International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169

Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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Ricci Solitons in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu Manifold Admitting Conharmonic Curvature
Tensor
S.K. Pandey1, R. L. Patel2 and R. N. Singh3

Department of Mathematical Sciences, A.P.S. University, Rewa-486003 (M.P.) India.

[email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected]

Abstract: The object of the present paper is to study Ricci solitons in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold. In this paper, some
curvature conditions of conharmonic curvature tensor and pseudo-projective curvaturetensor have been studied. Under these
conditions taking ξ as space-like or time-like vector field, it is shown that Ricci solitons are expanding, steady or shrinking
according as 𝜆 is positive, zero or negative respectively.

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 53C25,53C15.

Key words: (𝜖)-Kenmotsu manifolds, Ricci solitons, conharmoniccurvature tensor,pseudo-projective curvature tensor, space-like
vector field, time-like vector field.

__________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________

1. Introduction:

In 1982,Hamilton [11] introduced the notion of Ricci flow to find a canonical metric on smooth manifolds. Then Ricci
flow has become a powerful tool for the study of Riemannian manifolds,especially for those manifoldswith positive
curvature.Perelman [15]used Ricci flow and its surgery to prove Poincare conjecture. The Ricci flow is an evolution equation for
metrics on a Riemannian manifold defined as follows:

∂
g ij t = −2R ij .
∂t

A Ricci soliton emerges as the limit of the solutions of the Ricci flow.A solution to the Ricci flow is called Ricci solution if it
moves onlyby a one parameter group of diffeomorphism and scaling. A Ricci soliton (g,V,λ) on a Riemannian manifold (M,g) is a
generalization of an Einstein metric such that

ℒ V g(X,Y)+ 2S(X,Y) +2λg(X, Y) = 0,(1.1)

where S is a Ricci tensor, ℒ V is Lie-derivative operator along the vector field V on M and𝜆 is a real number. The Ricci solitonis
said to be shrinking, steady and expanding according as 𝜆 is negative,zero or positiverespectively. During the last two decades, the
geometry of Ricci solitons has been the focus of attention ofmany mathematicians.In particular,it has become more important after
Perelman applied Ricci solitons to solve the long standing Poincare conjecture posed in 1904.In 2008, Sharma studied the Ricci
solitons in contact geometry [18].Thereafter Ricci solitons incontact metric manifolds have been studied by various authors such
as Bagewadi et. Al ([1],[2]),Bejan and Crasmareanu [3],Blaga[5],Chandra et. Al[6]Chen and Deshmukh[7],Deshmukh
et.al[10],He and Zhu[13],Nagaraja and Premalatta[14]andmany others.

On the other hand, the study of manifolds with indefinite metrics is of interest from the stand point of physics and
relativity. Manifolds with indefinite metrics have been studied byseveral authors. In 1993,Bejancu and Duggal [4] introduced the
concept of (ϵ)-Sasakianmanifolds and Xufeng and Xiaoli [20] established that these manifolds are real hyper surfacesof indefinite
Kahlerian manifolds. De and Sarkar[8]introduced ( ϵ )-Kenmotsu manifolds and studied some curvature conditions on it.
Singh,Pandey,Pandey and Tiwari [19] established the relation between semi-symmetric metric connection and Riemannian
connection on (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifolds and have studied several curvature conditions.
Motivated by these studies, we study Ricci solitons in (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifolds.In this
paper, we have studied Ricci solitons in ( ϵ )-Kenmotsu manifolds satisfying R( ξ, X ).H=0,S( ξ ,X). H =0, P ( ξ, X ).H
=0 and H(ξ, X). P = 0,where H is a conharmonic curvature tensor,Pis a pseudo-projectivecurvature tensor.
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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2. Preliminaries

An n-dimensional smooth manifold (M n , g) is called an (ϵ)-almost contact metric manifold

if

ϕ2 X = −X + η X ξ, (2.1)

η ξ = 1, 2.2

ϵg X, ξ = η(X) (2.3)

ϵ = g(ξ, ξ) (2.4)

g(ϕX, ϕY)=g(X,Y)− ϵη X η Y , 2.5

where𝜖 is 1 or -1 according as 𝜉 is space-like or time-like vector field and rank 𝜙 is n-1. It is important to mention that in the
above definition𝜉 is never a light-like vector field.

