CALL TO

ACTION
The 2016 Provincial
Nutrition Situation,
Facts and Figures

Based on the Operation Timbang Plus

Results of 2016
 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3
PROVINCIAL NUTRITION SITUATION IN SUMMARY .................................................................................................. 6
TRENDS ANALYSIS ON DIFFERENT NUTRITION INDICATORS ................................................................................ 7
PERCENT OF OPT COVERAGE ............................................................................................................................................ 7
8 YEARS TREND ON UNDERNUTRITION PREVALENCE AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN QUEZON ...... 8
COMPARATIVE TREND ON THE PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION AMONG PRE SCHOOL
CHILDREN 2013-2016 ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
MAGNITUDE OF MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN QUEZON PROVINCE FROM 2013-2016 ................................ 10
MAGNITUDE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN IN QUEZON PROVINCE FROM 2013-2016 ............. 11
GENDER CLASSIFICATION FROM 2013-2016 ................................................................................................................ 12
PART 1 PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN ..................................................................................................................................... 12
TOTAL NUMBER OF PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016 ..................................................................... 13
GENDER CLASSIFICATION .......................................................................................................................................... 13
RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES BY PERCENTAGE OF OPT+ COVERAGE ....................................................... 14
UNDERNUTRITION
WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (UNDERNUTRITION) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL
CHILDREN WEIGHED ......................................................................................................................... 14
WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (UNDERNUTRITION) GENDER CLASSIFICATION ................................................ 16
RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGEST PREVALENCE OF UNDERNUTRITION ....................... 20
RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES WITH LARGEST NUMBER OF UW AND SUW PSC ............................ 20
WASTING
HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT (WASTING) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL
CHILDREN WEIGHED ......................................................................................................................... 21
HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT (WASTING) GENDER CLASSIFICATION .......................................... 23
MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF WASTED AND SEV. WASTED ........................... 27
MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF WASTED AND SEV. WASTED .................................. 27
STUNTING
HEIGHT-FOR-AGE (STUNTING) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN
MEASURED ......................................................................................................................................... 29
HEIGHT-FOR-AGE (STUNTING) GENDER CLASSIFICATION .............................................................. 30
MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF STUNTED AND SEVERELY STUNTED .............. 33
MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF STUNTED AND SEVERELY STUNTED ..................... 33
PART 2 SCHOOL CHILDREN.............................................................................................................................................. 34
PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF UNDERNUTRITION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN 2013-2016 ........................ 35
PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN 2013-2016 ..... 36
MAGNITUDE OF UNDERNOURISHED SCHOOL CHILDREN 2013-2016................................................................... 37
COMPARATIVE ASESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN FROM
1

2013-2016................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Page

TOTAL NUMBER OF SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016 ............................................................................. 37

GENDER CLASSIFICATION OF SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016 .......................................................... 38
NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016 ..................................... 39

ABOUT THE COVER

Call to action speaks for the elevation of roles of different nutrition workers across the province. In
achieving sustainable intervention, nutrition workers in Quezon province are supported through training and
technical assistance subsidized by the Provincial Government. The artist justifies the call of action theme by
inculcating Barangay Nutrition Workers, whose primary job is to lead the battle cry of ending hunger and
malnutrition in the barangays. Final output rendered by Gaye Elaine Perez. Photo taken by Nigel S. Imperial
and Allan B.Valencia at Catanauan Quezon.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This document was made possible by the contributions and support of the Provincial Nutrition Action Office
staff and personnel.
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 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

CGS Child Growth Standards

DEPED Department of Education
DOST Department of Science and Technology
FNRI Food and Nutrition Research Institute
OB Obese
OPT+ Operation Timbang Plus
OW Overweight
PNAO Provincial Nutrition Action Office
PSC Pre-School Children
SC School Children
SD Standard Deviation
SST Severely stunted
ST Stunted
SUW Severely Underweight
SW Severely Wasted
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
UW Underweight
W Wasted
BNS Barangay Nutrition Scholars
WHO World Health Organization
LGU Local Government Units

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INTRODUCTION

Quezon is considered as one of the under nutrition stricken province in the Region.
Economic development is dependent on agricultural improvement hence under nutrition is
still a problem of Local Government Units. Quezon, as sparsely populated at 225 persons
per sq. km with a total population of 2,122,830 has 59.7% of food insecure1 households.
Also, 79%2 of the total population resides in the rural areas which have limited access to
health and nutrition services of the local government units. Hence, malnutrition is a major
problem in the province.

In 2016, there are 50,826 stunted and severely stunted 0-71 months pre-school children as
indicated in the OPT results of the Provincial Nutrition Action Office while 33.9%
prevalence was indicated in the FNRI National Nutrition Survey. It is more likely to say
that 3 out of 10 pre-school children in Quezon province are stunted. This alarming data
coincides with the national picture of 33.4% stunting rate. Also, it was found out that
49.7% of these stunted children came from the poorest sector of our society1.

Population in Quezon increased by 15% in the last 10 years. Growth rate in the province is
registered at 1.61 in 2010. This gradual increase indicates high demand of food
commodities that affects nutritional status. As reported by FNRI, CALABARZON had the
lower total food intake when compared to the national estimate 1. That’s why only 38.5 of
children ages 6-23 months meet the Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD 3) in 2015.

Although under nutrition prevalence significantly declined on the past year, but the
magnitude rises, still, there is a long way to go to achieve zero malnutrition in the
province.

The aim of the author is to publish this report annually to highlight the situation and focus
the attention of the readers to the affected sectors, particularly children ages 0-71 months.
This will also provide broad overview of the status of nutrition in Quezon province
particularly.

1
DOST-FNRI (2015) Regional Dissemination Forum: 2015 updating of the Nutritional Status of Filipino
4

Children and other Population groups Region IV A (CALABARZON)

Page

2
Philipine Statistics Agency (2015) Quezon Quickstat 2015
3
MDD-Proportion of Children 6-23 months of age who receives foods from at least 4 food groups.
The causes of nutritional problems require a clear understanding of interrelationships
between health, agricultural, social, economic and political factors in order to develop
multisectorial programmes. Recognizing these problems starts here. Identifying who,
where and how many are affected by malnutrition, brings the ball game to program
implementers.

JULIUS CARMELO A. PARCAREY RN MSN

Author

Disclaimer: All data presented in this document came from the Operation Timbang Plus results done by Barangay Nutrition
Scholars submitted to the Provincial Nutrition Action Office. However for comparison purposes, the author will associate data set
from OPT and data set from FNRI’s 2015 National Nutrition Survey. All information presented herein is factual. Stated opinions
are those of the author and are not representative or endorsed by the Provincial Government of Quezon.

