Find The Vertex
Find The Vertex
Find the vertex, the equation of the axis of symmetry, and the y-intercept of each graph.
28.
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
Because the parabola opens up, the vertex is located at the minimum point of the parabola. It is located at (−3, −6).
Find the axis of symmetry.
The axis of symmetry is the line that goes through the vertex and divides the parabola into congruent halves. It is
located at x = –3.
Find the y-intercept.
The y-intercept is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. It is located at (0, 3), so the y-intercept is 3.
ANSWER:
vertex (−3, −6), axis of symmetry x = −3, y-intercept 3
30.
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
Because the parabola opens down, the vertex is located at the maximum point of the parabola. It is located at (−1,
5).
Find the axis of symmetry.
The axis of symmetry is the line that goes through the vertex and divides the parabola into congruent halves. It is
located at x = –1.
Find the y-intercept.
The y-intercept is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. It is located at (0, 4), so the y-intercept is 4.
ANSWER:
vertex (−1, 5), axis of symmetry x = −1, y-intercept 4
32.
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SOLUTION: Page 1
ANSWER:
9-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions
vertex (−1, 5), axis of symmetry x = −1, y-intercept 4
32.
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
Because the parabola opens up, the vertex is located at the minimum point of the parabola. It is located at (0, −4).
Find the axis of symmetry.
The axis of symmetry is the line that goes through the vertex and divides the parabola into congruent halves. It is
located at x = 0.
Find the y-intercept.
The y-intercept is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. It is located at (0, –4), so the y-intercept is –4.
ANSWER:
vertex (0, −4), axis of symmetry x = 0, y-intercept −4
Find the vertex, the equation of the axis of symmetry, and the y-intercept of each function.
2
34. y = x + 8x + 10
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
2
In the equation y = x + 8x + 10, a = 1, b = 8, and c = 10.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –4. Substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find
the value of y.
ANSWER:
vertex
eSolutions (−4,- −6),
Manual Powered symmetry x = −4, y-intercept 10
axisbyofCognero Page 2
2
38. y = 5x + 20x + 10
Find the y-intercept.
The y-intercept is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis. It is located at (0, –4), so the y-intercept is –4.
ANSWER:
9-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions
vertex (0, −4), axis of symmetry x = 0, y-intercept −4
Find the vertex, the equation of the axis of symmetry, and the y-intercept of each function.
2
34. y = x + 8x + 10
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
2
In the equation y = x + 8x + 10, a = 1, b = 8, and c = 10.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –4. Substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find
the value of y.
ANSWER:
vertex (−4, −6), axis of symmetry x = −4, y-intercept 10
2
38. y = 5x + 20x + 10
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
2
In the equation y = 5x + 20x + 10, a = 5, b = 20, and c = 10.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –2. Substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find
the value of y.
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The y-intercept always occurs at (0, c). Since c = 10 for this equation, the y-intercept is located at (0, 10).
ANSWER:
9-1 Graphing
vertex (−4,Quadratic
−6), axis ofFunctions
symmetry x = −4, y-intercept 10
2
38. y = 5x + 20x + 10
SOLUTION:
Find the vertex.
2
In the equation y = 5x + 20x + 10, a = 5, b = 20, and c = 10.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –2. Substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find
the value of y.
ANSWER:
vertex (−2, −10), axis of symmetry x = −2, y-intercept 10
The Manual
eSolutions x-coordinate ofbythe
- Powered vertex
Cognero is x = –2. Substitute this value into the function to find the y-coordinate. Page 4
Find the y-intercept.
The y-intercept always occurs at (0, c). Since c = 10 for this equation, the y-intercept is located at (0, 10).
ANSWER:
9-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions
vertex (−2, −10), axis of symmetry x = −2, y-intercept 10
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –2. Substitute this value into the function to find the y-coordinate.
ANSWER:
a. maximum
b. 9
c. D = {all real numbers},
R = {f (x)|f (x) ≤ 9}
2
44. y = x + 4x − 5
SOLUTION:
a. For y = x2 + 4x − 5, a = 1, b = 4, and c = –5. Because a is positive, the graph opens upward, so the function has a
minimum value.
b. The minimum value is the y-coordinate of the vertex. The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
2
44. y = x + 4x − 5
SOLUTION:
a. For y = x2 + 4x − 5, a = 1, b = 4, and c = –5. Because a is positive, the graph opens upward, so the function has a
minimum value.
b. The minimum value is the y-coordinate of the vertex. The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = –2. Substitute this value into the function to find the y-coordinate.
ANSWER:
a. minimum
b. −9
c. D = {all real numbers},
R = {f (x)|f (x) ≥ −9}
Step 2 Find the vertex, and determine whether it is a maximum or minimum.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is x = 1. Substitute the x-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find the
value of y.
The vertex lies at (1, –1). Because a is negative, the graph opens down, and the vertex is a maximum.
Step 3 Find the y-intercept.