If

dη X, Y = g(X, ϕY) (2.6)

for every X,Y ϵ TM n , then we say that M n is an (ϵ)-contact metric manifold.

Also,

ϕξ = 0 and ηoϕ = 0. (2.7)

If an ( ϵ)- contact metric manifold satisfies

(∇X ϕ)(Y) = −g X, ϕY ξ − ϵη Y ϕX, (2.8)

where ∇ denotes the Riemannian connection of g, then M n is called an ϵ − Kenmotsu

manifold [8]. An (ϵ)-almost contact metric manifold is an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold

if

∇X ξ = ϵ X − η X ξ . (2.9)

In an (ϵ) − Kenmotsu manifold, the following relations hold [8]

(∇X η)(Y)=g(X,Y)−ϵη X η Y ,(2.10)

R X, Y ξ = η X Y − η Y X, (2.11)

R ξ, X Y = η Y X − ϵg X, Y ξ, 2.12

R X, Y ϕZ = ϕR X, Y Z + ϵ{g Y, Z ϕX − g X, Z ϕY + g X, ϕZ Y − g(Y, ϕZ)X }, (2.13)

η R X, Y Z = ϵ[g X, Z η Y − g Y, Z η X ], (2.14)

Let (g,V,λ) be a Ricci solitons in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold. From equation(2.9),we have

Lξ g X, Y = −2[ϵg X, Y − η X η Y ]. (2.15)

In view of equations (1.1) and (2.15),we have

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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S X, Y = ϵ − λ g X, Y − η X η Y . (2.16)

The above equation yields that

QX = ϵ − λ X − ϵη X ξ, (2.17)

S(X,ξ)= −λ g(X, ξ), 2.18

r=n ϵ−λ −ϵ. (2.19)

The conharmoniccurvature tensor Hof type (1,3) on a Riemannian manifold (M n , g) of dimensionnis defined by [9]

1
H(X,Y)Z =R(X,Y)Z - S Y, Z X − S X, Z Y + g Y, Z QX − g X, Z QY . (2.20)
(n−2)

Taking inner product of above equation with ξ and using equations (2.15),(2.16) and (2.17), the conharmonic curvature tensor on
(ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold takes the form

(ϵ−2λ)
η(H(X,Y)Z) =[ϵ + ] g X, Z η Y − g Y, Z η X . (2.21)
(n−2)

Putting X=ξ in equation (2.20)and using equations (2.2),(2.3),(2.12),(2.16),(2.17) and (2.18),

we obtain

2λ 1
H(ξ,Y)Z =[1 − + ] η Z Y − ϵg Y, Z ξ . (2.22)
n−2 n−2

By putting Y=ξ in equation 2.20 and using equations 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.12 2.17 , 2.18

and 2.19 , we get

λϵ 1
H(X,ξ)Z =[1+ + ][ϵ g X, Z ξ − η Z X] + λ g X, Z Y − η Z X .(2.23)
n−1 2(n−1)

Again by putting Z=ξ in equation 2.20 and using equations 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.11 , 2.17 and

2.18 , we get

1 2λϵ
H(X,Y)ξ =[1 + − ] η X Y − η Y X .(2.24)
n−2 n−2

Pseudo projective curvature tensor Pis defined by [16]

r a
P (X,Y)Z=a R(X,Y)Z+b[ S(Y,Z)X−S(X,Z)Y] − + b g Y, Z X − g X, Z Y . (2.25)
n n−1

Putting X=ξ in above equation and using equations (2.12),(2.16)and (2.18),we get

rϵ a
P (ξ,Y)Z=[a+λϵb + + b ] η Z Y − ϵg Y, Z ξ + b[ϵg Y, Z ξ − η Y η Z ξ]. 2.26
n n−1

Also by virtue of equation (2.25),we obtain

rϵ a
P (X, Y)ξ=[a-bλϵ + +b ] η X Y−η Y X . 2.27
n n−1

Using equation (2.16) in equation (2.25),we get

r a
η(P(X,Y)Z)= [aϵ-(ϵ − λ)b+ ( + b)] g X, Z η Y − g Y, Z η X . (2.28)
n n−1

Example: Consider 3-dimensional manifold M={(x,y,z)ϵR3 ;Z≠ 0}, where x, y, z

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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are the standard coordinates in R3 .