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PROVINCIAL NUTRITION SITUATION IN SUMMARY

Figure 1
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 TRENDS ANALYSIS ON DIFFERENT NUTRITION INDICATORS

PERCENT OF OPT+ COVERAGE

Operation Timbang (OPT) Plus is the annual weighing and height measurement of all pre-
schoolers 0-71 months old or below six years old in a community to identify and locate the
malnourished children. Data generated through OPT Plus are used for local nutrition
action planning, particularly in quantifying the number of malnourished and identifying
who will be given priority interventions in the community. Moreover, results of OPT Plus
provide information on the nutritional status of the pre-schoolers and the community in
general, thus, providing information on the effectiveness of the local nutrition program4.

The graph shows the trend on OPT coverage in Quezon Province over a period of eight
years from 2009 to 2016. The vertical axis on the graph shows the percentage coverage
while the horizontal axis shows the years. The red horizontal line indicates the ideal OPT
coverage in every Local Government Unit. 7 out of 8 years have not met the ideal
coverage. 2009 with 89% is the only year which the province have achieved the above
required OPT coverage. 2013 with 66% is the year with the lowest coverage of OPT+
followed by year 2016 with 66.61%.

100% 89%
PERCENTAGE COVERAGE

79% 78%
80% 73% 73% 71%
66% 66.61%
60%

40%

20%

0%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Table 1

The OPT target is computed based on the most recent population census of the Barangay.
Population is multiplied by 16.2% to arrive at the estimated (target) number of pre-
schoolers to be weighed.
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4
National Nutrition Council (2015) Operation Timbang Plus. http://www.nnc.gov.ph/plans-and-
programs/philippine-food-and-nutrition-surveillance-system/operation-timbang-plus
 8 YEARS TREND ON UNDERNUTRITION PREVALENCE AMONG PRE SCHOOL
CHILDREN IN QUEZON

The graph shows the 8 years declining trend of the under nutrition prevalence among pre-
school children in Quezon province. The vertical axis corresponds to the percentage
prevalence rate while the horizontal axis indicates the years of gathering data. The highest
indicated prevalence was 17.92 percent in 2009 in comparison with the lowest prevalence
of 9.32 percent in 2016. 8.6 percent is the mean difference from 2009 to 2016 with an
average annual decrease of 1.075 percent. One can notice a dramatic decline on the
prevalence rate between the years 2009 and 2010 and a steady decrease from 2010 to 2016
respectively.

20

17.92
PREVALENCE RATE

15

12.9 12.87 12.3

10 10.75
11.34 11.14 9.32

0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Table 2

Globally, under nutrition contributes to increasing number of deaths among children under
5 years old. In the Philippines based on the FNRI data, under nutrition prevalence posed at
21.5% while 19% is reported in CALABARZON. The data covered in the graph presented
is based on the provincial OPT data of 2016. Although the data suggest slight improvement
in the past years there are no correlation studies that will analyse that all improvement are
based on the programs and policies introduced by local government units. However it is
more likely to perceive, that these improvements are due to the fact that programs are
indeed effective in reducing the under nutrition prevalence rate. What is evident
nevertheless, is that the critical level of under nutrition is entering now in the single digit
format which is actually a better perception of improvement.
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 COMPARATIVE TREND ON THE PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF
MALNUTRITION AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN 2013-2016

There are three graphs in the chart. The figure breaks down the annual prevalence rate of
under nutrition, wasting and stunting in a four year period from 2013-2016. Vertical axis
demonstrates the prevalence rates of the three nutritional statuses while the horizontal axis
indicates the past 4 years. Stunting has the highest prevalence rates among the three,
followed by stunting while wasting has the lowest rates.

30 27.64
26.08

25
20.61
PREVALENCE RATE

20 16.17

15 11.34 11.14 10.75

9.32
10

5
6.11 7.02 6.34
0 3.6
2013 2014 2015 2016

UNDERNUTRITION WASTING STUNTING

Table 3

Only the under nutrition prevalence has a marked a steady decline in the last 4 years. All
three rates in 2014 has significant decline in their prevalence rates. However, both stunting
and wasting had a substantial increase peaking at 27.64 and 7.02 respectively in the
following year. However, both rates increased again and peaked in 2015. It is noted that
the wasting and stunting rates are all time high in 2015. Nevertheless, from 2015-2016 all
prevalence rates show steady decline leaving at 26.08 stunting rate, 9.32 under nutrition
rate and 6.34 wasting rate.

The declining trend shows that decreasing prevalence rates in all categories means
improving nutritional statuses among pre-schoolers. At the present rate of progress, it will
take many years to reduce malnutrition among children province wide. However, it is
projected that nutritional status will improved. As indicated by WHO in 2004, an overall
improvement in the global situation is anticipated. By calculating the global prevalence
9

rate on under nutrition from 1990 to 2015, indeed there is a significant reduction of global
Page
underweight from 26.5 in 1990 to 17.6 in 20155. Hence, the worldwide trend and the
national trend coincide with the decreasing prevalence in Quezon.

In wider view, as reported by the NNC regional Office, Quezon has the highest prevalence
rates in the region ranking number 1 in all categories while FNRI determines that the
province has under nutrition prevalence of 26.1, stunting with 33.9, wasting with 7. 1.

MAGNITUDE OF MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN QUEZON PROVINCE FROM

2013-2016

The graph shows the magnitude of undernourished, wasted and stunted children ages 0-71
in Quezon province in the last 4 years from 2013 to 2016.

60,000 56,430
52,311 50,826
MAGNITUDE OF AFFECTED CHILDREN

50,000
40,903
40,000

30,000 24,346
22,419 21,957
18,156
20,000

10,000 14,337
12,130 11,668 12,357
0
2013 2014 2015 2016

UNDERWEIGHT AND SEVERELY UNDERWEIGHT WASTED AND SEVERELY WASTED

STUNTED AND SEVERELY STUNTED

Table 4

Vertical axis demonstrates the number of affected children while the horizontal axis
indicates the years. Stunting has the largest number of affected children while wasting has
the lowest. There are fluctuations in the number of affected children in the last years. Both
stunting and wasting has increasing trend from 2013 up to 2015 and then a sudden
decrease in the last year. However, under nutrition has over all decreasing trend only
peaking at 1,927 in 2014 more than the previous year.
10

5
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de Onis M, Blössner M, Borghi E, Frongillo EA, Morris R. (2004) Estimates of Global Prevalence of
childhood underweight in 1990 to 2015, Journal of American Medical Association. 2004;291:2600
The information that the table showed, decreasing trend in the most recent years, is
regarded still as a positive development. However, one cannot deny the fact that all of
these data are pointing a problem not only in the province but also in the national and
global setting. As reported by the NNCRO, all the rates presented in the table were the
highest among the 5 provinces of CALABARZON.

