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Mss 212 Tutorial 1

This document contains a tutorial sheet on ordinary differential equations from Mzumbe University. It includes examples of determining the order and degree of differential equations, identifying whether equations are linear or not, verifying solutions, deriving differential equations to model motion, solving equations using separation of variables and other methods, and applying differential equations to word problems.

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Fahad Mustapha
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67 views2 pages

Mss 212 Tutorial 1

This document contains a tutorial sheet on ordinary differential equations from Mzumbe University. It includes examples of determining the order and degree of differential equations, identifying whether equations are linear or not, verifying solutions, deriving differential equations to model motion, solving equations using separation of variables and other methods, and applying differential equations to word problems.

Uploaded by

Fahad Mustapha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MZUMBE UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS STUDIES (MSS)

MSS 212 (ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS)

TUTORIAL SHEET ON TOPIC 1&2

2016/2017-SEMESTER I

1. State the order and degree of the following differential equations


2
d2y d3y
2 3
d 3 y dy
(a) 3 4
d3y dy dy
(b) x y (c) 3 3 4 y e x (d) 2 5 3 3 xy
d x dx dx dx dx dx dx
2. Identify whether the given DE is linear or not
2
d3y dy dy dy dy dy
(a) 4 (b) x y (c) 3t 4t e t (d) x cos x
dx dt
3
d x dx dt dx
3. For each of the following DE verify that x is a solution to the given DE

(a) y ' y 2 and x 2 ke x (a) xy ' 2 y x 2 and x x 2 In x c

4. Derive a DE that can be used to model the motion of the pendulum bob
5. Solve the following ODE by separation of variables
dy dy y 2 1
(a) x y 2x 2 y (b) . (c) 3 x( y 2 1)dx y ( x 2 2)dy 0 .
dx dx x 2 1

(d) 2 y cos x dx 3 sin x dy 0 ; given y 2 2 .


dy x 2 1 dy
(e) . (f) y ( y 1) tan x .
dx x 1 dx

6. (a) Show that the following D.E.s are exact when kept, or put in the form Mdx + Ndy = 0; hence solve.
(i ) 4 xy 3x 2 dx 2 y 2 x 2 dy 0 (ii) 2 x 5 y dx 5 x 3 y 2 dy 0

dy xy 2 1 dy x y cos x
(iii) ; given that y = 1 when x = 0. (iv)
dx 1 x 2 y dx y sin x

(v) ye x sin x dx e x 2 y dy 0
(b) The following D.E.s are not exact, show that each can be made exact with the multiplication of the
given D.E. (in Mdx + Ndy = 0, form) by a suitable Integrating Factor, hence, solve the given D. E.

(i ) ydx x y 2 dy 0 (iii) xdx x 2 y 4 y dy 0 ; given y(4) = 0.


dy
(ii) x y
dx
(iv) xy dx 2 x 2 3 y 2 20 dy 0 (v) 3 y e x dx xdy 0

7. Solve the following homogenous DE:

(a) x 2 y 2 dx x 2 xydy 0 (c) x 4 y dx 3 x 2 y dy 0


dy 2 xy
(b) 2
dx x y 2

yx y
(e) x 3 y 3 dx xy 2 dy 0 ; given y(1) = 0.
dy dy
(d) x y x2 y2 (f)
dx dx x2 x 3 y

1
8. By keeping, or putting the following differential equations in the standard linear form, find the general
solution (or particular solution, if required) of each.

tan x y sec x . 1 2tan x y sin x .


dy dy dy
2y x4 ex .
2
(a) (b) x (c)
dx dx dx

(d) x 1 (e) x 2 1 y x ; given y0 4 .


dy dy dy
xy 2 xe x 2 xy 2 x 2 . (f)
dx dx dx
dy
(g) 2 xy x 3
dx

9. Solve the following Bernoulli-type equations:

sin x y sin x y 2 . (d)


dy dy dy dy
(a) x y x 2 y 2 . (b) y x y 2 . (c) y tan x y 3 sec x
dx dx dx dx
dy
(e) y 1 / 2 y 3 / 2 1 ; given y(0) = 4.
dx

10. Solve the given differential equations using an appropriate substitution.

dy x 3 y 7
2 x y 7
dy 1 dy dy
x y
2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
dx x y dx dx dx 3 x 2 y 1

dy 2 x 3 y 4
2x y x y ; given y(0) = 0. (f)
dy

2
(e)
dx dx 4 x 6 y 1

11. Solve the given problems below:


(a) Use Picards method to solve each of the following DE

x y ; y0 0 (ii) y ' 1 y 2 ; y 0 0 (iii) y ' x y 2 ; y 0 0 Find y at x=0.5


dy
(i)
dx
(b) Use Eulers method to solve for each of the following DE at x=2 using h=0.1
(i) y ' 5 3 y ; y0 2 (ii ) y ' y (3 2 xy) ; y (0) 0.5 (iii ) y ' xy 0.1x 3 ; y 0 1

12. Solve the given word problem that require application of DE accordingly:

(a)The rate of change of the number of coyotes N(t) in a population is directly proportional to 650 N(t),
where t is the time in years. When t = 0, the population is 300, and when t = 2, the population has
increased to 500. Find the population when t = 3.

(b) A tank contains 1000 L of brine with 15 kg of dissolved salt. Pure water enters the tank at a rate of 10
L/min. The solution is kept thoroughly mixed and drains from the tank at the same rate. How much
salt is in the tank

(i) after t minutes;

(ii)after 20 minutes?

(c) The rate of change of y is proportional to y. When t = 0, y = 2, and when t = 2, y = 4. What is the
value of y when t = 3?

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