Let {e1 , e2, e3 } be linearly independent given by

∂ ∂ ∂
e1 = z , e2 = z , e3 = −z .
∂x ∂y ∂z

Let g be the Riemannian metric defined by g(e1 , e3 )=g(e2 , e3 )=g(e1 , e2 )=0,

g(e1 , e1 )=g(e2 , e2 )=g(e3 , e3 )=ϵ,

where ϵ = ± 1, Let η be the 1 − form defined by η Z = ϵg(Z, e3 ) for any Z∈TM n .

Let ϕ be the 1,1 − tensor field defined by

ϕ e1 = −e2 , ϕ e2 = e1 , ϕ e3 = 0.

Then using the linearity property of ϕ and g we have

η e3 = 1, ϕ2 Z = −Z + η Z e3 ,

g(ϕZ, ϕW)=g(Z,W)-η(Z)η(W),

for any vector fields U,W ∈ TM n .

Let ∇ be the Levi − Civita connection with respect to metric g , we have

[e1, e2 ]=0, [e1, e2 ]=ϵe1 , e2 , e3 = ϵe2 .

The Riemannian connection ∇ of the metric g is given by Koszul’s formula

2g(∇X Y, Z)=X(g(Y,Z))+Y(g(Z,X))-Z(g(X,Y))-g(X,[Y,Z])-g(Y,[X,Z])+g(Z,[X,Y]),

and by virtue of it we have

∇e 1 e3 = ϵe1 , ∇e 2 e3 = ϵe2 , ∇e 3 e3 = 0,

∇e 1 e3 = 0, ∇e 2 e2 = −ϵe3 , ∇e 3 e3 = 0,

∇e 1 e1 = −e3 , ∇e 1 e1 = 0, ∇e 3 e1 = 0,

for ξ=e3 . Hence the manifold under consideration is an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifolds of

three –dimension.

3. Ricci solitons in a𝐧 𝛜 − 𝐊𝐞𝐧𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐬𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐝satisfying R(𝛏, 𝐗).𝐇 =0.

Let (R(ξ, X).H)(Y,Z)U=0, then we have

R(ξ, X) H(Y,Z)U- H(R(ξ, X)Y,Z)U- H(Y,R(ξ, X)Z)U- H(Y,Z)R(ξ, X)U=0. (3.1)

By virtue of equations (2.12)and (2.20), above equation reduces to

η(H Y, Z U)X − ϵg(X, H(Y,Z)U)ξ − η Y H(X,Z)U + ϵg(X,Y) H (ξ, Z)U - η(Z) H(Y,X)U

+ ϵg(X,Z) H (Y,ξ)U- η U H(Y,Z)X + ϵg(X,U) H (Y,Z)ξ = 0. 3.2

Taking the inner product of above equation with ξ and using equations 2.2 and 2.3 ,

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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we get

ϵg(X, H(Y,Z)U)=ϵη(X)η H Y, Z U − η Y η(H(X,Z)U)+ϵg(X,Y)η(H (ξ, Z)U)

−ϵη(Z)η(H (Y,X)U)+ϵg(X,Z)η(H(Y,ξ)U)-η U η(H(Y,Z)X)

+g(X,U)η(H (Y,Z)ξ). 3.3

In view of equation (2.21), above equation takes the form

ϵg(X, H(Y,Z)U)= K[ϵg Y, U η X η Z − ϵg Z, U η X η Y + g Z, U η X η Y

−ϵg(X, Y)g(Z, U)--g(Y,U)η X η Z + ϵg(Y,U)g(X,Z)], (3.4)

(ϵ−2λ)
where K=[ϵ + ].
(n−2)

By virtue of equation (2.20),above equation gives

ϵ
ϵ‘R(Y, Z, U)X – [ϵS Z, U g X, Y − ϵS Y, U g X, Z + ϵg Z, U S X, Y ϵg Y, U S(X, Z)]
n−2

= K[ϵg Y, U η X η Z − ϵg Z, U η X η Y + g Z, U η X η Y

−ϵg(X, Y)g(Z, U)--g(Y,U)η X η Z + ϵg(Y,U)g(X,Z)]. (3.5)

(ϵ−2λ)
where K=[ϵ + ].
(n−2)

Putting X=U=ei and taking summation over i,1 ≤ i ≤n, we get

ϵS(Y,Z)=0, (3.6)

which on using equation (2.16) and by putting Y=Z=ξ, gives

λ=0.