MAGNITUDE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN IN QUEZON

PROVINCE FROM 2013-2016

The graph shows the magnitude of obese and overweight children ages 0-71 in Quezon
province from 2013-2016. One can notice the erratic changes in the number of children for
the previous years. The intermittent changes came between the years 2013, 2104 and
2015. However, in 2016 all three statuses came down by a 15-24%.
8,000 7,222
7,000 6,337
5,882
6,000
PREVALENCE RATE

4,530
5,000 4,139 5,839
4,000 3,175 3,409
4,551
3,000
2,000 2,636 752
1,000
0 638
2013 2014 2015 2016
OVERWEIGHT (Weight for Age OBESE OVERWEIGHT (HEIGHT/LENGTH FOR WEIGHT)

Table 5

This data also proves the increasing number of overweight and obese children as stated in
the FNRI‘s National Nutrition Survey, 5 out of 10 preschool children are overweight for
their height in CALABRZON. In Quezon, the prevalence of obese and overweight is 2.2
lower than the Philippine average of 3.9. However, this significant data coincides also with
the OPT data of Quezon province which will be presented further in this document.
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GENDER CLASSIFICATION OF WEIGHED PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN FROM 2013-
2016
The figure illustrates the two gender classification among children weighed in 4 years.
Absolutely there are more pre-school
males than females who are weighed
in the last four consecutive years.
2016 100,484 94,353
This also accords with the vital
statistics6 of Quezon with more male
births than females by .08% in 2013.
2015 105,491 98,686
2014 has the highest weighed
children in both males and females
category accumulating to 218,596
2014 112,149 106,447 combined. 2016 has the lowest
weighed children in both males and
females category with 194,837
2013 101,911 96,604 children combined.

MALE FEMALE PART 1 PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN

Malnutrition can be defined as a state of nutrition where the weight for age, height for age
and weight for height indices are below -2 Z-score of the CGS reference. The worldwide
malnutrition estimation rates indicate that 35.8% of preschool children in developing
countries are underweight, 42.7% are stunted, and 9.2% are wasted7. Currently the World
Health Organization recommends the use of Z-score or Standard deviation (SD) system to
grade under nutrition of children. This method measures all three indices which are
stunting, wasting, underweight. In this document, classification of nutritional status,
prevalence, percentages and magnitude will be presented.

The graph below shows that among the 1.8 Million population of Quezon Province
(represented by the green area) there should have 292,484 children ages 0-5 years of age
which is represented by the beige area. However, out of this target number only 66% or
194,838 of the target children have been weighed as represented by the orange area. 12

6
Philippine statistics Agency (2016) Quezon Quickstat.
Page

7
Müller O, Krawinkel M. Malnutrition and health in developing countries. CMAJ. 2005;173:279–286. doi:
10.1503/cmaj.050342
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN
Target population is the group WEIGHED IN 2016
estimated based on the
computation established by the
National Nutrition Council set at ACCES
Children
16.2% of the total population. 194,8
estima
sc
TARGET POPULATION
Accessible population is the group Estimated Number of Pre
School Children ages 0-71 ;
that are measured in actuality. 292,484; 14%

QUEZON POPULATION ;
1,805,458; 86%

Children Weighed in 2016

Quezon Population Estimated Number of Pre School Child

Figure 3

The weighed children are very much smaller compared to the target population. As
presented also in table 1, only 66.61% children are weighed out of the total target
population in 2016. This is in concurrent with the OPT results of the region at 68.7%. With
the low coverage of the OPT, this only shows that there are identified valid factors
affecting the operation Timbang Plus. Physical limitations of the nutrition workers,
financial constraints and geographical isolated locations are some of the reasons of not
achieving the required coverage in the province. It is also noteworthy that the target
population across the board is higher than the actual population of children to be weighed.
This is in reference to table 7, ranking of municipalities by percentage of OPT coverage.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION
The graph shows the gender difference
102,000
percentage among the weighed pre-school
100,000
100,484 children. Out of the total children weighed,
98,000
52%
13

96,000 52% or 100,484 are male while 48% or

94,000 94,353 are female. It is also noted that
Page

94,353
92,000
48%
based on the annual trend of weighed re-
90,000
BOYS GIRLS
school children, there are more males than females.

RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES BY PERCENTAGE OF OPT+ COVERAGE

1 JOMALIG 99.59 21 ATIMONAN 64.27
2 SAN FRANCISCO 90.96 22 BUENAVISTA 62.85
3 SAN ANTONIO 86.89 23 TAGKAWAYAN 62.84
4 AGDANGAN 83.51 24 SAMPALOC 62.81
5 PEREZ 80.95 25 PITOGO 62.14
6 CALAUAG 80.43 26 PLARIDEL 61.99
7 MAUBAN 76.45 27 SARIAYA 61.50
8 DOLORES 76.41 28 LOPEZ 61.31
9 TIAONG 75.71 29 GUMACA 61.18
10 SAN ANDRES 74.54 30 CANDELARIA 61.06
11 PATNANUNGAN 72.68 31 LUCBAN 59.72
12 PAGBILAO 71.69 32 GEN. NAKAR 58.60
13 REAL 70.74 33 MULANAY 57.24
14 POLILLO 70.55 34 QUEZON 56.62
15 PADRE BURGOS 70.00 35 GUINAYANGAN 56.04
16 BURDEOS 69.00 36 MACALELON 55.89
17 ALABAT 67.50 37 UNISAN 53.95
18 PANUKULAN 67.16 38 GEN. LUNA 52.40
19 SAN NARCISO 67.03 39 INFANTA 51.28
20 CATANAUAN 65.65 TOTAL 67.00
Table 7

The table shows the ranking of municipalities based on the highest percentage of Operation
Timbang Plus coverage in 2016. Only six (6) municipalities have reached the necessary
80% and above OPT coverage for the year. 33 municipalities did not reached the required
OPT coverage.
Jomalig posed at number 1 rank has 99.59% OPT coverage followed by San Francisco
(90.93%), San Antonio (86.89%), Agdangan (83.51%), Perez (80.95%), Calauag
(80.43%), Mauban (76.415), Dolores (76.41%), Tiaong (75.71%) and San Andres
(74.54%). on the other hand Infanta has the lowest OPT coverage with 51.28%.

WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (UNDERNUTRITION) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL

CHILDREN WEIGHED

This section determines the weight-for-age data among pre-schoolers in Quezon.

According to UNICEF, underweight (moderate to severe) has below minus two standard
14
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deviations from median weight-for-age of reference population; while the severe has below
minus three standard deviations from median weight for age of reference population8.

This reference points are clearly stated in the CGS used by different nutrition workers in
the locales.

2% 2%

7%

NORMAL
UNDERWEIGHT
SEVERELY UNDERWEIGHT
OVERWEIGHT

89%

Figure 3

It is clear from the information given in this pie chart, out of the total 194,837 weighed
kids in this category (weight-for-age), the large blue area resembles 89% or 173,277
children with normal weight. 7% or 13,852 are underweight, 2% or 4,299 severely
underweight while 2% or 3,409 are overweight. This only shows that there are more kids
with normal weight based on their age in Quezon Province.

