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Beam Deflection

The document discusses beam deflection and methods for determining beam deflections. It provides the equation for the deflection of a beam under a bending moment as a function of the beam's properties and the bending moment. It also describes the double integration method for determining beam deflections, which involves integrating the bending moment equation twice to obtain the deflection curve. Sample problems are provided to illustrate how to use the double integration method to calculate beam deflections for different loading conditions.

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Chrysler Duaso
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284 views3 pages

Beam Deflection

The document discusses beam deflection and methods for determining beam deflections. It provides the equation for the deflection of a beam under a bending moment as a function of the beam's properties and the bending moment. It also describes the double integration method for determining beam deflections, which involves integrating the bending moment equation twice to obtain the deflection curve. Sample problems are provided to illustrate how to use the double integration method to calculate beam deflections for different loading conditions.

Uploaded by

Chrysler Duaso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Beam Deflection

If EI is constant, the equation may be written as:


The deformation of beam is usually expressed in terms of "=
its deflection from its original unloaded position. The Where x and y are the coordinates shown in the figure of the
deflection is measured from the original neutral surface of elastic curve of the beam under load, y is the deflection of
the beam to the neutral surface of the deformed beam. The the beam at any distance x. E is the modulus of the elasticity
configuration assumed by the deformed neutral surface is of the beam, I represent the moment of inertia about the
known as the elastic curve of the beam. neutral axis, and M represents the bending moment at a
distance x from the end of the beam. The product EI is called
the flexural rigidity of the beam.

The first integration y’ yields the slope of the elastic curve


and the second integration y gives the deflection of the
beam at any distance x. The resulting solution must contain
two constants of integration since EI y” = M is of second
order. These two constants must be evaluated from known
conditions concerning the slope deflection at certain points
of the beam.

Sample problem:
Methods of Determining Beam Deflections 1. Determine the maximum deflection δ in a simply
supported beam of length L carrying a concentrated
Numerous methods are available for the determination of load P at midspan.
δbeam deflections. These methods include:
1. Double Integration method
2. Area-moment Method
3. Strain-energy Method (Castigliano’s Theorem)
4. Conjugate-beam Method
5. Method of Superposition
Of these methods, the first two are the ones that are
commonly used.

Double Integration Method 1 1


EIy "  Px  P x  L
2 2
The double integration method is a powerful tool in solving
2
deflection and slope of a beam at any point because we will 1 1 1
be able to get the equation of the elastic curve. EIy "  Px 2  P x  L  C1
4 2 2
3
In calculus, the radius of curvature of a curve y=f(x) is given 1 1 1
by EIy "  Px 3  P x  L  C1 x  C 2
12 6 2
[1 + ′ ] /
=
"
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore, C2 = 0
In the derivation of flexural formula, the radius of curvature
of a beam is given as
3
= 1 3 1 1
0 PL  P L  L  C1 L
Deflection of beams is so small, such that the slope of the 12 6 2
elastic curve dy/dx is very small, and squaring this 1 1 3
expression the value becomes practically negligible, hence 0  PL3  PL  C1 L
1
12 48
= 1
" C1   PL2
Thus, EI/M = 1/ y” 16
"= Thus,

Prepared by: Engr. Chrysler G. Duaso


3
1 3 1 1 1 2
EIy  Px  P x  L  PL x
12 6 2 16

Maximum deflection will occur at x = L/2 (Midspan)

1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1
EIymax  P( L)  P( L  L)3  PL2( L)
12 2 6 2 2 16 2 5. The simply supported beam shown in Fig. P-610
1 3 1 carries a uniform load of intensity wo
EIymax  PL  0  PL3
96 32 symmetrically distributed over part of its length.
Determine the maximum deflection δ.
PL3
ymax  
48EI

The negative sign indicates that the deflection is below


the unformed neutral axis. Therefore,

PL3
 max 
48EI 6. Compute the value of EI δ at midspan for the beam
loaded as shown in Fig. P-611. If E = 10 GPa, what
Practice Problems: value of I is required to limit the midspan deflection
1. Determine the maximum deflection δ in a simply to 1/360 of the span?
supported beam of length L carrying a uniformly
distributed load of intensity wo applied over its
entire length.
2. Determine the maximum value of EIy for the
cantilever beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-607.
Take the origin at the wall.

7. Compute the midspan value of EI δ for the beam


loaded as shown in Fig. P-612.

3. Find the equation of the elastic curve for the


cantilever beam shown in Fig. P-608; it carries a
load that varies from zero at the wall to wo at the
free end. Take the origin at the wall.
8. If E = 29x106 psi, what value of I is required to limit
the midspan deflection to 1/360 of the span for the
beam in Fig. P-613?

4. As shown in Fig. P-609, a simply supported beam


carries two symmetrically placed concentrated
loads. Compute the maximum deflection δ.
9. For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-614,
calculate the slope of the elastic curve over the
right support.

Prepared by: Engr. Chrysler G. Duaso


15. Find the midspan defection δ for the beam shown
10. Compute the value of EI y at the right end of the in Fig. P-620, carrying two triangularly distributed
overhanging beam shown in Fig. P-615. loads. (Hint: For convenience, select the origin of
the axes at the midpsan position of the elastic
curve.)

11. For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-616,


determine the following: 16. Determine the value of EI δ midway between the
a. The deflection and slope under the load P supports for the beam shown in Fig. P-621.
b. The maximum deflection between the
supports.

12. Replace the load P in problem 11, by a clockwise


couple M applied at the right end and determine
the slope and deflection at the right end.
13. A simply supported beam carries a couple M
applied as shown in Fig. P-618. Determine the
equation of the elastic curve and the deflection at
the point of application of the couple.

14. Determine the value of EI y midway between the


supports for the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-
619.

Prepared by: Engr. Chrysler G. Duaso

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