Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

DON HONORIO VENTURA TECHNOLOGICAL STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacolor, Pampanga

Construction Project
Management

Group 3
(CE-5D)
Leader: Bondoc, Mariella
Members: Arca, Bryan
Biliwang, Sheryl
Bulanadi, Jerome
Caisip, Mark Renzo
Calma, Sam
D. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Resource management is the planning, leadership and control of resources. It is a broad category
of management as opposed to a discipline in itself. It is also the efficient and effective development of an
organization's resources when they are needed. Such resources may include financial resources, inventory, human
skills, production resources, or information technology
Resource management is a key element to activity resource estimating and project human resource
management. Both are essential components of a comprehensive project management plan to execute and monitor
a project successfully.

The following are common types of resource management:

 Human Resources - Managing people including organizational structure, recruiting, onboarding, training &
development, performance management, compensation, payroll, benefits, industrial relations
and compliance.
 Natural Resource Management - Stewardship of natural resources such as land, water, soil, trees, plants
and animals to ensure they are sustained for future generations.
 Project Resource Management - Allocating resources assigned to a project including techniques such as
resource leveling.
 Financial Management - Managing financial assets and liabilities.
 Infrastructure Management - Managing foundational structures such as bridges or electrical grids
including deployment, operation and maintenance.
 Facility Management - Managing a facility such as an office building or data center.
 Enterprise Asset Management - Managing the capital assets of an organization.
 Public Asset Management - Managing the capital assets of a nation, region or city.
 Digital Asset Management - Managing digital assets such as documents and media.
 Inventory Management - Control and optimization of inventory.
 IT Service Management - Managing information technology assets as a collection of services defined
by service level agreements.

1. RESOURCE SCHEDULING

Resource scheduling is a collection of techniques used to calculate the resources required to deliver the
work and when they will be required.
Resource scheduling refers to the set of actions and methodology used by organizations to efficiently
assign the resources they have to jobs, tasks or projects they need to complete, and schedule start and end dates
for each task or project based on resource availability. Depending on industry, resources can be people (either
employees or independent contractors), equipment and machines (this is frequent for construction, manufacturing
or maintenance businesses) or rooms and facilities. There may also be a need for consumable resources (for
instance, materials and parts for manufacturing).
BENEFIT OF RESOURCES SCHEDULING
Resource scheduling is very beneficial to projects. Before a project begins, schedulingresources clarifies
their availability and it could save the costs of project activities from crashing. Every project manager aims to
complete a project within its estimatedtime frame and budget. Resource scheduling enables all the planned
activities and tasks to be completed on time and stay with the budget by providing a time-phased budget.

STEPS IN RESOURCE SCHEDULING

Typical resource scheduling steps include:
 Listing tasks or jobs that need to be completed along with an assumption of duration or effort, which can be
expressed in hours, days, or percentage of occupation.
 Identifying constraints for each job or task: it can be a deadline, a set of skills required to complete the task,
a location where the resources need to be moved for the job, etc.
 Identifying the types and number of resources needed to complete each task, i.e. the resource demand.
The demand for each type of resource can be then expressed in hours or days for people, machines, etc.
and in quantity if parts and materials are also needed.
 Controlling the future availability of resources of each category (employees, equipment, rooms…). This is
sometimes called capacity. If the resources are primarily people, this includes knowing how much work
they typically do in a day, what their current and forecasted workload is, if there are any planned absences
or time off, new hires, etc. The total availability for a period can be expressed in a number of day and
hours. For consumables, this involves quantity in stock, shipping delays for just-in-time deliveries, etc.
 Matching available resources with tasks or jobs, i.e. scheduling each resource to perform a specific task or
job at a specific date, until all work is assigned. If a type of resource is in high demand and has a low
capacity, this step may include delaying some jobs or projects as original deadlines cannot be met. For this
reason, adequately forecasting the capacity vs. demand ratio allows managers to anticipate bottlenecks or
low activity periods.

2. RESOURCE ALLOCATION

Resource allocation is the scheduling of activities and the resources required by those activities while
taking into consideration both the resource availability and the project time.
Resource allocation is assigning your resources—time, people and tools—across various tasks in a project
to work toward your deadlines.
Resource allocation in project management is one of those particles which make work of a good PM
effective and significant. And even though it may seem simple, it is actually crucial in delivering a great project.
Resource allocation in project management is concerned with creating a plan which can help achieve future
goals. There are many resources which have to be allocated when managing a project, beginning from budget to
equipment and tools, to data and the project’s plan.