15
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8
DEFINITION OF INDICATORS. UNICEF. ttps://www.unicef.org
WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (UNDERNUTRITION) GENDER CLASSIFICATION
There are more boys than girls weighed in this category. 52% or 97,138 are boys while
48% or 91,369 are girls.

GIRLS
BOYS
48%
52%

Figure 4

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GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF PRE SCHOL CHILDREN WITH NORMAL WEIGHT
PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 7267 6965

6-11 MONTHS 6994 6620

12-23 MONTHS 14726 14546

24-35 MONTHS 15415 14353

36-47 MONTHS 15492 14532

48-59 MONTHS 15704 14762

60-71 MONTHS 13280 12621

BOYS GIRLS
Figure 5

Figure presents the gender classification in connection with the magnitude of weighed
children with normal weight-for-age based on the identified age brackets. The 48-59
months age bracket has the largest number with normal weight-for-age both in males and
females with 15,704 and 14,762 children respectively. On the other hand, the 6-11 months
age bracket has the fewest number of children with normal weight in both males and
females category.

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GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF OVERWEIGHT PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE
BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 650 584

6-11 MONTHS 220 179

12-23 MONTHS 349 326

24-35 MONTHS 231 182

36-47 MONTHS 168 125

48-59 MONTHS 134 63

60-71 MONTHS 143 55

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 6

The bar chart gives information about the most number of overweight children in the
identified age brackets in months in connection with their gender classification. There are
more overweight children in the 0-5 month’s age bracket in both the males and females
category. On the other hand, the boy’s 48-59 age brackets has the smallest number of
overweight children while the 60-71 months age bracket is the lowest in the girls category.

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GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF UNDERWEIGHT PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE
BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 171 130

6-11 MONTHS 327 212
12-23 MONTHS 1143 777
24-35 MONTHS 1370 1060
36-47 MONTHS 1399 1330
48-59 MONTHS 1507 1501
60-71 MONTHS 1574 1351

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 7

60-71 months old age bracket has the largest number of underweight in the boys’ category
with 1,574. While 48-59 months old age bracket has the largest number in the girls’
category with 1,501. The 0-5 month’s old age bracket has the smallest number of
underweight children in both categories.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF SEVERELY UNDERWEIGHT PRE SCHOOL

CHILDREN PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 93 86

6-11 MONTHS 136 109

12-23 MONTHS 430 279

24-35 MONTHS 392 386

36-47 MONTHS 396 368

48-59 MONTHS 363 421

60-71 MONTHS 410 430

BOYS GIRLS
19

Figure 8
Page
12-23 months old in boys has the largest number of severely underweight children while
the 60-71 months has the largest number in the girls. O-5 months has the smallest number
in both boys and girls category with 179 in total.

RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST RANKING OF MUNICIPALITIES WITH

PREVALENCE OF UNDERNUTRITION LARGEST NUMBER OF UW AND SUW PSC
9
1 BURDEOS 22.15 same 1 LOPEZ 1,383
2 SAN NARCISO 20.67 ↑4 2 SAN NARCISO 1,121
3 JOMALIG 20.33 ↓2 3 CANDELARIA 975
4 BUENAVISTA 18.19 ↑8 4 SAN FRANCISCO 953
5 POLILLO 15.03 ↑18 5 GUMACA 920
6 PATNANUNGAN 14.29 ↑30 6 SARIAYA 878
7 REAL 14.28 ↑24 7 CALAUAG 852
8 LOPEZ 14.06 ↑31 8 CATANAUAN 773
9 PITOGO 13.01 ↓5 9 TAGKAWAYAN 683
10 GUINAYANGAN 12.77 ↑21 10 BURDEOS 676
11 PANUKULAN 12.36 ↓9 11 PAGBILAO 666
12 QUEZON 12.32 ↓16 12 TIAONG 662
13 GUMACA 12.26 ↑25 13 BUENAVISTA 626
14 TAGKAWAYAN 12.2 ↓12 14 REAL 623
15 MACALELON 11.91 ↓3 15 SAN ANDRES 546
16 SAN ANDRES 11.89 ↓6 16 INFANTA 535
17 PADRE BURGOS 10.34 ↓10 17 MAUBAN 533
18 CATANAUAN 10.24 ↓11 18 POLILLO 528
19 SAN FRANCISCO 10.03 ↑22 19 GUINAYANGAN 515
20 PEREZ 9.23 ↓15 20 MACALELON 309
21 CALAUAG 9.22 ↑28 21 PITOGO 285
22 INFANTA 8.62 ↓19 22 PATNANUNGAN 267
23 GEN. LUNA 8.58 same 23 LUCBAN 259
24 CANDELARIA 8.03 ↓14 24 JOMALIG 249
25 PAGBILAO9 7.68 ↓13 25 ATIMONAN 245
26 PLARIDEL 7.29 ↓17 26 PADRE BURGOS 244
27 SAMPALOC 6.86 ↓20 27 SAN ANTONIO 218
28 MAUBAN 6.27 ↓27 28 MULANAY 213
29 UNISAN 6.13 ↑32 29 GEN. LUNA 206
30 SARIAYA 5.67 ↓26 30 PANUKULAN 178
31 TIAONG 5.26 ↑34 31 QUEZON 174
32 LUCBAN 5.15 ↑35 32 DOLORES 166
33 DOLORES 4.42 same 33 PEREZ 158
34 SAN ANTONIO 4.4 ↑36 34 UNISAN 149
35 GEN. NAKAR 4.35 ↑38 35 GEN. NAKAR 113
36 MULANAY 4.27 ↓29 36 SAMPALOC 92
37 ALABAT 3.75 ↑39 37 PLARIDEL 78
38 ATIMONAN 3.71 ↓37 38 ALABAT 71
39 AGDANGAN 1.7 ↓7 39 AGDANGAN 29
QUEZON PROVINCE 9.32 TOTAL 18,151
20

Table 8 Table 9
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9
Assessment based on the 2015 ranking.
The two tables presents the ranking of municipalities with
highest prevalence of under nutrition and the ranking of
municipalities with largest number of UW and SUW Pre-
school children in Quezon province in 2016. Both tables
19/20
Municipalities with
demonstrate different municipalities in the province based on
the variables presented.
highest prevalence
of under nutrition
Table 8 identifies the ranking of municipalities which has the in CALABRZON are
upmost prevalence rates. The left most column identifies the in Quezon.
ranked followed by the name of the municipality then the
prevalence rate accumulated in 2016 and the comparative analysis based in the 2015
ranking.

Burdeos ranked first with 22.15 prevalence rate and they stayed in the position since 2015,
followed by San Narciso with 20.67% which moved upward from being ranked 4 in 2015.
Third spot is the municipality of Jomalig with 20.33% which came down from the second
spot in 2015. Fourth is Buenavista with 18.19% moving up from 8th place, tailed by Polillo
with 15.03%. Agdangan has the lowest prevalence rate at 1.71% followed by Atimonan
with 3.71% and Alabat with 3.75% There are 3 municipalities which did not change spot
since 2015 these are the municipalities of Burdeos, General Luna and Dolores. Moreover,
16 municipalities moved upward while 20 moved downward on their previous spots.
______ has the largest leap moving upward in ____ levels. This only connotes that the
under nutrition prevalence is getting worst. On the other hand, the municipality of
_____________ has the greatest improvement moving ___ level downwards. All top 19
municipalities are included in the regions’ nutritionally depressed municipalities list.