Use the original equation, and substitute 0 for x.
ANSWER:
63. GOLF The average amateur golfer can hit the ball with an initial upward velocity of 31.3 meters per second. The
2
height can be modeled by the equation h = −4.9t + 31.3t, where h is the height of the ball, in feet, after t seconds.
a. Graph this equation.
b. At what height is the ball hit?
c. What
eSolutions is- the
Manual maximum
Powered height of the ball?
by Cognero Page 7
d. How long did it take for the ball to hit the ground?
e. State a reasonable range and domain for this situation.
63. GOLF The average amateur golfer can hit the ball with an initial upward velocity of 31.3 meters per second. The
2
height can be modeled by the equation h = −4.9t + 31.3t, where h is the height of the ball, in feet, after t seconds.
9-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions
a. Graph this equation.
b. At what height is the ball hit?
c. What is the maximum height of the ball?
d. How long did it take for the ball to hit the ground?
e. State a reasonable range and domain for this situation.
SOLUTION:
a. Step 1 Find the equation of the axis of symmetry. h = −4.9t2 + 31.3t, a = –4.9 and b = 31.3.
Step 2 Find the vertex, and determine whether it is a maximum or minimum.
The t-coordinate of the vertex is t = 3.2. Substitute the t-coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find the
value of h.
The vertex lies at about (3.2, 50). Because a is negative, the graph opens down, and the vertex is a maximum.
Step 3 Find the h-intercept.
Use the original equation, and substitute 0 for t.
b. The ball is hit when the time is zero, or at the t-intercept. Since the t-intercept is (0, 0), the ball is hit at 0 meters.
c. The
eSolutions maximum
Manual height
- Powered of the ball is at the vertex. The vertex is (3.2, 50), so the maximum height of the ball is 50Page 8
by Cognero
meters.
d. It takes the ball about 3.2 seconds to reach the vertex, and another 3.2 seconds to come down. Therefore, it takes
about 3.2 + 3.2 or about 6.4 seconds to reach the ground.
9-1 Graphing Quadratic Functions
b. The ball is hit when the time is zero, or at the t-intercept. Since the t-intercept is (0, 0), the ball is hit at 0 meters.
c. The maximum height of the ball is at the vertex. The vertex is (3.2, 50), so the maximum height of the ball is 50
meters.
d. It takes the ball about 3.2 seconds to reach the vertex, and another 3.2 seconds to come down. Therefore, it takes
about 3.2 + 3.2 or about 6.4 seconds to reach the ground.
e . Since the time is zero when the ball is hit and 6.4 when it reaches the ground, the domain is D = {t|0 ≤ t ≤ 6.4}.
The ball starts at 0 meters and reaches a maximum height of about 50 meters, so the R = {h|0 ≤ h ≤ 50.0}
ANSWER:
.
b. 0 m
c. ≈50.0 m
d. ≈6.4 s
e. D = {t|0 ≤ t ≤ 6.4}; R = {h|0 ≤ h ≤ 50.0}
64. FUNDRAISING The marching band is selling poinsettias to buy new uniforms. Last year the band charged $5
each, and they sold 150. They want to increase the price this year, and they expect to lose 10 sales for each $1
increase. The sales revenue R, in dollars, generated by selling the poinsettias is predicted by the function R = (5 + p )
(150 - 10p ), where p is the number of $1 price increases.
a. Write the function in standard form.
b. Find the maximum value of the function.
c. At what price should the poinsettias be sold to generate the most sales revenue? Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
a.
2
b. The maximum value of the function occurs at the vertex. In the function R = −10p + 100p + 750, a = –10, b =
100, and c = 750.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The p -coordinate of the vertex is p = 5. Substitute the p -coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find the
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value of R.
b. 0 m
c. ≈50.0 m
d. ≈6.4 s Quadratic Functions
9-1 Graphing
e. D = {t|0 ≤ t ≤ 6.4}; R = {h|0 ≤ h ≤ 50.0}
64. FUNDRAISING The marching band is selling poinsettias to buy new uniforms. Last year the band charged $5
each, and they sold 150. They want to increase the price this year, and they expect to lose 10 sales for each $1
increase. The sales revenue R, in dollars, generated by selling the poinsettias is predicted by the function R = (5 + p )
(150 - 10p ), where p is the number of $1 price increases.
a. Write the function in standard form.
b. Find the maximum value of the function.
c. At what price should the poinsettias be sold to generate the most sales revenue? Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
a.
2
b. The maximum value of the function occurs at the vertex. In the function R = −10p + 100p + 750, a = –10, b =
100, and c = 750.
The x-coordinate of the vertex is .
The p -coordinate of the vertex is p = 5. Substitute the p -coordinate of the vertex into the original equation to find the
value of R.
ANSWER:
a. R = −10p 2 + 100p + 750
b. 1000
c. $10; Sample answer: The maximum revenue is generated by five $1 increases. The original price was $5, so the
new price should be $10.