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Data Structures and Algorithms Guide

This document contains questions and answers about data structures and algorithms. Question 1 asks how to count the number of times the same value appears in adjacent locations in a queue. The answer provides pseudocode to iterate through the queue with a pointer and increment a count variable when adjacent values are equal. Question 2 asks for prefix and postfix notation equivalents of two expressions. Question 3 asks for the column major formula to compute array element locations and provides an algorithm to insert into a circular queue and delete from a stack. Question 4 asks for steps to find the smallest value in a linked list and provides pseudocode to iterate through the list tracking the smallest value seen.

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110 views3 pages

Data Structures and Algorithms Guide

This document contains questions and answers about data structures and algorithms. Question 1 asks how to count the number of times the same value appears in adjacent locations in a queue. The answer provides pseudocode to iterate through the queue with a pointer and increment a count variable when adjacent values are equal. Question 2 asks for prefix and postfix notation equivalents of two expressions. Question 3 asks for the column major formula to compute array element locations and provides an algorithm to insert into a circular queue and delete from a stack. Question 4 asks for steps to find the smallest value in a linked list and provides pseudocode to iterate through the list tracking the smallest value seen.

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Data structures and Algorithm 

Analysis Questions Group 1 


 
Q1) Let a non-empty Queue of size N, write the steps to count how many times that same 
value appear in adjacent location? 
 
Answer: 
1. [Set variable count to 0] 
count ← 0 
2. [Check is there’s only one element] 
If R = 1 output “Queue has only one element only” and exit 
3. [Set pointer p = front] 
p ← front 
4. [Loop while p ≠ rear and check if there’s two adjacent values that are equal] 
While p ≠ rear { 
if queue(p) = queue(p+1) then 
count ← count + 1 
p ← p + 1 
} 
5. [Exit] output value of count and finish 
 
 
Q2) A- write the suf x and pre x forms equivalent to the expressions Below: 
I. (A / 4  +  D) ↑1  (Z / R) ↑2  H  
II. D   *  (C  −  H) / F   +  G  
 
Answer: 
I. A 4 / D  +  Z R / H ↑2 ↑1 (Post x) 
↑1   + / A 4 D ↑2  / R Z H (Pre x) 
II. D  C H  −   *  F  / G  + (Post x) 
+  /  *  D  −  C H F  G  (Pre x) 
 
Q2) B- What is meant by Dynamic Allocation, what are the advantages and disadvantages 
of that representation. 
 
Answer: 
Dynamic Allocation representation means that a given data structure is represented 
dynamically without any random(direct access), this means the dynamic data structure 
can expand and shrink in size while the program is executing, but there are disadvantages 
that include the need for more space to store pointers and the access for elements that 
are represented dynamically is sequential(NOT direct or random). 
 

1
 
Q3) A- State the column major formula that is used to compute the location of an 
element in two Dimensional Array 
 
Answer: 
LOC(Ai, j )  =  LOC(A0, 0 )  +  ((j − b2 )  *  (U 1 − B 1   +  1)  +  (i  −  b1 ))  * C  
 
 
Q3) B- Write a complete algorithm to: 
1. Insert a new element to a Circular Queue of size N 
2. Delete an element from the stack of size M. 
 
Answer: 
1. A 
[We have a Circular Queue (CQ) which is of size N, element is the element we want  
Insert, Front and Rear are pointers that points to our front and rear] 
a. [Check overflow] 
If Rear = Front and Rear ≠ 0 then output overflow and exit 
b. [Increase the value of Rear] 
If Rear ≥ N then  
Rear ← 1 
Else  
Rear ← Rear + 1 
c. [Insert new element to the Circular Queue] 
CQ(Rear) ← element 
d. [Check if the element inserted is the first in the Circular Queue] 
If Front = 0 then Front ← 1  
e. [finished] exit 
 
2. [We have a stack called Stack, of size M, element is the deleted element, Top is a 
pointer that points to the top of the stack] 
a. [Check underflow] 
If Top ≤ 0 then output “underflow” and return 
b. [Delete the element that Top points to] 
Element ← Stack(Top) 
c. [Decrease Top pointer] 
Top ← Top - 1 
d. [finished] return element 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2
 
 
Q4) Write the steps to nd the smallest value in a singly linked linear list its head given 
by pointer variable (First). 
 
Answer: 
1. [Assume that smallest is a variable that holds the smallest value] 
2. [Set smallest to the value of First] 
smallest ← info(First) 
3. [Assume that P is a pointer that we will use to loop through the linked list and set 
its value to First] 
P ← First 
4. [Loop until the end of the linked list, testing the value of smallest against info(P)] 
While link(P) ≠ Null 
{ 
If info(P) < smallest then 
smallest = info(P) 
P ← link(P) 
} 
5. End 
 

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