Organization Check Parameters Count, 578
Language Design, 16 Check Parameters Type, 579
Encrypt() Display Error Message, 579
Security and Internet Functions, 180 Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation, 580
endswith() Function Prototype, 580
Stdlib Functions, 225 Function Structure, 578
Entering Items Get Parameters Values, 579
Form Designer, 517 Introduction, 575
Enum and Numbers Module Organization, 577
Code Generator, 593 MySQL_Columns() Implementation, 583
Equality of functions Return Value, 579
Functional Programming, 199 RING API - list Functions, 581
Eval() RING API - String Functions, 583
Eval() and Debugging, 150 ring_ext.c, 576
Eval() and Debugging ring_ext.h, 576

Index 831
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Shared Libraries, 584 Fgets(), 140

Sin() Implementation, 580 Fopen(), 136
Extensions in C/C++ Fputc(), 140
How to contribute?, 57 Fputs(), 140
Extract Zip File Fread(), 141
RingZip, 327 Freopen(), 137
Fseek(), 138
Facebook Login Fsetpos(), 139
RingLibCurl, 324 Ftell(), 138
factorial() Fwrite(), 141
Stdlib Functions, 223 Introduction, 133
factors() Perror(), 139
Stdlib Functions, 227 Read File using Read(), 135
Fclose() Remove(), 136
Files, 136 Rename(), 136
Features Rewind(), 138
Introduction, 10 Tempfile(), 138
Feof() Tempname(), 138
Files, 139 Ungetc(), 140
Ferror() Write file using Write(), 135
Files, 139 filter()
FetchStockData Application Stdlib Functions, 220
Applications developed in little hours, 2 Filtering using Expressions
Fexists() Code Generator, 593
Files, 141 Find SubString
Fflush() Strings, 115
Files, 137 Find() and List of Objects
Fgetc() Object Oriented Programming, 191
Files, 140 First-Class Functions
Fgetpos() Functional Programming, 197
Files, 139 First-Class Lists
Fgets() Lists, 109
Files, 140 Flappy Bird 3000 Game
fibonacci() Game Engine for 2D Games, 381
Stdlib Functions, 223 Fopen()
Fifteen Puzzle Game Files, 136
Applications developed in little hours, 3 Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation
File Class Extension, 580
Stdlib Classes, 246 For In Loop
File Hash Control Structures - First Style, 84
Security and Internet Functions, 181 Control Structures - Second Style, 91
file2list() Control Structures - Third Style, 95
Stdlib Functions, 224 for in to modify lists
Files Control Structures - First Style, 84
Clearerr(), 139 For Loop
Dir(), 135 Control Structures - First Style, 83
Example, 141 Control Structures - Second Style, 90
Fclose(), 136 Control Structures - Third Style, 94
Feof(), 139 Form Designer
Ferror(), 139 Entering Items, 517
Fexists(), 141 Events Code, 513
Fflush(), 137 Introduction, 510
Fgetc(), 140 Keyboard Shortcuts, 516
Fgetpos(), 139 Menubar Designer, 516

