Mathematics Fifth PrimaryAuthors Mr. Omar Fouad Gaballa Prof.Dr. Afaf Abo-ElFoutoh Salah Dr. Essam Wasfi Rouphaeil Mr. Mahmoud Yasser Al-khatieb Mr. Serafiem Elias Skander Revised by Mr. Hussein Mahmoud Hussein ‘Counsellor of Mathematics M0. Issued: 2008 DN. 1122472008 SPN 978-977-6296158th gl oy Dear students: Itis extremely great pleasure to introduce the mathematics book for fifth primary. We have been specially cautious to make learning mathematics enjoyable and useful since it has many practical applications in real life as well as in the other subjects. This gives you a chance to be aware of the importance of learning mathematics, to determine its value and to appreciate the mathematicians roles. This book sheds new lights on the activities as a basic objective. Additionally, we have tried to introduce the subject simply and excitingly to help attaini ‘mathematical knowledge as well as gaining the patterns of positive thinking skills which pave your way to creativity This book is divided into units, each unit contains lessons. Colors and pictures are effectively used to illustrate some mathematical concepts and the properties of | figures. Lingual level of previous study has also been taken into consideration. ‘Our great interest here is to help you get the information by yourself in order to develop your self-learning skills. Calculators and computer sets are used when there's a need for. Exercises, practices, general exams, Activities, unit test, general tests, and final term tests attached with model answers have been included to help you review the curriculum completely. Eventually, we hope getting on the right track for the benefits of our students as well as for our dearest Egypt hoping bright future to our dearest students. Authors:First Term: Unit Fractions Lesson One: Approximating to the nearest hundredth and thousandth. .. .4 Lesson Two: — Comparing fractions 10 Lesson Three: Multiplication: Multiplying factions and decimal numbers by 10, 100, 1000 15 Lesson Four: Multiplying a fraction or a decimal number by an integer number ..17 Lesson Five: Multiplying common fractions 19 Lesson Six: Multiplying decimal fractions 20 Lesson Seven: Division: (1) Dividing fractions Lesson Eight: (2) Dividing fractions and decimal numbers by 10, 100, 1000 Lesson Nine: (3) Dividing an integer by a 3-digit number without having a remainder Lesson Ten: (4) Division by a decimal fraction and by a decimal number General Exercises Activity Unit Test Lesson One: —Whatis a set? Mathmatical expression of a set Belonging of an element to a set Types of sets Lesson Five: Equal sets Lesson Six: Inclusion and subsets Lesson Seven: Intersection of two sets Lesson Eight: Union of two setsLesson Nine: Lesson Tei Lesson Eleven: General Exams Answers ‘The universal set The complement of a set The difference of two sets General Exercises Activity, Unit Test e: Geometry The Circle Drawing a triangle given the lengths of its three sides Drawing line segements from the vertices of a triangle perpendicular to its opposite sides General Exercises ‘Activity Unit Test it four: Probability Experimental Probability Theoretical Probability General Exercises Activity Unit TestList of Symbols Setof even numbers = Equal to Se a aS P—sauipinenmine >) Opie O om tem Inclusion Approximate ratio Union Universal set X-Y X difference ¥ P(E) Probability of event € P(E)ctions Fra S == \ = i] &Convert the following fractions to fractions with denominator 10, then convert to the decimal form: 1428 _ Example: =55=28 es = Be. 2 30 @s. = 18 et 50 20 45 L . ae 50 * * © 25 Write down the following numbers in the form of decimal numbers (as shown): 1123242 8 Example : 12 $5 = 12 fy = 12.46 3. te @s2- @urt- 129 15 _ © “60° ® 500 ~ Write down the following numbers in the form of an integer number and a fraction (as shown): 29 28. Example : 3.28 = 3 755 ® 735- ® cor= © 2562 ® o.003= @ Put the following numbers in their appropriate places inside the rectangles below: 328 , 382, 360 tothe nearest hundred Se B&B to the nearest hundred tothe nearest hundred ” 300 Middle 400© Complete the following table: © Match each number with its approximated value to the nearest unit: 75.57 | 4739 2 @ are i @& 9 15 @® Approximate the following numbers to the nearest tenth: ® o323 ® 276 © w254 3 3 7 ® 673 © uz (ea @ Find the sum of the follwoing operations, then approximate the sum according to the approximation required: @s227 4138 = =o. twthencarest tenth. @rsor + 42145 = to the nearest unit @esaao- 3271 = = tothe nearest ten @rases - 51228 = - to the nearest tenth AL-Ashraaf Printing HouseApproximating to the nearest hundredth and thousandth First: Approximating