Basic types of resources you might need or encounter in managing a project:

1. People – These resources are writers, editors, user experience (UX) designers, art directors, account
people, traffic managers, freelance or contract resources, developers, testers — the people with the skills
you need to get your project done.
 2. Time – This is the total amount of time (days, weeks, months, years) you have to bring your project over
the finish line. While the end date of the project may already be decided, you can divide increments of time
in that period to ensure your project stays on track.
3. Tools and capital – If your project team needs a dedicated “war room,” let’s say, or access to specific
equipment to create special features or products, these will have to be planned for during the resource
allocation phase of project management and allocated appropriately.

Here’s what you can do to allocate resources in the right way when managing a project:

Know the scope – to know what is your project about, what you will need to achieve it, and to be able to properly
allocate resources;
Identify resources – to know which tools, equipment, etc. you will need it completing the project;
Track time – to have a deep analysis of the progress and current situation as well as be able to control it in the
real-time;
Don’t look only at the big picture – the process of working on a project is not done with task allocation. Once you
allocate resources you have to keep track of all of them. If you lose at least one tiny detail, your project may fail;
Don’t over-allocate – because your team will experience burnout and their productivity will significantly drop.

5 Critical Factors That Can Affect Resource Allocation

 Changes in Timeline or Project Scope
 Resource Availability
 Project Dependencies
 Uncertain Timing of Deliveries
 Urgency Compared with Other Projects

E. TRACKING WORK (PROJECT CONTROL)

Project control are the data gathering, management and analytical processes used to predict, understand
and constructively influence the time and cost outcomes of a project or program; through the communication of
information in formats that assist effective management and decision making.

Project Control Techniques

1. Labour Utilization Control – is about ensuring you’ve got the most efficient staff, on at your highest
trading times. It enables you to easily monitor staff availability.
2. Machine Utilization Control – is the use of positioning tools and a display to provide a construction
machinery operator with a reference between the position of the bucket or blade and the target grade.
3. Material Utilization Control - is a systematic control over purchasing, storing and consumption of
materials, so as to maintain a regular and timely supply of materials, at the same time, avoiding
overstocking. Material control refers to the management function concerned with acquisition, storage,
handling and use of materials so as to minimize wastage and losses, derive maximum economy and
establish responsibility for various operations through physical checks, record keeping, accounting and
other devices.
 Material Control has two dimension:
 Quantity or unit control: Production executive or storekeeper is interested in quantity control
because their interest is to see that there should not be any stock out problem.
 Rupee or financial control: Financial executives are interested that too much money should not be
invested in materials and every rupee spent in material should be efficiently and effectively utilized.
Two Aspects of Material Control:
 Accounting Aspect: This aspect is concerned with maintaining documentary evidence of movement
of materials at every stage right from the time sales and production budgets are approved to the
point when materials are purchased and actually used in production operations.
 Operational Aspect: This aspect of material control is concerned with the maintenance of material
supplies at a level so as to ensure that material is available for use in production and production
services as and when required by minimizing investments in material.

4. Cost Control – is the practice of identifying and reducing business expenses to increase profits, and it
starts with the budgeting process. A business owner compares actual results with the budgeted
expectations, and if actual costs are higher than planned, management takes action.

Aspects of Cost Control:

Cost control involves the following steps and covers various aspects of management. It has to be
brought in the following manner:
 Planning:
Initially a plan or set of targets is established in the form of budgets, standards or estimates.
 Communications:
The next step is to communicate the plan to those whose responsibility is to implement the plan.
 Motivation:
After the plan is put into action, evaluation of the performance starts. Costs are ascertained and
information about achievements is collected and reputed. The fact that the costs are being reported
for evaluating performance acts as a prompting force.
 Appraisal:
Comparison has to be made with the predetermined targets and actual performance. Deficiencies
are noted and discussion is started to overcome deficiencies.
 Decision-Making:
Finally, the reported variances are received. Corrective actions and remedial measures are taken
or the set of targets is revised, depending upon the administration’s understanding of the problem.