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Supplementary Formulae Sheet

The document provides several formulae related to potential flow, compressible flow, and gas dynamics. It defines the vorticity, circulation, stream function, velocity potential, and gives equations for uniform flow, source/sink flow, free vortex flow, and doublet flow. It also provides gas constants, the speed of sound equation, isentropic flow relations, equations for mass flow rate and choked area ratio. Finally, it includes non-isentropic flow relations, the oblique shock deflection angle, oblique shock wave angle, and the Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan function and deflection angle.

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87 views2 pages

Supplementary Formulae Sheet

The document provides several formulae related to potential flow, compressible flow, and gas dynamics. It defines the vorticity, circulation, stream function, velocity potential, and gives equations for uniform flow, source/sink flow, free vortex flow, and doublet flow. It also provides gas constants, the speed of sound equation, isentropic flow relations, equations for mass flow rate and choked area ratio. Finally, it includes non-isentropic flow relations, the oblique shock deflection angle, oblique shock wave angle, and the Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan function and deflection angle.

Uploaded by

Tony WANG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MENG 20600.

Useful Formulae for Part B:


Supplementary Sheet - Some formulae are repeated.
Regarding potential flow:

vorticity      
∂w ∂v ∂u ∂w ∂v ∂u
ω = curl(u) = i − +j − +k −
∂y ∂z ∂z ∂x ∂x ∂y
circulation I
Γ= u · dl = |u| cos(θ) dl

definition of stream function


∂ψ ∂ψ
u= , v=−
∂y ∂x
definition of stream function
1 ∂ψ ∂ψ
ur = uθ = −
r ∂θ ∂r
definition of velocity potential
∂φ ∂φ
u= , v=
∂x ∂y
definition of velocity potential
∂φ 1 ∂φ
ur = uθ =
∂r r ∂θ
uniform flow

ψ = V∞ cos(α) y − V∞ sin(α) x , φ = V∞ cos(α) x + V∞ sin(α) y

uniform flow

ψ = V∞ cos(α) r sin(θ) − V∞ sin(α) r cos(θ) , φ = V∞ cos(α) r cos(θ) + V∞ sin(α) r sin(θ)

Source/Sink flow
Λ Λ
ψ= θ, φ= ln r
2π 2π
Free vortex flow
Γ Γ
ψ= ln r , φ=− θ
2π 2π
Doublet flow
κ cos(θ) κ sin(θ)
φ= , ψ=−
2π r 2π r

1
Regarding compressible flow:

Gas constants
γ = 1.4 and R = 287 J kg −1 K −1 (unless otherwise stated)
Equation of state for a perfect gas
p = ρRT
Speed of sound p
a= γRT
Mach angle
µ = sin−1 (1/M )
Isentropic processes
 γ   γ
p2 ρ2 T2 γ−1 p
= = ; = constant
p1 ρ1 T1 ργ
Isentropic flow relations
  1   γ
T0 γ−1 2 ρ0 γ − 1 2 γ−1 p0 γ − 1 2 γ−1
=1+ M ; = 1+ M ; = 1+ M
T 2 ρ 2 p 2
Mass flow rate through a channel
r   γ+1
γ γ − 1 2 2(1−γ) po
ṁ = 1+ M MA√
R 2 T0
Area ratio: area of channel to area of choked throat
  γ+1
γ−1 2(1−γ)
A 1 + 2
∗
=  γ+1
A 
M 1 + γ−1 2 M 2 2(1−γ)

Non-isentropic, adiabatic flow relations


p2 1 + γM12 T2 1 + 21 (γ − 1)M12
= ; =
p1 1 + γM22 T1 1 + 12 (γ − 1)M22
γ−1 2
ρ2 (γ − 1) + (γ + 1)(p2 /p1 ) 1+ 2 M1
= ; M22 =
ρ1 (γ + 1) + (γ − 1)(p2 /p1 ) γM12 − γ−1
2

Oblique shock deflection angle


  
−1 1 γ−1 2 1
β = θ − tan sin2 θ +
sin θ cos θ γ+1 γ + 1 M12
Oblique shock wave angle
2 cot β M12 sin2 β − 1

tan θ =
(γ + cos 2β)M 2 + 2
Prandlt-Meyer expansion fan function and deflection angle
r r 
γ+1 −1 γ−1 p 
ν= tan (M − 1) − tan−1
2 M2 − 1 ; dν = ν(M2 ) − ν(M1 )
γ−1 γ+1

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