to the nearest hundredth (Ree © To approximate to the nearest hundreath. © To approximate The teacher asked Fared and Huda to approximate 172.476 to the noarest to the nearest hundredth. thousanath, ate) Paces ‘The number 172.476 is between 172.47 and © Approximating 172.48 s © Hundredth However, it is closer to 172.48 than 172.47 © Thousandth ‘Therefore, 172.476 ~ 172.48 approximated to the nearest hundredth. Hoda suggested: Using the opposite flow chart to approximate the number to the nearest hundredth, Meryoo @ Approximate the following numbers to the nearest hundredth: @ 76514 ~ 7651 ® s2608 ~ 5261 © 175.325 = ® co703 = 7 ®orr= ©st - The capacity of a cola bottle =0.192 titers} = 0.19 liters (to the nearest hundredth) Amicrometer is a device used for precise measuring. It is used to ‘measure the thickness of a paper and twas 0.136 mm. Complete: the thickness ofthe paper Se FAM. (to the nearest hundredth) The reading of the opposite gas meter ie = cubic meter mes (approximate to the nearest PEE hundredth.) AL-Ashraaf Printing Houseeer er ‘The teacher asked Hend to approximate the number 31.6452 to the nearest thousandth. ‘The number 31.6482 is between 31. than 31,646 ‘Therefore, 31.6452 = 31.645 In the opposite figure: Complete the flow chart to represent the steps followed to approximate to the nearest thousandth. Approximate 4.6798 to the nearest thousandth. Result: ‘The digit atthe thousandth place is 9, the digit at the ten thousandth’'s place is 8 which is ‘greater than 5, ‘Therefore, we increase the digit atthe thousanth’s Place by one. Then, it will be=#.6798 - 4.680CE @ complete the following tabi approximate to the nearest approximate to the nearest, ee hundredth ‘thousandth 43,5426 43.54 43.543 537.2083 21.ea7e2 oes27 6.5297 @® compiete: Each tablet contains some ingredients as shown in the following table: “compound weight in (gm) went aperedmated ic A 0.0032 8 0.0546 a 0.1379 Given thatL = 62.3723, M=21.7494. Estimatethe sum of L¢Mthen ‘compare your estimation with the sum to the nearest hundredth. Result: Estimate = 52.3723 =" 21.7494 Estimate of L = 52 52.3723 + 21.7494 Estimate of M= = 744217 = 74.12 Since the value is closer to the estimate, the value a is acceptable. AL-Ashraaf Printing House‘Ahmed bought some stuff from a shopping center. Can you estimate the total of what he Reciept paid in LE approximating itto the nearest ten pounds? price (LE) item Make sure that your estimation is acceptable for the actual sum, 15.25 soap 68.75 washing powder 64.75. perfumes. 98.25 meat 170.5 clothes. 28.25 vegetables @ Approximate 4.7398 to the nearest ® hunareatn ® thousandth @® Choose the correct answer from parantheses: ® 736.502 = 736.59 to the nearest (tenth - hundredth - thousandth). ® 02.497 ~ 82.50 to the nearest (tenth - hundredth - thousandth). to the nearest hundredth (10 - 312 - 313) © 13376 + 18.75 ~ to the nearest hundredth (29.13 - 29.42 - 29.10)© 37.4209 - 14.081 ~ to the nearest hundredth, (23.350 - 23.348 - 23.248) © 2.657 meters = to the nearest centimeter. (866 - 8.66 - 8.6) ‘Write down the smallest decimal fraction that includes the digits (2, 5, 7, 8), then approximate that numer to the nearest hundredth and nearest thousandth. ‘Complete: ® he number 4.559 ~ 4.6 to the nearest © The ditference between at. 0.473 =... =... to the nearest tenth 343, © 3-1 = to the nearest hundredth. ® 4387+ 1000 = to the nearest hundredth Aroad extends for 74389 meters. Find its length in kilometers approximating the result tothe nearest hundredth. Complete: @ se cays mn WORKS, © 255 hours ~ days. © r2aesekiiometers =... kilometers. ® 57 months = os Years, Given that: X= 13.482, Y=7.273 Find X + Y approximating the sum to the nearest hundredth. Estimate the sum of X+ Y. Is your estimation acceptable? Explain. AL-Ashraaf Printing HouseComparing fractions (emer 3 © To compare fractions = g The fraction graphed by The fraction graphed by the colored section =-:- the colored section= ) put (>, < or =) ne Key © greater than > put (> , < or @ lessttan< Bet Bsa tBs Equal to = ual 7 oe @ gta 58 308 8 8 5 10 8 $8 17 11 because 8>5 ORE @ put & , 0501 ( ) Lor ( ) ® se34 (a © ol arr (© teo2s a) @ Fina the values of a, b, and c if: @2.a 5 15 @ Rearrange the following numbers ascendingly: Qx 42, 15° 15 2 2 2 wt Ff am @2 2,3 6 3 2°65 ' 8'8' 4 AL-Ashraaf Printing HouseMultiplying fractions and decimal numbers by 10, 100, 1000 Pd Let's work together — Work with your classmate using the calculator: @® Exner 32.657 on yourcalculatorasilustrated onthe opposite figure, then multiply that number by 10. Notice the change Of the position of the decimal point within the result ee elo 326 %\7 3a How many places has the decimal point moved to the right direction? @ Enter 73.2541 on your claculator, then muitiply that number by 100. Notice the the change of position of the decimal point within the result. = beeen npg How many places has the decimal point moved to the right direction? a fi If we multiply that number by 1000. How many places will the decimal point move to the right, direction? Notice the flow chart illustrating the operations within that lesson: fink) AL-Ashraaf Printing House © Tomuitiply fractions land decimal numbers by 10, 100, 1000 Key Terms (> © Decimal fraction © Decimal numberComplete: 35.321 x 1000 = » 27434 x 100 = . 