ON-BOTTOM STABILITY

STANDARD: DNV RP E305

Pipeline Properties
Outer Steel Pipe Diameter Ds ≔ 273.05

Steel Density ρs ≔ 7700 ――

3

Corrosion Allowance CA ≔ 0

Material Properties
Young's Modulus E ≔ 210 ⋅ 10 3
Poisson's Ratio ν ≔ 0.3
Material Specification API 5L X-52
Manufacturing process Pipe ≔ “SMLS”
SMYS X-52 PSL 2 SMYS ≔ 360
SMTS X-52 PSL 2 SMTS ≔ 460

Coating Data
Corrosion Coating Thickness tcc ≔ 0.96

Corrosion Coating Desnity ρcc ≔ 1300 ――

3

Concrete Coating Density ρc ≔ 3040 ――

3
Environmental Data
Seawater Density ρsw ≔ 1025.2 ――
3

Astronomical Tide HAT ≔ 3.11

LAT ≔ 0

Water Depth d ≔ 92.7

Significant Wave Height Hs.1 ≔ 4.7

Hs.100 ≔ 6.4

Spectral Peak Period Tp.1 ≔ 10.5

Tp.100 ≔ 11.5

Current (Near-bed) Velocity Ur.1 ≔ 0.37 ―

Ur.100 ≔ 0.47 ―

Storm Surge ss1 ≔ 0.54

ss100 ≔ 0.84

Water Depth Reference dref1 ≔ d + HAT + ss1 = 96.35

dref100 ≔ d + HAT + ss100 = 96.65

External Pressure Pe.1 ≔ ρsw ⋅ ⋅ dref1 = ⎛⎝9.687 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠

Pe.100 ≔ ρsw ⋅ ⋅ dref100 = ⎛⎝9.717 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠

2
Kinematic Viscocity v ≔ 1.6 ⋅ 10 -5 ――
On Bottom Stability Calculation

Installation Condition
condition ≔ “installation”

Pipeline Design Parameters:

Concrete Coating Thickness tc ≔ 0
Steel Pipe Thickness ts ≔ 29
Outer pipe diameter incl. Corrosion Coating Dcc ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc = 0.275
Total Outer Diameter D ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc + 2 ⋅ tc = 0.275
Internal Diameter Di ≔ Ds - 2 ⋅ ts = 0.215

-Vertical Stability-
Submerged Weight Calculation:
Content Density
ρcont ≔ if condition ＝ “installation” | = 0 ――
3
‖ |
‖ 0 ―― |
‖‖ 3 |
|
else if condition ＝ “hydrotest”|
‖ |
‖ 1025.2 ―― |
3
‖‖ |
else if condition ＝ “operating”|
‖ |
‖ 68.60 ―― |
3
‖‖ |

Submerged Weight ⎛⎝Ws⎞⎠ = Steel Weight + Corrosion Coating Weight +

Concrete Coating Weight +Content Density - Buoyancy

Ws ≔ ―⋅ ⎛⎝⎛⎝Ds 2 - Di 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρs + ⎛⎝Dcc 2 - Ds 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρcc + ⎛⎝D 2 - Dcc 2 ⎞⎠ ρc + ⎛⎝Di 2 ⋅ ρcont⎞⎠ - D 2 ⋅ ρsw⎞⎠ ⋅

4
Ws = ⎛⎝1.092 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

Buoyancy Calculation:
B ≔ ―⋅ D 2 ⋅ ρsw ⋅ = 597.021 ―
2
4
Vertical Stability Check:

Ws + B Ws + B |
――― = 2.83 SG ≔ if ――― ≥ 1.1| = “OK”
B B |
‖ “OK” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “NOT OK”
‖ |

-Lateral Stability-
Water Particle Velocity Calculation:
dref ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 96.35
‖d |
‖ ref100 |
else |
‖d |
‖ ref1 |

Tp ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 10.5

‖T |
‖ p.100 |
else |
‖T |
‖ p.1 |

Hs ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 4.7

‖H |
‖ s.100 |
else |
‖H |
‖ s.1 |
‾‾‾‾
dref
Parameters Tn ≔ ―― = 3.134

Tn
― = 0.299
Tp

Tp
ϕ ≔ ――= 4.843 ――
1
‾‾‾
Hs ―
2

|
 |
γ ≔ if ϕ ≤ 3.6 ―― | = 3.3
‾‾ |
‖5 |
‖ |
|
else if ϕ ≥ 5 ―― |
‾‾ |
‖1 |
‖ |
else |
‖ 3.3
‖ |