Table 9 presents the municipality with the most number of identified underweight and
severely underweight pre-schoolers in 2016. Lopez has the most number with 1,383
followed by San Narciso (1,121), Candelaria (975), San Francisco (953), Gumaca (920),
Sariaya (878), Calauag (852), Catanauan (773) Tagkawayan (683) and Burdeos on top 10
with 676. Furthermore, the municipality of Agdangan has the smallest number with only
29 identified UW and SUW followed by Alabat with 71 and Plaridel with 78.

Based on the identified datas,

HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT (WASTING) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL

21

CHILDREN WEIGHED
Page
This section determines the height/length-for-weight nutritional classification among pre-
schoolers. This indicates the wasting (Moderate to severe) which has below minus two
standard deviations from median weight for height of reference population.10

3%
3%
3%

4%

NORMAL
WASTING
SEVERELY WASTING
OBESE
OVERWEIGHT

87%

Figure 9

The figure shows the relative size distribution of nutritional classification among children
in the height/length-for-weight category. Out of the total 178,335 weighed kids in this
category 87% or 155,545 children are with normal height/length-for-weight represented
by the blue area, while 4% or 7,423 are wasted (orange), 3% or 4,934 severely wasted
(gray), 3% or 4,551 obese (yellow) and 3% or 5,882 are overweight (navy blue).

22
Page

10
DEFINITION OF INDICATORS. UNICEF. ttps://www.unicef.org
HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT (WASTING) GENDER CLASSIFICATION

GIRLS
48% BOYS
52%

Figure 10

The figure displays the gender distribution among pre-schoolers weighed in the
height/length-for-weight category. Among 178,335 children there are 48% or 86,353 girls
and 52% or 91,982 boys.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF PRE SCHOL CHILDREN WITH NORMAL

HEIGHT/LENGTH-FOR-WEIGHT PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 6157 5979

6-11 MONTHS 6158 5890

12-23 MONTHS 13712 13431

24-35 MONTHS 14647 13617

36-47 MONTHS 14823 14121

48-59 MONTHS 15288 14707

60-71 MONTHS 8824 8191

23

BOYS GIRLS
Page

Figure 11
The figure illustrates the gender distribution among pre-schoolers weighed in the
height/length-for-weight category with normal nutrition classification. Among 178,335
children there are 48% or 86,353 girls and 52% or 91,982 boys. It can be seen that the 48-
59 months old in both categories has the largest number with 15,288 boys and 14,707 girls.
On the other hand, the age bracket 0-59 months old has the smallest number in boys while
6-11 months old has the smallest number in females.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF OVERWEIGHT (HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT)

PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 567 453

6-11 MONTHS 353 341

12-23 MONTHS 538 577

24-35 MONTHS 492 446

36-47 MONTHS 465 440

48-59 MONTHS 414 339

60-71 MONTHS 231 226

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 12

The figure displays the gender distribution and magnitude of overweight children in
different age brackets in the height/length-for-weight category. There are more overweight
boys than girls in this category. 0-5 months old has the most number of overweight boys
with 567 while the 12-23 months old age bracket has the most number with 577. the 60-71
months old age bracket has the least number in both categories with only 457 children
combined. 24
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF OBESE (HEIGHT/LENGHT-FOR-WEIGHT) PRE
SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 528 445

6-11 MONTHS 295 218

12-23 MONTHS 497 419

24-35 MONTHS 389 299

36-47 MONTHS 361 270

48-59 MONTHS 330 202

60-71 MONTHS 214 84

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 13

The graph represents the magnitude of obese children in 2 categories ranked based on age
brackets. Again, there are more obese boys than girls and most of them can be found in the
0-5 month’s old bracket in both categories with 528 boys and 445 girls. Moreover, the least
numbers are in the 60-71 months age bracket with only 214 boys and 84 girls.

25
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF WASTED PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE
BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 415 339

6-11 MONTHS 336 276

12-23 MONTHS 786 630

24-35 MONTHS 725 700

36-47 MONTHS 632 691

48-59 MONTHS 593 692

60-71 MONTHS 267 341

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 14

It highlights the proportions of wasted boys and girls in each age bracket. There are more
wasted boys than girls in his nutritional status classification. The most number of wasted
males can be found in the 12-23 months old age bracket with 786. While 24-35 months old
has the most number of wasted girls with 700. The least numbers can be found in two
distinct age brackets 60-71 month old in boys with 267 and the 6-11 months old in girls
with 276.

26
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF SEVERELY WASTED PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER
AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 333 373

6-11 MONTHS 252 171

12-23 MONTHS 577 417

24-35 MONTHS 596 384

36-47 MONTHS 534 286

48-59 MONTHS 459 260

60-71 MONTHS 194 98

BOYS GIRLS

Figure 15

There are more severely wasted boys than girls as represented by this figure. In
comparison, there are 2,945 boys while 1,989 are girls. It also indicates that the most
number of severely wasted boys are found in the 24-35 months old age bracket while the
12-23 age brackets has the largest SW girls. However, the 60-71 months old has the least
number with only 198 boys and 89 girls.

MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST

PREVALENCE OF WASTED AND SEV. NUMBER OF WASTED AND SEV.
WASTED WASTED
1 SAN NARCISO 12.2 1 SARIAYA 1014
2 BUENAVISTA 11.84 2 CANDELARIA 815
3 GUINAYANGAN 10.03 3 TIAONG 712
4 MACALELON 9.8 4 GUMACA 676
5 PITOGO 9.37 5 SAN FRANCISCO 671
6 BURDEOS 9.21 6 CALAUAG 656
7 TAGKAWAYAN 9.2 7 LOPEZ 618
8 GUMACA 8.98 8 MAUBAN 584
9 PANUKULAN 8.96 9 SAN NARCISO 578
10 AGDANGAN 8.33 10 PAGBILAO 517
11 REAL 8.17 11 TAGKAWAYAN 515
12 POLILLO 8.16 12 CATANAUAN 488
13 CANDELARIA 7.8 13 BUENAVISTA 404
14 PLARIDEL 7.76 14 GUINAYANGAN 355
27

