IMPORTANT FORMULAS TO REMEMBER

Chapter 1 Measurement Chapter 1 Measurement /Chapter 2 Kinematics / Chapter 3 Forces

SI units:
Length (m), Mass(kg), Time(s), Current(A), temperature(K), luminous 10 9 giga - (G), 10 6 mega - (M), 10 3 kilo - (k, ) 10 -1 deci - (d),10 -2 centi - (c),
intensity ( cd), amount of substance (mol)
Lengths to be measured instruments Accuracy 10 -3 milli - (m), 10 -6 micro - ( ), 10 -9 nano - n
1m < l < 5 m Measuring tape 0.1cm
10 cm < l < 1 m Metre /half metre rule 0.1cm Distance
1cm < l < 10 cm Venier caliper 0.01cm Speed =
Time
l < 2 cm Micrometer screw guage 0.001cm Total Distance
Average speed =
Pendulum: Total Time
Force (N) = mass (kg) X acceleration ( ms -2 )
length
Period = 2 *Mass will not affect the period
gravity
Chapter 4 Mass, Weight, Density / Chapter 5 Moments Chapter 6 Energy, Work and Power
1
Kinetic Energy (J) = X massX velocity 2
2
Weight(N) = Mass (kg) X gravitational field strength ( N kg -1 , ms -2 ) Gravitational Potential Energy(J) = mass X gravitational field strength X height
Mass(kg) Work Done (J) = Force X Distance moved
Density(kgm 3 ) =
Volume (m 3 ) useful energy output
Efficiency = X 100%
energy input
Work Done(J) Energy(J)
Power (W)= =
Moment ( Nm) = Force X Perpendicular Distance Time(s) Time(s)

Chapter 7 Pressure Chapter 8 Temperature and its Measurement

Force X X 0
Pressure (Pa) = oC = X 100
Area X 100 X 0
Pressure due to column of liquid (Pa) = height X density X
o C = T 273
gravitational field strength
Thermocouple thermometer : emf produced
Chapter 9 Kinetic model of matter Chapter 11 Heat Capacity
Relationship of Gas Thermal Energy Transferred (J) = mass X specific heat capacity X
P1 P2
= (Volume constant) Latent heat (J) = mass X specific latent heat
T1 T2
V1 V2
= (Pressure constant)
T1 T2
P1V1 = P2 V2 (Temperature constant)
Chapter 12 Light Chapter 13 Waves
n1sin1= n2sin2 ( Any 2 mediums, 1 of them need not be air/vacuum) 1
Frequency (Hz) =
Period(s)
The following formulas are restricted to 2 mediums, 1 of them must
Velocity(m/s) = Frequency (Hz) X Wavelength(m)
be air/vacuum)
speed of light in vacuum
Refractive index =
speed of light in the medium
Real Depth
Refractive index =
Apparent Depth
sin 90 o 1
Refractive index = =
sin (critical angle) sin (critical angle)
Chapter 17 Current Electricity Chapter 18 D.C Circuits
Amount of charge(C) Series Circuit :
Current (A)=
Time(s) V = V1 + V2 + ... + VN
Work Done (J)=e.m.f(V) X amount of charge (C) R = R 1 + R 2 + ... + R N
Parallel Circuit:
Work Done (J) = Potential Difference (V) X amount of charge (C)
I = I1 + I 2
Potential Difference (V) = Current (A) X Resistance( ) 1 1 1 1
= + + ... +
R R1 R 2 RN
Length(m) Potential Divider
Resistance ( ) = Resistiviy (m) X
Area(m 2 ) R2
Vout = X V
R1 + R 2
Chapter 19 Practical Electricity Chapter 22 Electromagnetic Induction
Power = Potential Difference X Current Transformer:
(Potential Difference) 2 Vsecondary N seondary
Power = =
Resistance Vprimary N primary
Power = (Current) 2 X Resistance I primary Vprimary = I secondary Vsecondary
Energy = Power X Time
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope:
frequency ac input
Number of complete cycles displayed on the CRO =
frequency time - base