Significant Water Wave Velocity

0.06 ⋅ Hs
(From graph Fig. 2.1, DnV RP E305) Us ≔ ―――= 0.09 ―
Tn

Zero-Up-Crossing Period
(From graph Fig. 2.2, DnV RP E305) Tu ≔ 1.15 ⋅ Tp = 12.075

Reduction Factor due to Spreading

and Directionality
(assumed to be no reduction) R ≔ 1.0

Water Particle Velocity Us ≔ Us ⋅ R = 0.09 ―

Current Velocity Calculation:

Ur ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 0.37 ―
‖U |
‖ r.100 |
else |
‖U |
‖ r.1 |

Grain size for seabed material d50 ≔ 0.0625

(from Table A.1, DNV RP E305,
for Silt/Very Soft Clay)

Roughness Zo ≔ 5.21 ⋅ 10 -6

Height above seabed where

the curent measured Zr ≔ 3

D
Parameters ―= 5.278 ⋅ 10 4
Zo
 Zr
―= 5.758 ⋅ 10 5
Zo

Ratio beween average velocity and

reference steady velocity
UD 1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
(Eq. A.3, DnV RP E305) ―― ＝ ――――⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟
Ur ⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠

Average Current Velocity on Pipe

1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
UD ≔ ―――― ⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟ ⋅ Ur
⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠
UD = 0.275 ―

Hydrodynamic Coefficient Calculation:

Us
Wave Particle Acceleration As ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ ― = 0.047 ―
2
Tu
UD
Current to wave velocity M ≔ ―― = 3.062
Us

Tu
KC number K ≔ Us ⋅ ― = 3.951
D
⎛⎝UD + Us⎞⎠ ⋅ D
Reynold's Number Re ≔ ―――― = 6.28 ⋅ 10 3
v
CD ≔ if Re < 3 ⋅ 10 5 ∧ M ≥ 0.8 = 1.2
‖ 1.2
‖
else
‖ 0.7
‖

CL ≔ 0.9 Based on DnV RP E305

CM ≔ 3.29 Based on DnV RP E305

Friction Coefficient of Very Soft Clay (Based on Soal Tubes)

μs ≔ 0.2

K = 3.951 M = 3.062 and from Carpenter Number (Figure 5.12 DnV RP E305)

We can get Calibration Factor FW ≔ 1.5

Calculation of Hydrodynamic Forces
i ≔ 0 , ―― ‥
180
⎡ 0⎤
⎢ 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2⎥
⎢ 3⎥
⎢ 4⎥
⎢ 5⎥
⎢ ⎥
θi ≔ i = ⎢ 6⎥
⎢ 7⎥
⎢ 8⎥
⎢ 9⎥
⎢ 10 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11 ⎥
⎣ ⋮⎦

Lift Force
⎡ 1.727 ⎤
⎢ 1.727 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.727 ⎥
⎢ 1.726 ⎥
⎢ 1.725 ⎥
⎢ 1.724 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FL ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CL ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = ⎢ 1.723 ⎥ ―
2
⎢ 1.721 ⎥
⎢ 1.719 ⎥
⎢ 1.717 ⎥
⎢ 1.714 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.712 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦
Drag Force

⎡ 2.303 ⎤
⎢ 2.303 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.302 ⎥
⎢ 2.301 ⎥
⎢ 2.3 ⎥
⎢ 2.299 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FD ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CD ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = ⎢ 2.297 ⎥ ―
2
⎢ 2.295 ⎥
⎢ 2.292 ⎥
⎢ 2.289 ⎥
⎢ 2.286 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.282 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

Inertia Force
⎡0 ⎤
⎢ 0.017 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.033 ⎥
⎢ 0.05 ⎥
⎢ 0.067 ⎥
⎢ 0.083 ⎥
D 2 ρsw ⎢ ⎥
FI ≔ ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ CM ⋅ As ⋅ sin ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ = 0.1
4 ⎢ ⎥―
⎢ 0.117 ⎥
⎢ 0.133 ⎥
⎢ 0.15 ⎥
⎢ 0.166 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.182 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

