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Department of Electrical Engineering: Instrumentation Lab EE-702

The document describes an experiment to study speed measurement using an optical encoder. The objective is to obtain operational and calibration characteristics of an optical encoder-based speed instrumentation trainer. An optical encoder uses a rotating disc with alternating transparent and opaque segments mounted on a motor shaft. A light source and photo sensor produce a pulsed signal depending on disc speed. Signal frequency can be calibrated to directly read rotational or linear speed. The procedure involves connecting the speed sensor, observing the analog output waveform on an oscilloscope at different shaft speeds measured by a tachometer, and recording speed readings from the display, voltage and frequency. Graphs of speed vs frequency and tachometer reading vs display reading will be plotted and discussed.

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Mayur Gupta
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49 views3 pages

Department of Electrical Engineering: Instrumentation Lab EE-702

The document describes an experiment to study speed measurement using an optical encoder. The objective is to obtain operational and calibration characteristics of an optical encoder-based speed instrumentation trainer. An optical encoder uses a rotating disc with alternating transparent and opaque segments mounted on a motor shaft. A light source and photo sensor produce a pulsed signal depending on disc speed. Signal frequency can be calibrated to directly read rotational or linear speed. The procedure involves connecting the speed sensor, observing the analog output waveform on an oscilloscope at different shaft speeds measured by a tachometer, and recording speed readings from the display, voltage and frequency. Graphs of speed vs frequency and tachometer reading vs display reading will be plotted and discussed.

Uploaded by

Mayur Gupta
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electrical Engineering

Instrumentation Lab EE- 702

Experiment No.-2: Instrumentation of Speed.

Objective: Study of optical encoder based speed instrumentation trainer.


Obtain the operational and calibration characteristics.

Equipment / Apparatus required: Speed measurement tutor, CRO, digital tachometer.

Theory:

Speed of a rotating shaft can be sensed by a non contact method with the help of an optical
encoder system. A circular disc is mounted on the shaft of motor. The disc has a large number of
segments which are alternately transparent and opaque.

(1.Shaft 2.Ligth source 3.Disc 4.Photo sensor)


.
Figure 1: Configuration of optical encoder .

When the disc is rotated, the light from a source falling on it, is alternately allowed to pass or
stopped. An optical sensor produces a pulsed signal at a frequency depending on the speed of
rotating disc. The frequency of pulse signal obtained, can be calibrated to read the speed directly.

Alternately it can be converted into a voltage signal and calibrated for speed both rotational
and linear (mm/sec)

Specifications :

Range : 3000 mm/sec


Power source : 230V, 50 Hz
Display : 16 X 2 LCD

1
Diagram:

Identify the various stages of functional block diagram (figure2) from input to output
from the panel diagram and circuit diagram attached (figure 3 ) and report .

Procedure:

1. Connect speed sensor unit by a 9 pin connector.


2. Switch on the unit, check : yellow LED
3. Rotate control knob fully (anticlockwise) so that display on LCD is zero RPM.
4. Observe the waveform of analog output on CRO and measure with multi meter. Use
tachometer to measure speed.
5. Rotate the control knob to change speed in steps of 200 RPM ( with help of tachometer ).
Observe the amplitude and frequency with CRO.
6. Record display of speed in RPM & mm / sec, analog output volts and frequency with multi-
meter.

Observations :

S.No Tachometer Display reading Analog Voltage(V) Frequency


reading (RPM) (mm/sec ) RPM (Hz)
1 Zero speed 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 200
3 400
---- --------------------- ----------- ------------- ---------------------- -----------
16 3000

Results:

Plot the graphs: Speed vs. Frequency,


Tachometer reading vs. Display (RPM)

Discussion:

1. Is there some correlation between displays of angular velocity(RPM) and linear


velocity (mm/sec) ?
2. What could be advantage in industrial applications? Explain.
3. What could be the possible role of microcontroller in this set up?

2
Figure 2: functional block diagram of Speed Measurement

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