78621 x 10000 = 123° x 1000 @ compiete: @s18x 10= ©s2x10= © 5,248 x 100 @ 1214 x 100= ©e7x 10= @sarze x 1000= @ezsis x 1000= ®oa41 x 1000=...... O72 x 1000= QD 72.12+27) «102... [email protected]) x 100 Oras xtopt.1= @® Choose the correct answer from the parentheses: @os7 x 100 = (087 - 9870 - 0,987 - 0.0987) @®o.067 x 1000 = (6.7 - 67 - 0.067 - 670) @u3 «0 = (2130 -2.13 -213- 0.0213) @ Put(<, > or=) in the empty spaces: @ar x10 CO are x 100 ©a.251 x 100) 325.1 x 100 ®reis x10 C_) oorats x 1000 @® comprete: ®s.02 kilograms =..grams © te7289 © 273 decimeters = centimeters. © 36 kilometers piasters. meters (‘s) aiff AL-Ashroaf Printing HouseMultiplying a fraction or a decimal number by an integer Fhe work together ‘The math treacher asked the groups in the class to find the area ‘of a rectangle in which the lengths ofits sides are 23.25em and ‘15cm, Each group drew the rectangle and calculated its area in a © Decimal fraction © Decimal numberFind the perimeter of each of the following shapes: 0.088 m 2182 em © tseecra 2000, 3702. 1824, thon complet the fotlontog lying: ® 0226 x7= © x26x7= 0.7 x 52 0.326 x7= 37 x5. 0.00326 x 7 = 3.26 x 17= 3.26 X(7+...)=3.26X74 X05 @® Find the result of each of the following: cow x ® 237 5=... © osx —— @ssaxr=.. © rss2x0 © 215% 7+218%3 @ The price of a bar of chocolate is LE 2.75, what is the cost of 15 bars of the same kind? @ Animes bought 12 cans of juice. The price of each can was LE 1.75. What is the total cost of the juice? How much would the seller pay back to Ahmed if he paid him LE 30?Multiplying common fractions cde Soadwantedto deduce the productof-5-x-.Sheused © Multiplication of common fractions ‘a piece of paper and divided it according to the following steps: r a ie: tx tet 2°3°6 Find the produ AL-Ashraaf Printing HouseMultiplying decimal fractions First: Multiplying =: © © To multiply a decimal fraction by a decimal fraction by. umber. In the opposite figure: The length of the rectangle ABCD is 6 tenths and its width is 4 tenths, 0 The area of the rectangle at the figure = The number of square units ide the shape = 24 hundredths: 0.6 = 6 tenths Complete using the shape: rectangle "noth width area ABCD 04 026 06 x 04-024 Shore (1) of sire @) o3 Find the result of: 37 + one decimal oss 129 ‘number X06 + one decimal 0.32 034 number + Two decimal Qo00 eee 000 6000 6000 @ observe and Complete:Estimating Find the reult 7.6 x 22 tex2a-8t x2 | rosesinacswos |© 10 10 6 1672 22 teosimand 82 ae ame) | Menten ee 12 7 - result of 8 X 2= 16 452 % os, s87 ‘© Numbers can be multiplied as integers, and we find the postition of the decimal point in the result. @ First: estimate the following products, then compare your estimation to the actual result: ® 5896.1 Estimated result actual result 28.7 x 3.1. Estimated result actual result © 39% 0.704 Estimated result actual result @ Find the result: 0.12 x 0. ® 0.625 x07= @12x09= ®12037- © 11.25 x 024= © 036 x 0.75= @® Compare the products of the following by putting < or > or = @is x02 () on x 28 ®osax12 C) saa x o12 ©172 x 0003 C) oa x 03 * AL-Ashraaf Printing HouseUse the resulted products to find the value irst: (2.3 x 7.4) x 0.59. Second: 2.3 x (7.4 x 5.9 ), what do you observe? Find the result: 087 2.03 972 x28 0.07 x 0.46 to make the following sentences true: 25 LJ 12.35 x 0.25 is (42 x a 15 2.06 x 03 x 05 Find the result: @ 23074 ® 74.059 Find the results of: ® 2317 x 075= @issexa2 © 26.2 x 4.7)-3.14 ® (6.32 x 0.18) +0146 Ifthe price of one meter of cloth is LE 6.45, what isthe cost of 2.4 meters of cloth? ‘Acar covers equal distances in equal times. How many kilometers does it cover in 2 hours and 15 minutes if its speed is 73.25 Kilometers per hour? Estimate the products of the following operations, then compare your estimation to the actual result: @s3x27 ®rwsx71 O7e2%43 ‘Salwa bought a piece of cloth with 3.75 meters in length. If the price of one meter of cloth was L.E 33.75, find the cost of cloth approximating it to the nearest pound. AL-Ashroaf Printing House