NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]

ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, Feb. -2017

RF BASED AUTOMATIC RAILWAY TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM

MS. ROHINI MAHADEO GARUD
M.E. Scholar, Department of Electronics, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Warananagar

PROF. B.T. SALOKHE

Department of Electronics, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Warananagar

ABSTRACT: hundred meters, and even a few kilometres [3]. To

With the amplified demand on railway avoid collision, rail routes will be divided into number
services all over the globe as cheapest medium of of segments, and these segments will be electrically
transportation, overall railway infrastructure has insulated from one another [4]. Each train will
been developing rapidly in the last two decades, communicates with nearest station/train [5]. Train will
including its communication system. In the past share information like train ID, track ID etc. And
wired communications system were used for receiver will receive this signal and take action (if
signaling and data communication in the railway required). In this system data acquisition and record
industry. Radio wave systems become more reliable system also plays important role. Data acquisition and
and cheaper; it becomes feasible to use ad-hoc radio record system can collect, record the data [6]. Station
communications as an additional layer of safety, for controller will communicate with PC using RS-232
prevention of crashes between trains in a rail serial communication and display data. This data can
control system. This has led to the invention of new be later useful for analysis, decision making purpose
features for railway safety, high speed monitoring of etc.
railway conditions. Conventional methods of The demands for railway services, train speed
railroad maintenance and safety assurance are and density are consistently increasing in the last two
based on separate periodical inspections of track decades. As a result, more strict safety requirements for
and equipment. These methods have many railway signal control and infrastructure are needed.
limitations like problems about signaling system Accompanying that trend, in recent years, wireless
caused by configuration, high construction cost, communication techniques have also advanced rapidly.
inefficiency about maintenance work, long Especially with smart low cost wireless communication
downtime etc.[1] techniques like ZigBee going into maturity, thus making
KEYWORDS: Railway traffic control system, RF it possible to develop a wireless system to monitor and
communication and zigbee communication etc. control railway's signaling condition. Also, as radio
systems become more reliable and cheaper, it becomes
INTRODUCTION: feasible to use ad-hoc radio communications as an extra
This paper introduced a low cost, low-power layer of safety, to prevent crashes between trains in a
embedded system for railway traffic control and train light rail control system. An effective low cost monitor
collision avoidance. We will be using LPC 2138 system will help the normal function of railway systems.
(ARM7TDMI micro-controller) for low cost, low power, This paper gives a description of the development of one
fast and reliable performance [2] as a hardware such monitoring system. This paper presents existing
platform to monitor and control the stations and trains wireless techniques used in the railway industry for both
operation and ZigBee as an communication platform of communications and signaling purposes. In this paper
wireless area network, which can receive and transmit low cost and low power embedded systems for
also display the station name, train information, controlling the railway traffic control and collision is
warning or situation based alarms and emergency been presented. For implementation of this system 32
signals. ZigBee is low-data-rate wireless network bit LPC 2138 microcontroller of ARM7 hardware is used.
technology, which is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 The advantage of using this hardware platform is it can
wireless personal area network standard. And the combine and transmit zigbee communication plat for of
ZigBee’s data rate is between 10Kbps and 250kbps. wireless area network which is basically used for
ZigBee can build up to a few tens of thousands of transmitting and receiving and display station name and
wireless transmission module consisting of wireless- other related information.
data transmission network platform through the
network node. Each network node can extend the
distance from the standard 75 meters to several

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, Feb. -2017
LITERATURE REVIEW: neighbour trains using Radio frequency
1 Takashi Kunifuji (2002), describes the problem Communication by surveillance system.
with present signalling equipment system. The 5 K. Liu (2008), describes a smart low cost wireless
problems are it takes high cost for construction, it communication technique like WIFI, Bluetooth, and
need much work for maintenance and it takes much ZigBee going into maturity, to develop a wireless
time for restoring when it has failed. So he system to monitor a railway's signaling or control
introduces a network system, which controls or infrastructure condition. The whole system
railway signalling equipment and applications consists of one remote controller and many
utilizing this network. In signal control network all monitor units. The Remote controller is a computer
signal control conditions are multiplied on one pair incorporated with a transceiver. The remote
communication cable. And all sort of data for controller communicates with the nearest monitor
controlling signal equipments are shared over the unit and it is through this communication that an
network. This characteristic brings an advantage operator is able to get data from all monitor units
for the signaling system in the following point, one and sends control commands and monitoring or
is reducing of the construction cost and another control information to the monitor units. Monitor
one is improving flexibility about extension. Also, units are used to collect all kinds of information on
the signal control network is accessible from track condition and signaling. There are two kinds
supervision via internet. of monitor units: one is static and each is
2 Simon Segars (2002), describes, it is required that distributed along the railway, has determined
hardware system have to be fast, low power, and locations and exists all the time in the network. The
multifunctional for better communication and other is dynamic and the unit is installed on the
information services. To fulfil this requirement, the train locomotive, so that it “joins” the network
trend to integrate all the major system functions dynamically and changes their locations
into a single chip becomes rapidly increased. The continuously. Every unit has its unique identity and
key technology in integrating large amount of has both data acquisition function and data
hardware and software into a single chip is not chip communication function.
fabrication but CPU core design. It is possible that 6 Huali Chen (2008), presents the novel data
hardware systems with SOC's (System on Chip), acquisition and record system based on ARM, GPS
which have embedded CPU core, can have lot of and ZigBee technology, which is subsystem of
flexibility in implementing complex algorithms for underground oil pipe online monitoring system and
information technology fields. The different can implement real-time data acquisition, real-time
processors for embedded systems and their data storing and unloading, real-time
architecture are discussed. It also discusses about synchronization, data communication (wire and
various metrics used to evaluate the performance wireless), data real-time displaying, detecting fault,
of embedded processor. giving an alarm and so on. The system adopts Used
3 He Hongjiang (2008), describes the application of the 32 bits LPC2220 microprocessor of ARM7 as
ARM And ZigBee Technology Wireless Networks in hardware platform, and combined μC/OS-II real-
Monitoring Mine Safety System. He uses the time embedded operating system, global
characteristics of wireless sensor networks and the positioning system with ZigBee of wireless local
mature communication technologies of CAN BUS; it area network, the data acquisition and record
implements real-time monitoring and intelligent system not only can collect, record, transmit (wire
warning for underground environment and or wireless), display the complex industrial signals
production parameters. This system is equipped and so on, but also can control these procedures.
with a low power ARM processor chip S3C2410 as
the control of the core and ZigBee as a PROPOSED WORK:
communications platform of wireless In the proposed signalling system, two railway
4 Geethanjali M. (2013), have stated anti-collision station controllers are communicating with each other
system is designed based on wireless through RF transmission [1]. Depending upon whether
communication. The train tracks in railway the platforms, tracks are empty or occupied, the train
network are segmented and given with distinct traffic signalling is controlled by station controller. Also,
track numbers which are read by surveillance if two trains are on the same track, train collisions are
system. This unique track numbers of shared with also prevented during a signalling system breakdown.
Here, each train is implemented with RF module,