⎡ 19.863 ⎤
⎢ 19.987 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 20.108 ⎥
⎢ 20.225 ⎥
⎢ 20.34 ⎥
⎢ 20.451 ⎥
⎛ FD + FI + μs ⋅ FL ⎞ ⎢ ⎥
Required Submerged Weight Ws' ≔ ⎜―――――⎟ ⋅ FW = ⎢ 20.559 ⎥ ―
⎝ μs ⎠ ⎢ 20.665 ⎥
⎢ 20.766 ⎥
⎢ 20.865 ⎥
⎢ 20.96 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 21.052 ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦
On Bottom Stability Iteration

Wreq ≔ max ⎛⎝Ws'⎞⎠ ⋅ = 218.286 ―

2

Ws = ⎛⎝1.092 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

check ≔ if Ws ≤ Wreq = “OK”

‖ “Need More Concrete Thickness”
‖
else
‖ “OK”
‖

Safety Factor for submerged weight

Ws
SFW ≔ ――= 5.005
Wreq
Hydrotest Condition
condition ≔ “hydrotest”

Pipeline Design Parameters:

Concrete Coating Thickness tc ≔ 0
Steel Pipe Thickness ts ≔ 29
Outer pipe diameter incl. Corrosion Coating Dcc ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc = 0.275
Total Outer Diameter D ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc + 2 ⋅ tc = 0.275
Internal Diameter Di ≔ Ds - 2 ⋅ ts = 0.215

-Vertical Stability-
Submerged Weight Calculation:
Content Density
ρcont ≔ if condition ＝ “installation” | = ⎛⎝1.025 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ――
3
‖ |
‖ 0 ―― |
‖‖ 3 |
|
else if condition ＝ “hydrotest”|
‖ |
‖ 1025.2 ―― |
3
‖‖ |
else if condition ＝ “operating”|
‖ |
‖ 68.60 ―― |
3
‖‖ |

Submerged Weight = Steel Weight + Corrosion Coating Weight +

Concrete Coating Weight +Content Density - Buoyancy
Ws ≔ ―⋅ ⎛⎝⎛⎝Ds 2 - Di 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρs + ⎛⎝Dcc 2 - Ds 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρcc + ⎛⎝D 2 - Dcc 2 ⎞⎠ ρc + ⎛⎝Di 2 ⋅ ρcont⎞⎠ - D 2 ⋅ ρsw⎞⎠ ⋅
4
Ws = ⎛⎝1.458 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

Buoyancy Calculation:
B ≔ ―⋅ D 2 ⋅ ρsw ⋅ = 597.021 ―
2
4

Vertical Stability Check:

Ws + B | Ws + B
SG ≔ if ――― ≥ 1.1| = “OK” ――― = 3.442
B | B
‖ “OK” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “NOT OK”
‖ |
-Lateral Stability-
Water Particle Velocity Calculation:
dref ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 96.35
‖d |
‖ ref100 |
else |
‖d |
‖ ref1 |

Tp ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 10.5

‖T |
‖ p.100 |
else |
‖T |
‖ p.1 |

Hs ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 4.7

‖H |
‖ s.100 |
else |
‖H |
‖ s.1 |
‾‾‾‾
dref
Parameters Tn ≔ ―― = 3.134

Tn
― = 0.299
Tp

Tp
ϕ ≔ ――= 4.843 ――
1
‾‾‾
Hs ―
2

|
γ ≔ if ϕ ≤ 3.6 ―― | = 3.3
‾‾ |
‖5 |
‖ |
|
else if ϕ ≥ 5 ―― |
‾‾ |
‖1 |
‖ |
else |
‖ 3.3
‖ |

Significant Water Wave Velocity

0.06 ⋅ Hs
(From graph Fig. 2.1, DnV RP E305) Us ≔ ―――= 0.09 ―
Tn
Zero-Up-Crossing Period
(From graph Fig. 2.2, DnV RP E305) Tu ≔ 1.15 ⋅ Tp = 12.075

Reduction Factor due to Spreading

and Directionality
(assumed to be no reduction) R ≔ 1.0

Water Particle Velocity Us ≔ Us ⋅ R = 0.09 ―

Current Velocity Calculation:

