Module 1; Fluids and Hydraulics
Problem 1
The specific gravity of certain oil is 0.82. Calculate its
a.) specific weight in Lb/ft3 and kN/m3
b.) mass density in slugs/ft3 and kg/m3
Ans.) a.) 51.168 lb/ft3 & 8.044 kN/m3; b.) 1.59 slugs/ft3 & 820 kg/m3
Problem 2
A cylindrical tank 80 cm in diameter and 90 cm high is filled with a liquid. The tank and the liquid weighed 420 kg. the weight of the empty
of the tank is 40 kg. what is the unit weight of the liquid in kN/m3.
Ans.) 8.24 kN/m3
Problem 3
If the specifc volume of a certain gas is 0.7848 m3/kg, what is its specific weight/
Ans.) 12.5 N/m3
Problem 4
What is the specific weight of air at 480 kPa absolute and 21C?
Ans.) 55.81 N/m3
Problem 5
Find the mass density of helium at a temperature of 4 C and a pressure of 184 kPa gage, if atmospheric pressure is 101.92 kPa. (R=2079
J/kg-K)
Ans.) 0.4965 kg/m3
Problem 6
Air is kept at a pressure of 200 kPa absolute and a temperature of 30C in a 500-liter container, what is the mass of air?
Ans.) 1.15 kg
Problem 7
A lead cube has a total mass of 80 kg. what is the length of its side? Sp. Gr. Of lead=11.3.
Ans.) 19.2 cm
Problem 8
A liquid compressed in a container has a volume of 1 liter at a pressure of 1 Mpa and a volume of 0.995 liter at a pressure of 2 Mpa. The
bulk modulus of elasticity (EB) of the liquid is:
Ans.) 200 Mpa
Problem 9
Water in a hydraulic press, initially at 137 kPa absolute, is subjected to a pressure of 116,280 kPa absolute. Using EB=2.5 Gpa, determine
the percentage decrease in the volume of water.
Ans.) 4.65% decrease
Problem 10
If 9 m3 of an ideal gas at 24C and 150 kPa is compressed to 2 m3,
a.) what is the resulting pressure assuming isothermal conditions.
b.) what would have been the pressure and temperature if the process is isentropic. Use k=1.3
Ans.) a.) 675 kPa abs; b.) 1,060 kPa abs; 466.4K or 193.4 C
Problem 11
Two large plane surfaces are 25 mm apart and the space between them is filled with a liquid of viscosity =0.958 Pa-s. Assuming the
velocity gradient to be a straight line, what force is required to pull a very thin plate of 0.37 m2 area at a constant speed of 0.3 m/s if the
plate is 8.4 mm from one of the surfaces?
Ans: 19.07 N
Problem 12
A cylinder of 125 mm radius rotates concentrically inside a fixed cylinder of 130 mm radius. Both cylinders are 300 mm long. Determine the
viscosity of the liquid which fills space between the cylinders if a torque of 0.88 N-m is required to maintain an angular velocity of 2
radians/sec. Assume the velocity gradient to be a straight line.
Ans: 0.19 Pa-sec
Problem 13
An 18-kg slab slides down a 15 inclined plane on a 3 mm thick film of oil with viscosity =0.0814 Pa-sec. if the contact area is 0.3 m2, find
the terminal velocity of the slab. Neglect air resistance.
Ans; 5.614 m/s
Problem 14
Estimate the height to which water will rise in a capillary tube of diameter 3 mm. Use =0.0728 N/m and =9810 N/m3 for water.
Ans; 9.9 mm
Problem 15
Estimate the capillary depression for mercury in a glass capillary tube 2 mm in diameter. Use =0.514 N/m and =0.514 N/m and =140.
Ans; 5.9 mm
Problem 16
What is the value of the surface tension of a small drop of water 0.3 mm in diameter which is in contact with air if the pressure within the
droplet is 561 Pa?
Ans; 0.042 N/m
Problem 17
An atomizer forms water droplets 45 in diameter. Determine the excess pressure within these droplets using =0.0712 N/m.
Ans; 6328.88 Pa
Problem 18
Distilled water stands in a glass tube of 9 mm diameter at a height of 24 mm. what is the true static height? Use =0.0742 N/m.
Ans; 20.64 mm