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, Feb. -2017
transmits its data to other trains/stations [2]. Trains and track input status. When command is received by
receive data on each other’s locations and based on these station controller, it will check whether the command
data an alarm is given if there is the danger of a possible received from another station controller or from Train
train collision occurring. The driver can then take the module. If command from another station, it will check
appropriate measures to avoid an accident. Also platform and track status and accordingly send reply.
proposed system detects train accidents and that Now if command is received from Train module, station
information is transmitted to stations/trains for further controller will retrieve train route and check whether
actions like disaster management, decision making the down train or up train. Then station controller
strategies [5]. compare received station number with its own station
This paper describes a recently developed number. If match is found train is coming from previous
remote monitoring system, based on a combination of station, otherwise received command from train is
embedded computing (ARM7) and wireless discarded. Then platform status is checked, if empty
communications technology like Zig Bee to monitor and green signal is given to train. Then it checks track status
control the health of railway traffic signaling and train to depart the train to the next station. If track is free,
collision avoidance. request will be send to next station to check the status of
their platform. When next station sends positive reply,
track relay output is turn on with green signal indication.
Similarly when command is received by Train module, it
will check received command from station or from train.
Here train will broadcast route information, track no.
and train ID. If command received from station, it will
update its route information. Now if command is
received from another train, then train will compare
received track no. with its own track number. If match is
found there is possibility of collision on the same track,
so buzzer is turned on and an emergency message is
send on LCD. Then driver will take actions to avoid it.

CONCLUSION:
1. It will provide low cost, Fast and reliable
solution to avoid train collision.
Recently wireless communication systems
have emerged as alternatives to replace wired
system in railway industry. We will use LPC2138
processor of ARM7 as a hardware platform for
controlling the railway signalling operation and/or
train operations and for communication platform
will use ZigBee.

2. It will help in reducing collision of trains

The train tracks in railway networks are
segmented and given with distinct track numbers
which are read by system inside the locomotive. The
track number will be shared with neighbour train
using Radio Frequency Communication by the
We have decided to use the microcontroller System. The system then compares its track number
LPC2138 of ARM7 as hardware platform to monitor and with neighbour train track numbers, on locating
control the station and train operations like controlling same track numbers, steps are taken by the
the traffic signal, communication between train and surveillance system to caution the concerned
station. The system will consists of two station motorman in order to stop the train and avoid
controllers (station controller A and station controller B) mishaps.
and two train module (Train module-1 and Train
module-2). Initially station controller will read platform

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal Of Research Publications In Engineering And Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, Feb. -2017
REFERENCES: Communications, Control and Management, Volume:
1) Takashi Kunifuji, “Safety Requirements about 2, Page: 430, August 2008
Railway Signalling System Utilizing Network and its 4) Geethanjali M., “RF Based Train Collision Avoidance
Implementation”. IEEE Transaction on Data System”. Page: 1 and 2 Published in 13-15 December
Communications, Maintenance engineering, Volume: 2013.
2, Page:579, 2002 5) K. Liu*, “Smart Wireless Railway Monitoring System”,
2) Simon Segars, “Embedded Control Problems, Thumb, Transaction on railway communication, intelligent
and ARM7TDMI”. IEEE Transaction on Micro, Volume sensors, Page: 1, 18-20 June 2008
15, Issue: 5, Page: 23, 06 August 2002 6) Huali Chen, “Design of Data Acquisition and Record
3) He Hongjiang, “The Application of ARM and ZigBee System Based on ZigBee and GPS”. IEEE Transaction
Technology Wireless networks in Monitoring Mine on Computation Intelligence, Volume: 1, Page: 682,
Safety System”. IEEE Transaction on Computing 19-20 Dec, 2008.

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