Ur ≔ if condition ＝ “operating” = 0.37 ―
‖U
‖ r.100
else
‖U
‖ r.1

Grain size for seabed material d50 ≔ 0.0625

(from Table A.1, DNV RP E305,
for Silt/Very Soft Clay)

Roughness Zo ≔ 5.21 ⋅ 10 -6

Height above seabed where

the curent measured Zr ≔ 3

D
Parameters ―= 5.278 ⋅ 10 4
Zo
Zr 5
―= 5.758 ⋅ 10
Zo
Ratio beween average velocity and
reference steady velocity
UD 1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
(Eq. A.3, DnV RP E305) ―― ＝ ――――⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟
Ur ⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠
Average Current Velocity on Pipe
1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
UD ≔ ―――― ⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟ ⋅ Ur
⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠
UD = 0.275 ―
Hydrodynamic Coefficient Calculation:

Us
Wave Particle Acceleration As ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ ― = 0.047 ―
2
Tu
UD
Current to wave velocity M ≔ ―― = 3.062
Us

Tu
KC number K ≔ Us ⋅ ― = 3.951
D
⎛⎝UD + Us⎞⎠ ⋅ D
Reynold's Number Re ≔ ―――― = 6.28 ⋅ 10 3
v
CD ≔ if Re < 3 ⋅ 10 5 ∧ M ≥ 0.8 = 1.2
‖ 1.2
‖
else
‖ 0.7
‖

CL ≔ 0.9 Based on DnV RP E305

CM ≔ 3.29 Based on DnV RP E305

Friction Coefficient of Very Soft Clay (Based on Soal Tubes)

μs ≔ 0.2

K = 3.951 M = 3.062 and from Carpenter Number (Figure 5.12 DnV RP E305)

We can get Calibration Factor FW ≔ 1.5

Calculation of Hydrodynamic Forces

i ≔ 0 , ―― ‥
180
⎡ 0⎤
⎢ 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2⎥
⎢ 3⎥
⎢ 4⎥
⎢ 5⎥
⎢ ⎥
θi ≔ i = ⎢ 6⎥
⎢ 7⎥
⎢ 8⎥
⎢ 9⎥
⎢ 10 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11 ⎥
⎣ ⋮⎦
Lift Force
⎡ 1.727 ⎤
⎢ 1.727 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.727 ⎥
⎢ 1.726 ⎥
⎢ 1.725 ⎥
⎢ 1.724 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FL ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CL ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = ⎢ 1.723 ⎥ ―
2
⎢ 1.721 ⎥
⎢ 1.719 ⎥
⎢ 1.717 ⎥
⎢ 1.714 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.712 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

Drag Force

⎡ 2.303 ⎤
⎢ 2.303 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.302 ⎥
⎢ 2.301 ⎥
⎢ 2.3 ⎥
⎢ 2.299 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FD ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CD ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = 2.297 ―
2 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.295 ⎥
⎢ 2.292 ⎥
⎢ 2.289 ⎥
⎢ 2.286 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.282 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

Inertia Force
⎡0 ⎤
⎢ 0.017 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.033 ⎥
⎢ 0.05 ⎥
⎢ 0.067 ⎥
⎢ 0.083 ⎥
D 2 ρsw ⎢ ⎥
FI ≔ ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ CM ⋅ As ⋅ sin ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ = ⎢ 0.1 ⎥ ―
4
⎢ 0.117 ⎥
⎢ 0.133 ⎥
⎢ 0.15 ⎥
⎢ 0.166 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.182 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦
 ⎡ 19.863 ⎤
⎢ 19.987 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 20.108 ⎥
⎢ 20.225 ⎥
⎢ 20.34 ⎥
⎢ 20.451 ⎥
⎛ FD + FI + μs ⋅ FL ⎞ ⎢ ⎥
Required Submerged Weight Ws' ≔ ⎜―――――⎟ ⋅ FW = ⎢ 20.559 ⎥ ―
⎝ μs ⎠ ⎢ 20.665 ⎥
⎢ 20.766 ⎥
⎢ 20.865 ⎥
⎢ 20.96 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 21.052 ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦

Wreq ≔ max ⎛⎝Ws'⎞⎠ ⋅ = 218.286 ―

2

Ws = ⎛⎝1.458 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

check ≔ if Ws ≤ Wreq = “OK”