15 GEN. LUNA 7.76 15 REAL 343

16 SARIAYA 7.52 16 SAN ANDRES 302
Page

17 CATANAUAN 7.49 17 BURDEOS 281

 18 LOPEZ 7.33 18 LUCBAN 271
19 CALAUAG 7.1 19 MACALELON 254
20 SAN FRANCISCO 6.96 20 POLILLO 249
21 QUEZON 6.94 21 ATIMONAN 240
22 MAUBAN 6.86 22 PITOGO 205
23 PATNANUNGAN 6.8 23 MULANAY 198
24 SAN ANDRES 6.57 24 GEN. LUNA 186
25 TIAONG 6.54 25 PADRE BURGOS 153
26 P. BURGOS 6.48 26 AGDANGAN 142
27 JOMALIG 6.29 27 PANUKULAN 129
28 PAGBILAO 5.95 28 PATNANUNGAN 127
29 PEREZ 5.75 29 UNISAN 117
30 LUCBAN 5.39 30 DOLORES 92
31 UNISAN 4.82 31 QUEZON 88
32 MULANAY 3.97 32 PEREZ 83
33 ATIMONAN 3.63 33 PLARIDEL 83
34 SAMPALOC 2.62 34 JOMALIG 77
35 DOLORES 2.45 35 SAN ANTONIO 56
36 ALABAT 2.22 36 ALABAT 42
37 SAN ANTONIO 1.13 37 SAMPALOC 35
38 GEN. NAKAR 0.04 38 GENERAL NAKAR 1
39 INFANTA NO DATA 39 INFANTA 0
TOTAL 6.93 TOTAL 12357
Table 10 Table 11

The table specifies the ranking of municipalities according to the highest prevalence rates
and most number of wasted and severely wasted pre-schoolers of Quezon province in
2016. Table 10 presents the prevalence rate ranking while table 11 presents the magnitude
ranking.

Municipality of San Narciso has the highest wasting prevalence at 12.2% followed by
Buenavista with 11.84, Guinayangan with 10.03, Macalelon with 9.8 and Pitogo with
9.37%. On the contrary, General Nakar has the lowest prevalence with 0.04% followed by
San Antonio with 1.13 and Alabat with 2.22%. Out of the 39 locales only the municipality
of Infanta does not have submitted data which presents the wasting of children in the area.
In total, 6.93% is the wasting prevalence of Quezon province recorded in 2016.

Moreover, the top 5 municipalities with most number of wasted and severely wasted
children are Sariaya, Candelaria, Tiaong, Gumaca and San Francisco in descending order.
There are identified 1,014, 815, 712, 676 and 671 children respectively. While the
following have the least number with General Nakar reported 1 case, Sampaloc with 35
cases and Alabat with 42 cases. Again Infanta did not submit pertinent data. In total,
Quezon province has 12,357 wasted and severely wasted children.
28
Page
Both data when compared shows different indicative points. Only the municipalities of
Alabat and General Nakar remained in the same ranks in the two tables. This only shows
that the locales with high prevalence rate do not necessarily be the municipality with the
most number of cases.

HEIGHT-FOR-AGE (STUNTING) NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN

MEASURED

4%
10%

NORMAL
17% STUNTED
SEVERELY STUNTED
TALL

69%

Figure 16

Moderate and severe stunting has below minus two standard deviations from median
height for age of reference population11. The slices of the pie chart indicate the distribution
percentage of different categories in the height-for-age nutritional classification among
Quezonian pre-schoolers in 2016.

Out of the total 188,507 weighed kids in this category (height-for-age) 69% or 131,035
children are with normal height-for-age which is represented by the blue color, while 17%
or 31,765 are stunted, 10% or 19,061 are severely stunted while the remaining 4% or 6,646
are tall.
29
Page

11
DEFINITION OF INDICATORS. UNICEF. ttps://www.unicef.org
HEIGHT-FOR-AGE (STUNTING) GENDER CLASSIFICATION

GIRLS
BOYS
48%
52%

Figure 17

This figure represents the distinctive division of two genders in the height-for-age
category. There are more boys than girls measured with 52% of the boys versus 48% of
girls. This accumulates to 97,138 boys and 91,369 girls.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF PRE SCHOL CHILDREN WITH NORMAL HEIGHT-
FOR-WEIGHT PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 5881 5729

6-11 MONTHS 5403 5335

12-23 MONTHS 10164 10916

24-35 MONTHS 11007 10670

36-47 MONTHS 11524 10931

48-59 MONTHS 11938 11257

60-71 MONTHS 10333 9947

30

BOYS GIRLS
Page

Table 12
The illustration shows the gender and magnitude distribution in different age brackets of
pre-school children with normal height. The vertical axis corresponds to the age brackets
provided, while the horizontal axis denotes the genders of the children. The corresponding
numbers per bracket are indicated in the inside end of each gender.

The 48-59 months old age bracket has the most number on both genders. Record shows
that the most number are 11,938 boys and 11,257 girls. While the 6-11 months old age
bracket has the least number with 5,403 boys and 5,335 girls. In total, there are more boys
than girls with normal height in this category.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF TALL PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 1135 1179

6-11 MONTHS 560 509

12-23 MONTHS 847 822

24-35 MONTHS 532 476

36-47 MONTHS 210 202

48-59 MONTHS 50 52

60-71 MONTHS 30 42

BOYS GIRLS

Table 13

Graph presents the gender classification and magnitude of tall pre-school children in
different age brackets. Record shows that there are tall boys than girls who are under 5
years old.

In this figure, it clearly shows that children are more likely to be tall based on the height-
for-weight classification during their first 2 years. There are more tall children in the 0-5
months old age brackets in both genders while the 60-71 months old age bracket has the
least number with 30 only boys and 42 girls.
31
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF STUNTED PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER AGE
BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 577 398

6-11 MONTHS 795 636

12-23 MONTHS 2701 2035

24-35 MONTHS 3132 2636

36-47 MONTHS 3203 3073

48-59 MONTHS 3301 3331

60-71 MONTHS 3160 2787

BOYS GIRLS

Table 14

Table___ presents the difference between gender and magnitude in different age brackets
among pre-schoolers in 2016. There are more stunted children in the 48-59 month’s age
bracket in both the boys and girls category. On the other hand, the 0-5 months old has the
least number of stunted children with 577 boys and 398 girls.

One can notice that among the indicated age brackets, stunting came in at the 12-23
months old bracket sustaining the numbers until the 60-71 age brackets. More so, both 0-5
and 6-11 has the smallest numbers among all the age brackets.

32
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF SEVERELY STUNTED PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER
AGE BRACKET

0-5 MONTHS 394 301

6-11 MONTHS 684 465

12-23 MONTHS 2390 1654

24-35 MONTHS 2150 1638

36-47 MONTHS 1866 1651

48-59 MONTHS 1765 1536

60-71 MONTHS 1406 1161

BOYS GIRLS

Table 15

The bar chart gives information about the most number of severely stunted children in the
identified age brackets in months in associating it in their gender. There are more
severely stunted children in the 12-23 months old age bracket in both the males and
females category. 2,390 boys and 1,654 girls are recorded. On the contrary, the 0-5 months
old age bracket has the least number with 394 boys and 301 girls.