Index 832
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

More Samples and Tests, 518 Search of global names while defining the class at-
Running Forms, 513 tributes, 792
The Designer Windows, 512 The documentation says functional programming is
The Properties, 512 supported, but then this happens?, 785
Using Layouts, 518 What about predefined parameters or optional pa-
What is new in Ring 1.3?, 34 rameters in functions?, 794
Window Flags, 517 What about the Boolean values in Ring?, 787
Fputc() What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or
Files, 140 Java?, 785
Fputs() What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or
Files, 140 Smalltalk?, 782
Fread() What are the advantages to using Ring over native C
Files, 141 or C++?, 783
Freopen() What are the advantages to using Ring over Python
Files, 137 and Ruby?, 784
Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and
Can I connect to dbase/harbour database?, 805 Lua?, 785
Can Ring work on Windows XP?, 807 What happens when we create a new object?, 790
Conflict between Global Variables and Class At- What is the difference between Ring and Python?
tributes, 793 And is Ring Open Source?, 783
Constructor methods in Ring, 789 Where can I write a program and execute it?, 793
Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() func- Why do we need Yet Another Programming Lan-
tion?, 796 guage (YAPL)?, 781
Getter and Setter Methods, 791 Why I get a strange result when printing nl with
Goal of including the Main function in Ring, 788 lists?, 795
How can I disable maximize button and resize win- Why I get Calling Function without definition Er-
dow?, 803 ror?, 806
How to add Combobox and other elements to the Why Ring is largely focussed on UI creation?, 783
cells of a QTableWidget?, 810 Why Ring is weakly typed?, 782
How to Close a window then displaying another Why Ring uses See, Give, But and Ok Key-
one?, 802 words?, 786
How to create a Modal Window?, 802 Why setClickEvent() doesnt see the object methods
How to create an array of buttons in GUI applica- directly?, 806
tions?, 801 Why the ability to define your own languages Instead
How to extend RingQt and add more classes?, 807 of just handing over the syntax so you can parse
How to get the current source file path?, 794 it using whatever code you like?, 786
How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() func- Why the window title bar is going outside the
tions?, 794 screen?, 800
How to insert an item to the first position in the list?, Why this example use the GetChar() twice?, 797
799 Why we dont use () after the qApp class name?, 800
How to perform some manipulations on selected Why you can specify the number of loops you want
cells in QTableWidget?, 810 to break out of?, 786
How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary?, Fseek()
795 Files, 138
How to print lists that contains objects?, 799 Fsetpos()
How to print new lines and other characters?, 800 Files, 139
How to use many source code files in the project?, Ftell()
796 Files, 138
How to use NULL and ISNULL() function?, 798 Function Prototype
How to use SQLite using ODBC?, 804 Extension, 580
Introduction, 780 function prototype
Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP?, 783 Code Generator, 589
List index start from 1, 789 Function Structure
Philosophy behind data types in Ring, 786 Extension, 578

Index 833
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Functional Programming Stars Fighter Game, 373

Anonymous and Nested Functions, 198 Super Man 2016 Game, 388
Equality of functions, 199 Text Class, 353
First-Class Functions, 197 What is new in Ring 1.1?, 48
Higher-order Functions, 197 GameObject Class
Introduction, 195 Game Engine for 2D Games, 352
Pure Functions, 196 Games Layer
Functions Game Engine for 2D Games, 351
Call Functions, 99 gcd()
Declare parameters, 100 Stdlib Functions, 225
Define Functions, 99 Generate Object File
Introduction, 98 Command Line Options, 563
Main Function, 100 Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo)
Recursion, 102 What is new in Ring 1.1?, 43
Return Value, 101 Generating Pages using Objects
Send Parameters, 100 Web Development (CGI Library), 296
Variables Scope, 101 Get Active Source File Name
functions() System Functions, 148
Reflection and Meta-programming, 202 Get Command Line Arguments
Fwrite() System Functions, 147
Files, 141 Get List Item
Lists, 105
Game Class Get List Size
Game Engine for 2D Games, 352 Lists, 105
Game Engine Classes Get Number of Characters from position
Game Engine for 2D Games, 351 Strings, 115
Game Engine for 2D Games Get Parameters Values
Animate Class, 354 Extension, 579
Animate Events, 365 Get Request
Animation, 359 RingLibCurl, 324
Animation and Functions, 360 Get String Length
Creating the Game Window, 354 Strings, 112
Drawing Text, 355 Get Substring from position to end
Flappy Bird 3000 Game, 381 Strings, 115
Game Class, 352 getattribute()
Game Engine Classes, 351 Reflection and Meta-programming, 214
GameObject Class, 352 GetChar()
Games Layer, 351 Getting Input, 97
Graphics Library Bindings, 350 getnumber()
Interface to graphics library, 350 Stdlib Functions, 218
Introduction, 349 getstring()
Map, 367 Stdlib Functions, 218
Map Class, 354 Getter and Setter Methods
Map Events, 368 Frequently Asked Questions, 791
Moving Text, 356 Getting Input
Object and Drawing, 370 GetChar(), 97
Playing Sound, 358 Getting Started - First Style, 59
Project Layers, 350 Getting Started - Second Style, 61
Sound Class, 354 Getting Started - Third Style, 63
Sprite Automatic Movement, 361 Give Command, 97
Sprite Class, 353 Input(), 98
Sprite Keypress Event, 362 Introduction, 96
Sprite Mouse Event, 363 Getting Started - First Style
Sprite State Event, 364 Getting Input, 59

