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Problem Set 3

This document provides 6 problems related to normal shock waves in fluid dynamics: 1. Find flow properties downstream of a normal shock in a constant area tube with given upstream conditions. 2. Find exit conditions if a normal shock occurs just before the exit of a convergent-divergent nozzle. 3. Given exit conditions, find upstream and throat conditions for flow with a normal shock before the exit. 4. Determine if a normal shock can occur in given locations of a convergent-divergent duct with given upstream conditions. 5. Determine if a shock tube wall will rupture given a normal shock with initial conditions. Find maximum allowable pressure. 6. Iteratively solve

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49 views1 page

Problem Set 3

This document provides 6 problems related to normal shock waves in fluid dynamics: 1. Find flow properties downstream of a normal shock in a constant area tube with given upstream conditions. 2. Find exit conditions if a normal shock occurs just before the exit of a convergent-divergent nozzle. 3. Given exit conditions, find upstream and throat conditions for flow with a normal shock before the exit. 4. Determine if a normal shock can occur in given locations of a convergent-divergent duct with given upstream conditions. 5. Determine if a shock tube wall will rupture given a normal shock with initial conditions. Find maximum allowable pressure. 6. Iteratively solve

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lava_life
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© © All Rights Reserved
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MECH-430 Fluids 2

Problem Set 3: Normal Shock Waves


Due in class: 21st February, 2017

1. Air flows in a constant area tube at 𝑀1 =3, 𝑃1 =75kPa and 𝑇1 =300K. If a stationary
normal shock wave is created within, find the Mach number, M2, static temperature, T2
and pressure P2 downstream of the shock.

2. Air flows in a convergent-divergent nozzle with an exit-to-throat area ratio of 5. The


inlet stagnation pressure and temperature are 𝑃𝑜1 = 200𝑘𝑃𝑎, 𝑇𝑜1 = 298𝐾. Find the
exit condition, i.e. 𝑀𝑒 , 𝑇𝑒 , 𝑃𝑒 , if a normal shock is found right before the exit.

3. A flow of air enters convergent-divergent channel and the state at the exit of the
divergent section is measured. A normal shock is found right before the exit. If it is
measured that the exit condition is the following: 𝑀𝑒 = 0.5774, 𝑇𝑒 = 450𝐾, 𝑃𝑒 =
300𝑘𝑃𝑎.
a. Find the following state upstream of the shock: 𝑀𝑥 , 𝑃𝑥 , 𝑇𝑥 , 𝑃𝑜𝑥 , 𝑇𝑜𝑥 .
b. Find the following state at the throat: 𝑀𝑡 , 𝑃𝑡 , 𝑇𝑡 .

4. A flow is fed by a nitrogen gas tank with stagnation pressure, 𝑃𝑜1 =150kPa and
stagnation temperature, 𝑇𝑜1 =293K and enters a convergent-divergent duct with an exit-
to-throat area ratio of 3.
a. Is it possible to have a (stationary) normal shock in the convergent section? Why?
b. If a normal shock is found somewhere in the divergent section, find the Mach
number, 𝑀𝑡 , static temperature, 𝑇𝑡 , and pressure Pt at the throat.
𝐴
c. If the shock is found at a location with 𝐴𝑠 =2.5 in the divergent section, find the Mach
𝑡
numbers, static temperatures and pressures downstream of the shock and at the
exit.

5. Supposed a constant area tube of diameter 6cm is filled with acetylene, 𝐶2 𝐻2


(gamma=1.25), with initial state: 𝑀1 = 3, 𝑃1 = 50𝑘𝑃𝑎. The end of the tube is made of a
piece of thin (porous) film with maximum allowable (normal) force of 2kN.
a. If a normal shock wave is created and settled within the tube with the given initial
state, is the film going to rupture?
b. If the initial Mach number is held constant, what is the maximum allowable initial
pressure?

6. A flow of air in a convergent-divergent nozzle is fed by a tank at 𝑃𝑜 = 600𝑘𝑃𝑎 and 𝑇𝑜 =


303𝐾. The nozzle has an exit-to-throat diameter ratio of 2.5. If the exit pressure is
𝐴
forced to be at 350kPa. Solve (iteratively) for the location, 𝐴𝑠 , of the shock, if a shock is
𝑡
present, and the exit Mach number.

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