‖ “Need More Concrete Thickness”
‖
else
‖ “OK”
‖

Safety Factor for submerged weight

Ws
SFW ≔ ――= 6.678
Wreq
Operating Condition
condition ≔ “operating”

Pipeline Design Parameters:

Concrete Coating Thickness tc ≔ 0
Steel Pipe Thickness ts ≔ 29
Outer pipe diameter incl. Corrosion Coating Dcc ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc = 0.275
Total Outer Diameter D ≔ Ds + 2 ⋅ tcc + 2 ⋅ tc = 0.275
Internal Diameter Di ≔ Ds - 2 ⋅ ts = 0.215

-Vertical Stability-
Submerged Weight Calculation:
Content Density
ρcont ≔ if condition ＝ “installation” | = 68.6 ――
3
‖ |
‖ 0 ―― |
‖‖ 3 |
|
else if condition ＝ “hydrotest”|
‖ |
‖ 1025.2 ―― |
3
‖‖ |
else if condition ＝ “operating”|
‖ |
‖ 68.60 ―― |
3
‖‖ |

Submerged Weight = Steel Weight + Corrosion Coating Weight +

Concrete Coating Weight +Content Density - Buoyancy
Ws ≔ ―⋅ ⎛⎝⎛⎝Ds 2 - Di 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρs + ⎛⎝Dcc 2 - Ds 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ρcc + ⎛⎝D 2 - Dcc 2 ⎞⎠ ρc + ⎛⎝Di 2 ⋅ ρcont⎞⎠ - D 2 ⋅ ρsw⎞⎠ ⋅
4
Ws = ⎛⎝1.117 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

Buoyancy Calculation:
B ≔ ―⋅ D 2 ⋅ ρsw ⋅ = 597.021 ―
2
4

Vertical Stability Check:

Ws + B | Ws + B
SG ≔ if ――― ≥ 1.1| = “OK” ――― = 2.871
B | B
‖ “OK” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “NOT OK”
‖ |
-Lateral Stability-
Water Particle Velocity Calculation:
dref ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 96.65
‖d |
‖ ref100 |
else |
‖d |
‖ ref1 |

Tp ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 11.5

‖T |
‖ p.100 |
else |
‖T |
‖ p.1 |

Hs ≔ if condition ＝ “operating”| = 6.4

‖H |
‖ s.100 |
else |
‖H |
‖ s.1 |
‾‾‾‾
dref
Parameters Tn ≔ ―― = 3.139

Tn
― = 0.273
Tp

Tp
ϕ ≔ ――= 4.546 ――
1
‾‾‾
Hs ―
2

|
γ ≔ if ϕ ≤ 3.6 ―― | = 3.3
‾‾ |
‖5 |
‖ |
|
else if ϕ ≥ 5 ―― |
‾‾ |
‖1 |
‖ |
else |
‖ 3.3
‖ |

Significant Water Wave Velocity

0.08 ⋅ Hs
(From graph Fig. 2.1, DnV RP E305) Us ≔ ―――= 0.163 ―
Tn
Zero-Up-Crossing Period
(From graph Fig. 2.2, DnV RP E305) Tu ≔ 1.15 ⋅ Tp = 13.225

Reduction Factor due to Spreading

and Directionality
(assumed to be no reduction) R ≔ 1.0

Water Particle Velocity Us ≔ Us ⋅ R = 0.163 ―

Current Velocity Calculation:

Ur ≔ if condition ＝ “operating” = 0.47 ―
‖U
‖ r.100
else
‖U
‖ r.1

Grain size for seabed material d50 ≔ 0.0625

(from Table A.1, DNV RP E305,
for Silt/Very Soft Clay)

Roughness Zo ≔ 5.21 ⋅ 10 -6

Height above seabed where

the curent measured Zr ≔ 3

D
Parameters ―= 5.278 ⋅ 10 4
Zo
Zr 5
―= 5.758 ⋅ 10
Zo
Ratio beween average velocity and
reference steady velocity
UD 1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
(Eq. A.3, DnV RP E305) ―― ＝ ――――⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟
Ur ⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠

Average Current Velocity on Pipe

1 ⎛⎛ Zo ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
UD ≔ ―――― ⎜⎜1 + ―⎟ ln ⎜―+ 1⎟ - 1⎟ ⋅ Ur
⎛ Zr ⎞ ⎝⎝ D ⎠ ⎝ Zo ⎠ ⎠
ln ⎜―+ 1⎟
⎝ Zo ⎠
UD = 0.35 ―
Hydrodynamic Coefficient Calculation:

Us
Wave Particle Acceleration As ≔ 2 ⋅ ⋅ ― = 0.077 ―
2
Tu
UD
Current to wave velocity M ≔ ―― = 2.145
Us

Tu
KC number K ≔ Us ⋅ ― = 7.844
D

⎛⎝UD + Us⎞⎠ ⋅ D
Reynold's Number Re ≔ ―――― = 8.816 ⋅ 10 3
v
CD ≔ if Re < 3 ⋅ 10 5 ∧ M ≥ 0.8 = 1.2
‖ 1.2
‖
else
‖ 0.7
‖

CL ≔ 0.9 Based on DnV RP E305

CM ≔ 3.29 Based on DnV RP E305

Friction Coefficient of Very Soft Clay (Based on Soal Tubes)

μs ≔ 0.2

K = 7.844 M = 2.145 and from Carpenter Number (Figure 5.12 DnV RP E305)

We can get Calibration Factor FW ≔ 1.5

Calculation of Hydrodynamic Forces

i ≔ 0 , ―― ‥
180
⎡ 0⎤
⎢ 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2⎥
⎢ 3⎥
⎢ 4⎥
⎢ 5⎥
⎢ ⎥
θi ≔ i = ⎢ 6⎥
⎢ 7⎥
⎢ 8⎥
⎢ 9⎥
⎢ 10 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11 ⎥
⎣ ⋮⎦
Lift Force
⎡ 3.404 ⎤
⎢ 3.404 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3.403 ⎥
⎢ 3.401 ⎥
⎢ 3.399 ⎥
⎢ 3.396 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FL ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CL ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = ⎢ 3.392 ⎥ ―
2
⎢ 3.388 ⎥
⎢ 3.383 ⎥
⎢ 3.377 ⎥
⎢ 3.371 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3.364 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

Drag Force

⎡ 4.539 ⎤
⎢ 4.538 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 4.537 ⎥
⎢ 4.535 ⎥
⎢ 4.532 ⎥
⎢ 4.528 ⎥
1 ρsw 2
⎢ ⎥
FD ≔ ― ⋅ ――⋅ D ⋅ CD ⋅ ⎛⎝Us ⋅ cos ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ + UD⎞⎠ = 4.523 ―
2 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 4.517 ⎥
⎢ 4.511 ⎥
⎢ 4.503 ⎥
⎢ 4.495 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 4.486 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦

Inertia Force
⎡0 ⎤
⎢ 0.028 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.055 ⎥
⎢ 0.083 ⎥
⎢ 0.11 ⎥
⎢ 0.138 ⎥
D 2 ρsw ⎢ ⎥
FI ≔ ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―― ⋅ CM ⋅ As ⋅ sin ⎛⎝θi⎞⎠ = ⎢ 0.165 ⎥ ―
4
⎢ 0.193 ⎥
⎢ 0.22 ⎥
⎢ 0.248 ⎥
⎢ 0.275 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0.302 ⎥
⎣⋮ ⎦
 ⎡ 39.146 ⎤
⎢ 39.35 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 39.545 ⎥
⎢ 39.733 ⎥
⎢ 39.914 ⎥
⎢ 40.086 ⎥
⎛ FD + FI + μs ⋅ FL ⎞ ⎢ ⎥
Required Submerged Weight Ws' ≔ ⎜―――――⎟ ⋅ FW = ⎢ 40.251 ⎥ ―
⎝ μs ⎠ ⎢ 40.407 ⎥
⎢ 40.556 ⎥
⎢ 40.697 ⎥
⎢ 40.83 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 40.955 ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦

Wreq ≔ max ⎛⎝Ws'⎞⎠ ⋅ = 410.611 ―

2

Ws = ⎛⎝1.117 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ―
2

check ≔ if Ws ≤ Wreq = “OK”

‖ “Need More Concrete Thickness”
‖
else
‖ “OK”
‖

Safety Factor for submerged weight

Ws
SFW ≔ ――= 2.72
Wreq