Index 834
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Hello World, 58 Hex()

Introduction, 57 Data Type, 127
Multi-Line literals, 58 Hex2str()
No Explicit End For Statements, 59 Data Type, 128
Not Case-Sensitive, 58 Higher-order Functions
Run the program, 58 Functional Programming, 197
Writing Comments, 59 History
Getting Started - Second Style Introduction, 10
Getting Input, 61 Natural Language Programming, 262
Hello World, 60 How can I disable maximize button and resize window?
Introduction, 59 Frequently Asked Questions, 803
Multi-Line literals, 60 How Ring find a functions and methods?
No Explicit End For Statements, 61 Scope Rules for Functions and Methods, 534
Not Case-Sensitive, 60 How Ring find the Variable?
Run the program, 60 Scope Rules, 520
Writing Comments, 61 How to add Combobox and other elements to the cells of
Getting Started - Third Style a QTableWidget?
Getting Input, 63 Frequently Asked Questions, 810
Hello World, 62 How to Close a window then displaying another one?
Introduction, 61 Frequently Asked Questions, 802
Multi-Line literals, 62 How to contribute?
No Explicit End For Statements, 63 Applications, 57
Not Case-Sensitive, 62 Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM), 57
Run the program, 62 Documentation, 56
Writing Comments, 63 Editors Support, 57
Give Command Extensions in C/C++, 57
Getting Input, 97 Ideas and suggestions, 57
globals() Introduction, 55
Reflection and Meta-programming, 201 Libraries in Ring, 57
Goal of including the Main function in Ring Samples, 56
Frequently Asked Questions, 788 Special thanks to contributors, 56
Gradient Testing, 56
Web Development (CGI Library), 295 How to create a Modal Window?
Graphics and Game Programming Frequently Asked Questions, 802
Drawing, Animation and Input, 330 How to create an array of buttons in GUI applications?
Introduction, 329 Frequently Asked Questions, 801
Playing Sound, 337 How to extend RingQt and add more classes?
Scaling and Rotating Images, 338 Frequently Asked Questions, 807
Threads, 340 How to get the current source file path?
Transparent Image, 339 Frequently Asked Questions, 794
TrueType Fonts, 336 How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() functions?
Graphics Library Bindings Frequently Asked Questions, 794
Game Engine for 2D Games, 350 How to insert an item to the first position in the list?
Frequently Asked Questions, 799
Hash Functions How to perform some manipulations on selected cells in
Web Development (CGI Library), 290 QTableWidget?
HashTable Class Frequently Asked Questions, 810
Stdlib Classes, 239 How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary?
Hello World Frequently Asked Questions, 795
Getting Started - First Style, 58 How to print lists that contains objects?
Getting Started - Second Style, 60 Frequently Asked Questions, 799
Getting Started - Third Style, 62 How to print new lines and other characters?
Hello World Program using the Web Library Frequently Asked Questions, 800
Web Development (CGI Library), 273 How to use many source code files in the project?

Index 835
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

Frequently Asked Questions, 796 IsCntrl()

