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Introduction To MATLAB: Violeta Ivanova, Ph.D. MIT Academic Computing

This document introduces MATLAB graphics capabilities. It covers topics such as 2D and 3D plotting, figure editing, annotation, multiple plots, subplots, figure handles, the property editor, animation, and saving/exporting figures. Examples are provided for various plotting commands and functions like plot, surf, subplot, getframe, and movie2avi. Graphics exercises are also outlined to help users practice these skills.

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vijaybhatn
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81 views24 pages

Introduction To MATLAB: Violeta Ivanova, Ph.D. MIT Academic Computing

This document introduces MATLAB graphics capabilities. It covers topics such as 2D and 3D plotting, figure editing, annotation, multiple plots, subplots, figure handles, the property editor, animation, and saving/exporting figures. Examples are provided for various plotting commands and functions like plot, surf, subplot, getframe, and movie2avi. Graphics exercises are also outlined to help users practice these skills.

Uploaded by

vijaybhatn
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to MATLAB

Violeta Ivanova, Ph.D.


MIT Academic Computing

[email protected]
http://web.mit.edu/violeta/www/IAP2006
Topics
9 MATLAB Interface and Basics
9 Linear Algebra and Calculus
¾ Graphics
„ Programming
„ Graphical User Interface
„ Math On the Web (optional)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Class Materials
„ On laptops download from:
http://web.mit.edu/acmath/matlab/IntroMATLAB
„ On Athena copy from locker acmath
athena% add acmath
athena% cp
/mit/acmath/matlab/IntroMATLAB/Graphics.tar .

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Help in MATLAB

„ Command line help


>> help command
e.g. help surf
>> lookfor keyword
e.g. lookfor surfaces
„ Desktop menu
{ Help->Help MATLAB

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


MATLAB Help Browser
„ MATLAB
+ Graphics
+ MATLAB Plotting Tools
+ Annotating Graphs
+ Basic Plotting Commands
+ Figure Properties
+ Axes Properties
+ 3D Visualization
+ Creating 3D Graphs

„ Other Toolboxes

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


MATLAB Graphics

2D and 3D Plotting
Figure Property Editing
Animation
Built-In Functions
„ Basic plots and graphs
>> plot
>> plot3
>> semilogy, semilogx
>> polar
„ Surface and mesh graphs
>> surf
>> mesh
„ Specialized plots
>> contour
>> scatter

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Built-In Functions (continued)
„ Annotating figures
>> xlabel, ylabel, zlabel
>> title
>> legend
>> colorbar
„ Multiple plots
>> hold on, hold off
>> subplot
„ Saving figures
>> saveas

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Built-In Functions (continued)
„ Animation
>> drawnow
>> getframe
>> movie2avi
„ Domain generation
>> meshgrid
>> griddata
„ Object properties
>> get
>> set

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Built-In Functions (continued)
„ Axes’ properties
>> axes
>> axis
„ Graphics handles
>> gcf
>> gca
„ And many others
>> view
>> length
etc.

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Figure Editor

„ To open a new figure window:


>> figure
„ To plot in the current figure window:
>> plot (X, Y, ‘ro’)
>> surf (x, y, z)
>> contour (x, y, z, N)
„ Plotting commands create a figure
window if none is open.

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Creating 2D Graphs
„ Linear plots
>> plot (X, Y, ‘ro’)
>> plot (X, Y, ‘Color’, [0.5 0 0], …
‘Marker’, ‘o’, …
‘LineStyle’, ‘none’)
„ Colors: b, r, g, y, m, c, k, w
„ Markers: o, *, ., +, x, d
„ Line styles: -, --, -., :

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Other 2D Graphs
„ Contour plots
>> contour (x, y, z, N)
Note: x, y, and z are matrices, not vectors.
„ Polar coordinates
>> polar(theta, rho)
e.g. >> t = [0 : 0.01 : 2*pi]
>> polar (sin(t), cos(t))

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Creating 3D Graphs
„ Linear plots
>> plot3 (X, Y, Z, ‘ro’)
Note: X, Y, and Z are vectors.
„ Surface and mesh plots
>> surf(x, y, z)
>> mesh (x, y, z)
Note: x, y, and z are matrices, not vectors.
„ 3D contour plots
>> contour3(x, y, z, N)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


3D Graph Example
„ Domain Generation
>> [x, y] = meshgrid([-3 : 0.25 : 3], …
-3 : 0.25 :3]);
>> z = x .* exp(-(x.^2 + y.^2));
„ Plot generation
>> s1 = surf(x, y, z)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Annotating Graphs
„ Create and plot a graph
e.g. >> plot (t, z, ‘r-’)
„ Annotate the gragh
>> legend (‘z=f(t)’)
>> title (‘Position vs. Time’)
>> xlabel (‘Time’)
>> ylabel (‘Position’)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Multiple Graphs on One Plot

„ Built-in function hold


>> p1 = plot(t, z, ‘r-’)
>> hold on
>> p2 = plot(t, -z, ‘b--’)
>> hold on
>> p3 = plot(T, Z, ‘go’)
>> hold off

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Subplots on One Figure

„ Built-in function subplot


>> s1 = subplot(1, 3, 1)
>> p1 = plot(t, z, ‘r-’)
>> s2 = subplot(1, 3, 2)
>> p2 = plot(t, -z, ‘b--’)
>> s3 = subplot(1, 3, 3)
>> p3 = plot(T, Z, ‘go’)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Multiple Figures
„ Create figure windows:
>> figure
>> fig1 = gcf
>> figure
>> fig2 = gcf
„ Navigate between figures:
>> figure(fig1)
… or click on a figure window to make it active.

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Figure and Axes Handles
„ Get current figure and axes:
>> p1 = plot3(X, Y, ‘ro’)
>> fig1 = gcf
>> ax1 = gca
% Alternatively:
>> ax1 = get(fig1, ‘CurrentAxes’)
„ Set figure and axes’ properties:
>> set(fig1, ‘Color’, [0.9 0.8 0.7])
>> axes(ax1)
>> axis([Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax])

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Property Editor
„ Start Plot Edit mode
>> plotedit on
… or click on in the Figure window.
„ Open Property Editor
View->Property Editor
„ Select element - the Property Editor changes
e.g. Property Editor - Axes
„ Edit figure elements

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Saving Figures
„ From the Figure window
File->Save As
{ MATLAB format: figurename.fig
{ Other formats: TIFF, JPEG, etc.
„ From the command line
>> saveas(fig1, ‘figurename.tif’)

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Animation
„ Create animated plot of y(x)
for i = 1 : length(x)
p1 = plot(x(i), y(i), 'bo')
hold on
% Enforce the same axes
set(gca, 'XLim', [xmin xmax], …
'YLim', [ymin ymax])
drawnow
end
„ Export animation: getframe, movie2avi

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics


Graphics Exercises
„ Exercise One: example1.m
{ 3D plotting, multiple graphs, multiple figures
{ Figure editor, annotation, Plot Edit mode
{ Figure and graphics handles
{ Graphics export
„ Exercise Two: example2.m
{ 2D plotting, subplots on figure
{ Property Editor, graphics customization
„ Exercise Three: example3.m
{ Animation

IAP 2006 Introduction to MATLAB: Graphics

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