In total there are more severely stunted boys than girls in this nutritional classification.
Furthermore, it is noticeable that the severely stunting is prominent among children 1 year
old to five.

MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST MUNICIPALITIES WITH HIGHEST

PREVALENCE OF STUNTED AND SEVERELY NUMBER OF STUNTED AND SEVERELY
STUNTED STUNTED
1 BURDEOS 40.76 1 TIAONG 3567
2 BUENAVISTA 39.71 2 CALAUAG 2861
3 JOMALIG 38.86 3 MAUBAN 2770
4 GEN. LUNA 38.04 4 LOPEZ 2629
5 PITOGO 37.79 5 SARIAYA 2566
6 PATNANUNGAN 37.63 6 PAGBILAO 2555
7 SAN NARCISO 37.59 7 CATANAUAN 2318
8 GUINAYANGAN 37.04 8 CANDELARIA 2306
33

9 POLILLO 36.97 9 GUMACA 2283

10 PANUKULAN 35.76 10 SAN FRANCISCO 2062
Page

11 REAL 35.19 11 SAN NARCISO 2057

 12 PADRE BURGOS 32.67 12 ATIMONAN 1779
13 MAUBAN 32.56 13 TAGKAWAYAN 1697
14 SAN ANDRES 31.75 14 GUINAYANGAN 1494
15 MACALELON 31.6 15 REAL 1465
16 QUEZON 31.09 16 SAN ANDRES 1459
17 CALAUAG 30.97 17 BUENAVISTA 1350
18 CATANAUAN 30.76 18 POLILLO 1295
19 GUMACA 30.36 19 BURDEOS 1244
20 TAGKAWAYAN 30.3 20 MULANAY 1175
21 PAGBILAO 29.43 21 LUCBAN 1062
22 PLARIDEL 28.69 22 GEN. LUNA 913
23 PEREZ 28.68 23 PITOGO 828
24 TIAONG 28.35 24 MACALELON 819
25 ATIMONAN 26.91 25 PADRE BURGOS 771
26 SAMPALOC 26.91 26 DOLORES 749
27 LOPEZ 26.72 27 PATNANUNGAN 703
28 MULANAY 23.56 28 PANUKULAN 515
29 SAN FRANCISCO 21.6 29 PEREZ 491
30 LUCBAN 21.11 30 SAN ANTONIO 479
31 DOLORES 19.93 31 JOMALIG 476
32 UNISAN 19.13 32 UNISAN 465
33 CANDELARIA 18.99 33 QUEZON 439
34 SARIAYA 16.56 34 SAMPALOC 360
35 ALABAT 9.88 35 PLARIDEL 307
36 SAN ANTONIO 9.66 36 GENERAL NAKAR 188
37 AGDANGAN 8.24 37 ALABAT 187
38 GENERAL NAKAR 7.24 38 AGDANGAN 142
39 INFANTA NO DATA 39 INFANTA 0
TOTAL 29.96 TOTAL 50826
Table 16 Table 17

The tables present the ranking of municipalities in two categories. One is the prevalence
rate and the other is the magnitude of affected children.

Table 6 shows that the municipality of Burdeos has the highest prevalence rate in stunting
with 40.76% higher than the provincial prevalence of 26.08%. Followed by Buenavista
with 39.71, Jomalig with 38.86%, General Luna with 38.04 and Pitogo with 37.79%. On
the contrary, General NAkar ranked with the lowest prevalence rate at 7.24 followed by
Agdangan with 7.24 and San Antonio with 8.24.

Table 6 presents the ranking of municipalities with the largest number of stunted and
severely stunted children in the province. Rank 1 is the municipality of Tiaong with 3,567,
followed by Calauag with 2,861, Mauban with 2,770, Lopez with 2,629 and Sariaya with
2,566. On the other hand, Agdangan has the lowest number of stunted and severely stunted
children with 142, followed by Alabat with 187 and General Nakar with 188. Infanta for
34

the last 3 years did not submit pertinent data regarding stunting.
Page
Stunting data play a large role in shaping Quezon province statistics. It is identified that 3
out of 10 pre-schooler weighed in Quezon are stunted. It also connect with the data from
FNRI which posed at 33.9% in 2015. Moreover, this coincides also with the declaration of
the NNC regional office that Quezon has the highest prevalence in the region with
______%. These figures should be viewed in caution because stunting is becoming one of
the major problems globally.

PART 2 SCHOOL CHILDREN

PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF UNDERNUTRITION AMONG SCHOOL

CHILDREN 2013-201612
25

20 22.94
20.39
15
14.29
10 13.1

0
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017
Table 18

The graph shows the 4 year trend of the provincial prevalence rate of school children in
Quezon province. It clearly shows that within a span of four years, there has been a striking
reduction of the provincial prevalence from 22.94% in 2013 down to 14.29% in 2016.

The vertical axis displays the prevalence rates while the horizontal axis shows the four
academic years. One can notice that from academic years 2013 and 2015 there’s a steady
decline of the prevalence rates. From 2013-2014 there’s a reduction of 2.55%, but the 2015
academic year foremost has the major reduction of 7.29%. However on the following year,
a slight increase of 1.19% has been identified.

Under nutrition can affect cognitive development by causing direct structural damage to
the brain and by impairing infant motor development13
35

12
Nutritional status report of elementary pupils in quezon province baseline data severely wasted + wasted
Page

13
Pitcher J, Henderson-Smart D, Robindon J. Prenatal programming of uman motor function. In: Wintour E,
Owens J, eds. Early life origins of health and disease. New York: Springer Science and Business Media, 2006
In Cebu, stunting at 2 years was associated with delayed school entry, greater grade
repetition and dropout rates, decreased graduation rates from primary and secondary
school, and lower school performance14.

Moreover, there is a positive effect of reduction in the prevalence rates of under nutrition.


PROVINCIAL PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG SCHOOL

CHILDREN 2013-201615
5000 4504 4437
3605
4000 3152
3000
2000 1152 954 1111
813
1000
0
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017

OVERWEIGHT OBESE

Table 19

The chart presented above is the provincial prevalence trend of overweight and obese
school children in a 4 years academic period. There are two graphs presented in the chart,
one is the overweight trend represented by the violet line and the other is the obese trend
represented by the red line.

It is imperative to know that there are more overweight than obese school children all
throughout the 4 school years. 2013-2014 marked the year with the largest number of
children with 4,504 OW and 1152 obese children. However 2014-2015 marked with the
lowest number in both categories.
36

14
Daniels MC, Adair LS. Growth in young Filipino children predicts schooling trajectories through high
Page

school. J Nutr 2004; 134: 1439–46.

15
nutritional status report of elementary pupils in Quezon province baseline data severely wasted + wasted
MAGNITUDE OF UNDERNOURISHED SCHOOL CHILDREN 2013-2016
60,000

40,000 50,767 38,889

37,931
20,000 30,712

0
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017
Table 20

The line graph details the number of undernourished school children in Quezon in 4
academic years. Overall, it can be seen from 2013-2015 that there is a steady decline while
a slight increase were seen in 2016.
Academic year 2013-2014 has the largest number of undernourished children with 50,767,
while 2015-2016 has the lowest with 30,712.