This shows that λ is steady.Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem (3.1): A Ricci soliton in an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifold withξ as space − like vector

field or time − like vector field satisfying R(ξ, X).H =0, is steady.

4. Ricci solitons in an (𝛜) − 𝐊𝐞𝐧𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐬𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐝satisfying S(𝛏,X).H =0

Let S(ξ,X).H =0, which gives

(S(X,ξ). H)(Y,Z)U=((X∧s ξ)H)(Y, Z)U

=(X∧s ξ)( H Y, Z U + H((X∧s ξ) Y, Z U)

+ H(Y,(X∧s ξ)Z)U + H(Y, Z)(X∧s ξ)U, (4.1)

where the endomorphism (X⋀S Y) is defined by

(X⋀S Y)Z = S Y, Z X − S X, Z Y. (4.2)

Now, from equations (4.1) and (4.2), we get

(S(X,ξ). H)(Y,Z)U = S(ξ, H(Y, Z)U)X - S(X, H (Y,Z)U)ξ + S ξ, Y H(X, Z)U)

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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−S X, Y H ξ, Z U + S ξ, Z H Y, X U − S X, Z H Y, ξ U

+S ξ, U H Y, Z X − S X, U H Y, Z ξ. (4.3)
Assuming (S(X, ξ). H)(Y, Z)W = 0, then above equation reduces to

S(ξ, H(Y, Z)U)X −S(X,H (Y,Z)U)ξ + S ξ, Y H(X, Z)U − S X, Y H ξ, Z U

+S ξ, Z H Y, X U − S X, Z H Y, ξ U+S ξ, U H Y, Y X

−S X, U H Y, Z ξ = 0. (4.4)

Taking inner product of above equation with ξ, we get

ϵη(X) S(ξ, H(Y, Z)U)- S(X,H(Y,Z)U)+S ξ, Y η( H X, Z U) − S X, Y η( H ξ, Z U)

+S ξ, Z η( H Y, X U) − S X, Z η( H Y, ξ U) +S ξ, U η( H Y, Z X)

−S X, U η H Y, Z ξ = 0. (4.5)

In view of equations (2.16)and (2.18),above equation reduces to

(ϵ − λ) g(X,H(Y,Z)U)=(1-λ)η X η(H(Y, Z)U) –ϵλη Y η(H(X,Z)U)+η X η Y η H ξ, Z U

−ϵλη Z η H Y, X U + η X η Z η H Y, ξ U − ϵλη U η H Y, Z X

+η(X)η U η( H Y, Z ξ)-(ϵ − λ){g(X,Y)η H ξ, Z U + g X, Z η H Y, ξ U

+g X, U η H Y, Z ξ = 0, (4.6)

which on using equation (2.21)gives

(ϵ − λ) g(X,H(Y,Z)U)=K[ 2 − λ − λϵ g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

− g X, Y η Z η U − g Z, X η Y η U

− ϵ − λ {g X, Y η Z η U − g Z, X η Y η U }], 4.7

(ϵ−2λ)
where K=[ϵ + ].
(n−2)

Now by use of equation (2.20), above takes the form

(ϵ−λ)
(ϵ − λ) g(X,R (Y, Z)U) – [S Z, U g X, Y − S Y, U g X, Z
n−2

+g Z, U S X, Y − g Y, U S X, Z ]

=K[ 2 − λ − λϵ g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

− g X, Y η Z η U − g Z, X η Y η U

− ϵ − λ {g Y, U g X, Z − g X, Y g Z, U }], (4.8)

Using equation (2.16) in above equation, we get

(ϵ−λ)
(ϵ − λ)R(Y,Z,U)X) – [ ϵ − λ {g(Z, U)g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z
n−2

+g Z, U g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z } − g X, Y η Z η U
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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+g X, Z η Y η U − g Z, U η X η Y + g Y, U η(X)η(Z)]

=K[ 2 − λ − λϵ g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

− g X, Y η Z η U − g Z, X η Y η U

− ϵ − λ {g Y, U g X, Z − g X, Y g Z, U }]. (4.9)

Putting X=U=ei and taking summation over i,1 ≤ i ≤n, we get

(ϵ − λ) S Y, Z = 0, (4.10)

which on using equation (2.16),gives

ϵ − λ [ ϵ − λ g Y, Z − η Y η Z ] = 0. (4.11)

Putting Y=Z=ξin above equation,we get

1
either = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝜆 = . (4.12)
𝜖

Now,if ξ is space − like vector field in an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifolds, then from above

equation 4.12 , we obtain

either λ = 0 or λ > 0,

which shows that either λ is steady or expanding .

Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem (4.1): A Ricci Soliton in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold with ξ as space − like vector field satisfying condition S ξ, X . H =
0, is either steady or expanding.

Again, if we assume vector field ξ as time − like vector field in an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifolds,

then in view of equation 4.12 , we obtain

either λ = 0 or λ < 0,

which shows that eitherλ is steady or shrinking.

Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem (4.2):A Ricci soliton in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold with ξ as time − like vector field

satisfying condition S ξ, X . H = 0, is either steady or shrinking.

5. Ricci solitons in a𝐧 𝛜 − 𝐊𝐞𝐧𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐬𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐝satisfying𝐏(𝛏, 𝐗).H=0.

LetP(ξ, X).H =0, where P is pseudo-projective curvature tensor.

Then we have

(P(ξ, X).H)(Y,Z)U=0,

which gives

P (ξ, X)H(Y,Z)U-H(P(ξ, X)Y,Z)U-H(Y, P(ξ, X)Z)W-H(Y,Z) P(ξ, X)U=0. (5.1)

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Using equation (2.26) in above equation, we get

K1 [η(H Y, Z U)X − ϵg(X, H(Y,Z)U)ξ − η Y H X, Z U + ϵg X, Y H ξ, Z U

−η(Z)H(Y,X)U +ϵg(X,Z)H(Y,ξ)U-η U H(Y,Z)X+ϵg(X,U)H(Y,Z)ξ]

+b[ϵg X, H Y, Z U ξ − η X η H Y, Z U ξ + ϵg X, Y H ξ, Z U

−η X η Y H ξ, Z U + ϵg X, Z H Y, ξ U − η X η Z H Y, ξ U

+ϵg X, U H Y, Z ξ − η X η U H(Y, Z)ξ]= 0, (5.2)

rϵ a
where K1 = a + λϵb + +b .
n n−1

Taking the inner product of above equation with ξ, we get

K1 [ϵη(X)η(H Y, Z U) − ϵg(X, H(Y,Z)U)−η Y η(H X, Z U) + ϵg X, Y η(H ξ, Z U)

−η(Z)η(H(Y,X)U) +ϵg(X,Z)η(H(Y,ξ)U)-η U η(H(Y,Z)X)+ϵg(X,U)η(H(Y,Z)ξ)]

+b[ϵg X, H Y, Z U − η X η H Y, Z U ξ + ϵg X, Y η(H ξ, Z U)

−η X η Y η(H ξ, Z U) + +ϵg X, Z η(H Y, ξ U) − η X η Z η(H Y, ξ U)

+ϵg X, U η(H Y, Z ξ) − η X η U η(H Y, Z ξ)] = 0. 5.3

In view of equation 2.21 , above equation reduces to

𝜖(K1 − b)g X, H Y, Z U = K1 K 2 [ ϵ − 1 g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

+ϵ g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y g Z, U

+K1 b ϵ − 1 g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y η U η Z = 0, (5.4)

which on using equation (2.21), gives

K 1 −b ϵ
𝜖(K1 − b)R Y, Z, U X − [S Z, U S X, Y − S Y, U g X, Z + g Z, U S X, Y
n−2

−g Y, U S X, Z ] = K1 K 2 [ ϵ − 1 g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

+ϵ g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y g Z, U

+K1 b ϵ − 1 g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y η U η Z = 0. 5.5

Usingequation 2.16 in above equation, we get

K 1 −b ϵ
(K1 − b)ϵR Y, Z, U X − [2(ϵ − λ){g Z, U g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z
n−2

+g Z, U g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z } − g X, Y η Z η U

+g X, Z η Y η U − g Z, U η X η Y + g Y, U η X η(Z)]