How to use NULL and ISNULL() function? Data Type, 123
Frequently Asked Questions, 798 IsDigit()
How to use SQLite using ODBC? Data Type, 124
Frequently Asked Questions, 804 IsFreeBSD() Function
HTML Lists System Functions, 146
Web Development (CGI Library), 293 isfunction()
HTML Special Characters Reflection and Meta-programming, 204
Web Development (CGI Library), 289 isglobal()
HTML Tables Reflection and Meta-programming, 203
Web Development (CGI Library), 294 IsGraph()
HTTP Get Example Data Type, 124
Web Development (CGI Library), 274 isleapyear()
HTTP POST Example Stdlib Functions, 227
Web Development (CGI Library), 279 IsLinux() Function
System Functions, 146
Ideas and suggestions IsList()
How to contribute?, 57 Data Type, 122
If Statement islocal()
Control Structures - Second Style, 89 Reflection and Meta-programming, 203
Control Structures - Third Style, 92 IsLower()
Inheritance Data Type, 124
Object Oriented Programming, 189 IsMacOSX() Function
Inheritance from GUI Classes System Functions, 145
Desktop and Mobile Development, 463 ismainsourcefile()
Input() Stdlib Functions, 231
Getting Input, 98 ismethod()
Insert() Reflection and Meta-programming, 211
Lists, 108 IsMSDOS() Function
Install Qt for Android System Functions, 145
Building RingQt Applications for Mobile, 503 IsNULL()
Interface to graphics library Data Type, 122
Game Engine for 2D Games, 350 IsNumber()
Internet Class Data Type, 121
Stdlib Classes, 255 isobject()
Introduction Reflection and Meta-programming, 209
Features, 10 ispackage()
History, 10 Reflection and Meta-programming, 205
Introduction, 8 ispackagesclass()
Motivation, 9 Reflection and Meta-programming, 208
Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP? isprime()
Frequently Asked Questions, 783 Stdlib Functions, 223
IsAlNum() IsPrint()
Data Type, 123 Data Type, 124
IsAlpha() isprivateattribute()
Data Type, 123 Reflection and Meta-programming, 210
IsAndroid() Function isprivatemethod()
System Functions, 146 Reflection and Meta-programming, 211
isattribute() IsPunct()
Reflection and Meta-programming, 210 Data Type, 125
iscfunction() IsSpace()
Reflection and Meta-programming, 204 Data Type, 125
isclass() isspecial()
Reflection and Meta-programming, 206 Stdlib Functions, 222

Index 836
 Ring Documentation, Release 1.3

IsString() Stdlib Functions, 223

Data Type, 121 Lines()
IsUnix() Function Strings, 114
System Functions, 145 List Class
IsUpper() Stdlib Classes, 236
Data Type, 125 List index start from 1
isvowel() Frequently Asked Questions, 789
Stdlib Functions, 222 List of changes and new features
IsWindows() Function What is new in Ring 1.1?, 42
System Functions, 145 What is new in Ring 1.2?, 36
IsWindows64() Function What is new in Ring 1.3?, 23
System Functions, 145 list of functions
IsXdigit() Mathematical Functions, 129
Data Type, 125 list2file()
Stdlib Functions, 224
JustFileName() Lists
Stdlib Functions, 219 Access List Items by String Index, 110
JustFilePath() Add Items, 104
Stdlib Functions, 219 Copy Lists, 108
Create Lists, 104
Keyboard Shortcuts
Delete Item From List, 105
Form Designer, 516
First-Class Lists, 109
KeyPress and Mouse Move Events
Get List Item, 105
Desktop and Mobile Development, 458
Get List Size, 105
Language Design Insert(), 108
Compact Syntax, 18 Introduction, 103
Define Declarative Languages, 21 Nested Lists, 108
Define Natural Statements, 19 Passing Lists to Functions, 109
Designed for a clear goal, 14 Passing Parameters Using List, 110
Encourage Organization, 16 Reverse(), 107
Introduction, 13 Search, 106
Simple, 14 Set List Item, 105
Smart Garbage Collector, 22 Sort(), 106
Transparent Implementation, 16 Swap Items, 111
Trying to be natural, 15 Using Lists during definition, 109
Visual Implementation, 17 Load Syntax Files
Why Ring?, 14 Syntax Flexibility, 539
Language Functions locals()
Reference, 813 Reflection and Meta-programming, 201
Language Grammar Logical Operators
Reference, 816 Operators, 79
Language Keywords Loop Command
Reference, 812 Control Structures - First Style, 86
Language Shell Looping
Demo Programs, 153 Control Structures, 93
lcm() Control Structures - First Style, 83
Stdlib Functions, 226 Control Structures - Second Style, 90
Left() Low Level Functions
Strings, 113 callgc(), 564
Libraries in Ring Introduction, 563
How to contribute?, 57 nullpointer(), 566
Library Usage object2pointer(), 566
Objects Library for RingQt Application, 506 pointer2object(), 566
linecount() ptrcmp(), 567

Index 837