COMPARATIVE ASESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG

SCHOOL CHILDREN FROM 2013-2016
TOTAL NUMBER OF SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016

99.35 % of all enrolled

pupils are weighed in 2016

DEPED QUEZON Total

Enrollment in 2016
274,249
37

Total Enrollment in 2016 Unweighed pupils

Page
 Figure 18

The pie chart illustrates the percentage of children weighed amongst the enrolled school
children of DepEd Quezon in 2016. The green area represents the total enrolment while the
orange area represents the unweighed children.

It is evident from the chart that a great majority of school children are weighed. Out of the
275,049 enrolled pupils in 2016, 99.35% or 274,049 are weighed while the remaining
.65% or 1,782 have not been weighed. Interestingly, since 2013 almost all children are
weighed instantaneously in schools every academic year.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION OF SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016

GIRLS, 130971, 48%

BOYS
GIRLS

BOYS, 141296, 52%

Figure 19

The graph illustrates gender classification of school children weighed in 2016. The
proportion of males is greater than the females in this chart. 52% are boys while 48% are
girls. There are 141,296 boys while 130,971 girls participated in the annual weighing.
38
Page
NUTRITIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN WEIGHED IN 2016

0% 2%

4%

10%

NORMAL
WASTING
SEVERELY WASTING
OBESE
OVERWEIGHT

84%

Figure 20

The pie chart illustrates the percentage of school children based on the identified
nutritional status classification. It is evident from the chart that a great majority of school
children in 2016 has normal weight.

To begin, the proportion of children with normal weight was much greater than the four
other variables. 10% were wasted, 4% are severely wasted, 2& were overweight and a
little over are obese.

39
Page
GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF SEVERELYWASTED SCHOOL CHILDREN PER YEAR
LEVEL

KINDER 771 647

GRADE 1 966 691

GRADE 2 908 610

GRADE 3 916 621

GRADE 4 966 628

GRADE 5 1135 647

GRADE 6 910 573

SPED 37 19

MALE FEMALE

Table 21

The graph classifies the gender and magnitude of severely wasted school children in every
level. There are more SW males than females. Grade 5 indicates the most number of
severely wasted males with 1,135, while grade 1 has the most number with 691 females.
both the SPED level has the least number of SW grade-schoolers in both genders.

40
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GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF WASTED SCHOOL CHILDREN PER YEAR LEVEL

KINDER 1753 1614

GRADE 1 2209 1799

GRADE 2 1984 1798

GRADE 3 2320 1772

GRADE 4 2211 1798

GRADE 5 2470 1903

GRADE 6 2252 1868

SPED 57 36

MALE FEMALE

Table 22

The bar chart gives information about the most number of wasted school children in the
identified grade levels in connection with their gender classification. There are more
wasted school children in grade 5 in both the males and females category. Grade 5 males
have 2,470 while the females have 1,903. On the other hand, the SPED level has the
smallest number with 57 males and 36 females.
In total, there are more wasted males than females totalling to 15,256 versus 12,552.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH NORMAL WEIGHT PER
YEAR LEVEL

41
Page
 KINDER 12329 11927

GRADE 1 15835 14974

GRADE 2 16257 15576

GRADE 3 17880 17179

GRADE 4 17922 17083

GRADE 5 18630 17485

GRADE 6 16904 17308

SPED 311 230

MALE FEMALE

Table 23

The table shows the gender and magnitude distribution in different grade level of school
children with normal weight. The vertical axis corresponds to the grade levels, while the
horizontal axis denotes the genders of the children. The corresponding numbers per bracket
are indicated in the inside end of each gender.

The grade five level had the most number on both genders. Record shows that the most
number are 18,630 males and 17,485 females. While the SPED level has the least number
with only 311 males and 230 females. In total, there are more boys than girls with normal
height in this category.

42
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GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF OVERWEIGHT SCHOOL CHILDREN PER YEAR
LEVEL

KINDER 140 96

GRADE 1 240 171

GRADE 2 262 226

GRADE 3 358 338

GRADE 4 479 298

GRADE 5 557 363

GRADE 6 522 337

SPED 28 22

MALE FEMALE

Table 24

Table ____illustrates the magnitude and gender distribution of school children who are
overweight in identified grade levels. there are more overweight males than femeles
according to the data presented by DepEd Quezon. Again, grade 5 level has the most
number of OW school children in both genders. with 557 males and 363 females.

GENDER CLASSIFICATION AND MAGNITUDE OF OBESE SCHOOL CHILDREN PER YEAR LEVEL

KINDER 42 42

GRADE 1 96 35

GRADE 2 110 48

GRADE 3 167 77

GRADE 4 135 32

GRADE 5 104 45

GRADE 6 114 47

SPED 9 8
43
Page

MALE FEMALE
 Table 25

167 males and 77 females indicated the level with the largest number of school children.
SPED level has the least number with only 17 school children combined. In total there are
more obese males then females.

SUMMARY

MORE QUEZONIAN CHILDREN FACES MALNUTRITION. This report suggests that

that Quezon faces a dilemma in terms of widespread under nutrition province wide. As
indicated in many sources, malnutrition undermines children’s development which also
affects the economy. This substantiates with different studies centring poverty as one of
the main reason of undying malnutrition cycle. The massive number of affected children in
the province connotes that there are still work to be done. Stopping this problem is one of
the major challenges posed at the different local government units.

Certainly, the report showed different categories of malnutrition; under nutrition, wasting
and stunting. These three variables indicate the most prolific forms and thus affecting
Quezonian children mostly. For many years, Quezon has the highest prevalence of
malnutrition in the region. Almost a third of our children under five years old are stunted
which definitely creates a problem in the society. One in every 10 children is wasted and or
underweight. Furthermore, basing on the number there are12, 357 undernourished, 18, 151
wasted and 50, 8926 stunted Quezonian children. Overweight and obesity is also becoming
a problem in this generation. A significant proportion of Quezonian children are affected
which predisposes them to certain nutrition and health risk.

It is noteworthy, that malnutrition is caused by many interrelated factors – food, health,

social and economic among others. While there are reports of enough food for every
family in the province, many Quezonian children continue to become malnourished due to
insufficient intake of food. Moreover, the present economic situation of the province
contributes to the problem which aggravates the condition of our children.
There are so many reasons for us to cite problems.

Prioritize nutrition programs as key to development and make it as the centrepiece of

economic stability in the locale.
Create warriors of change and put on leaders that will spearhead the revolution in nutrition.
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Scale up effective and efficient programs that will push the promotion of different nutrition
related activities in the communities.

Call for Local government Units to better invest in child’s development to hinder the
effects of malnutrition.
Help us fight malnutrition and heed our call to action.

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