Teaching Listening
INTRODUCTION
- Listening is the natural precursor to speaking.
- It has been said that over 50% of student’s learning time is devoted to listening.
- Listening gives the learner information from which to build up the knowledge necessary
for using the language.
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TYPES OF LISTENING
1. ONE-WAY LISTENING—typically associated with the transfer of information (transactional
listening).
2. TWO-WAY LISTENING—typically associated with maintaining social relations
(interactional listening).
LISTENING PROCESSES
1. BOTTOM-UP PROCESSES – “piece-by-piece”; going from the parts to the whole
2. TOP- DOWN PROCESSES – going from the whole to the parts; inferencing
LISTENING TECHNIQUES
1. Listening to stories
2. Oral cloze
3. Picture ordering
4. What is it?
5. Same or different
6. Listen and choose
7. Listen and draw
8. Padded questions
LISTENING SUPPORT
1. Providing prior experience
2. Providing guidance during listening
3. Working in groups to support listening
STRATEGIES
1. Communication strategies
2. Learning strategies
DIFFICULTIES FOR LANGUAGE LEARNERS
1. Reduced Forms (contractions, weak forms and chunks)
2. Assimilation and Elision
3. Resyllabification
4. Unrealistic audio recordings
5. British vs. American words/expressions
6. Failure to recognize word forms