= K1 K 2 [ ϵ − 1 g Y, U η X η Z − g Z, U η X η Y

+ϵ g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y g Z, U

+K1 b ϵ − 1 g X, Z η Y η U − g X, Y η U η Z = 0. 5.6

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 11 75 – 85
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Putting X=U=ei and taking summation over i,1 ≤ i ≤n, we get

𝜖 K1 − b S Y, Z = 0. (5.7)

Using equation (2.17) in above equation, we get

(K1 − b)ϵ[ ϵ − λ g Y, Z − η(Y)η(Z)] = 0, (5.8)

Putting Y=Z=ξ above equation, we get

either λ = 0 or K1 − b = 0,(5.9)

Now, supposeξ is space like vector fields in an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifolds, then from

above equation 5.9 , we obtain,

eitherλ = 0 or λ < 0,

which shows that λ is either steady or shrinking. Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem (5.1):A Ricci soliton in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold with ξ as space − like vector

field satisfying condition P(ξ, X). H = 0, is either steady or shrinking.

Again if we assume vector field ξ as time − like vector field in an ϵ − Kenmotsu manifolds,

then in view of equation 5.9 , we obtain

λ = 0 orλ > 0,

which shows that λ is a either steady or expanding.

Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem(5.2): A Ricci soliton in an ϵ − Kenmotsumanifold admitting ξ as time like vector

fieldsatisfyingP(ξ, X).H =0, is either steady or expanding.

6. Ricci solitons in a𝐧 𝛜 − 𝐊𝐞𝐧𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐬𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐝 satisfyingH(𝛏 , 𝐗 ).P=0.

The condition H(ξ, X). P = 0, implies that

(H(ξ, X). P)(Y, Z)U = 0,

which gives

H (ξ, X)P(Y,Z)U-P (H(ξ, X)Y,Z)U-P (Y, H(ξ, X)Z)U-P (Y,Z) H(ξ, X)U=0, (6.1)

Using equation (2.22)in above equation,we get

η(P Y, Z U)X − ϵg(X, P(Y,Z)U)ξ − η Y P X, Z U + ϵg X, Y P ξ, Z U

−η(Z)P(Y,X)U+ϵg(X,Z)P(Y,ξ)U-η U P(Y,Z)X+ϵg(X,U)P(Y,Z)ξ]= 0, (6.2)

2λ 1
where K= 1 − + .
n−2 n−2

Taking the inner product of above equation with ξ, we get

ϵη(X)η(P Y, Z U) − ϵg(X, P(Y,Z)U)−η Y η(P X, Z U) + ϵg X, Y η(P ξ, Z U)

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−η(Z)η(P (Y,X)U)+ϵg(X,Z)η(P (Y,ξ)U)-η U η(P(Y,Z)X)

+ϵg(X,U)η( P (Y,Z)ξ)]= 0. 6.3

In view of equation 2.28 above equation reduces to

ϵg(X, P(Y,Z)U)=K[ϵg X, Z g Y, U − ϵg X, Y g(Z, U)], (6.4)

which on using equation (2.25) gives

𝜖 ag X, R Y, Z U + ϵb S Z, U g X, Y − S Y, U g X, Z
rϵ a
− + b g Z, U g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z
n n−1

= K g Y, U η Z − g Z, U η Y . (6.5)

Using equation (2.16) in above equation, we get

ϵ a g X, R Y, Z U + ϵb[ ϵ − λ g X, Y g Z, U − g Y, U g X, Z

−g X, Y η Z η U + g X, Z η Y η U ]

rϵ a
− + b g Z, U g X, Y − g Y, U g X, Z
n n−1

= K g Y, U η Z − g Z, U η Y . (6.6)

Putting X=U=ei and taking summation over i,1 ≤ i ≤n, we get

ϵ a S(Y, Z) = K g Y, ei η Z − g Z, ei η Y , (6.7)

which on using equation (2.16), gives

ϵa[ ϵ − λ g Y, Z − η(Y)η(Z)]= K g Y, ei η Z − g Z, ei η Y . (6.8)

Putting Y=Z=ξ in above equation, we get

λ = 0,

which shows that λ is steady.

Thus we can state as follows-

Theorem (6.1):A Ricci soliton in an (ϵ)-Kenmotsu manifold with ξ as space − like vector

field satisfying condition H(ξ, X). P = 0, is steady.

𝐑𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬

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