GLOBAL SERVICE TRAINING

6060 HYDRAULIC MINING SHOVEL 

SWING SYSTEM
MODULE 8 - TEXT REFERENCE

SERV2005

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and may not be used without permission. © 2013 Caterpillar Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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SERV2005 - 11/13 -2- Module 8 - Swing System

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Participants will meet the following learning outcomes during this Swing System
module for the 6060 Hydraulic Shovel course:

• Identify the main swing system components.

• Identify the function of the swing system components during a Post-Assessment.

Pre-module Learning Outcomes Participants will meet the following learning outcomes during this Swing System
(objectives): module for the 6060 Hydraulic Shovel course:

•T
 his slide and statement for • Given a 6060 machine and the Lab 1 Worksheet, the participant will
the 6060 Swing System module identify the swing system components.
should be shown at the beginning
of the module. • Given all reference materials and class notes, the participant will identify
the function of the swing system components during a
Post-Assessment.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -3- Module 8 - Swing System

3 3

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3

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3_1

INTRODUCTION

• Identify the swing system The swing system consists of four bi-directional, tandem, variable displacement
components. piston pumps (1) that drive four bent-axis piston motors (2). The motors rotate the
swing drive gear to swing the machine left or right. The swing hydraulic circuit is a
closed loop system.

Oil from one of the high pressure loops (red) flows to the swing blocking valves (3),
which direct the oil to the swing motors to rotate the motors. Oil returns to the pump
through the low pressure loops (blue). Each drive loop contains a high pressure oil
filter (4). The blocking valves prevent high pressure oil from the driven pumps from
flowing to the non-driven pumps when only one engine is operating. The oil filters
protect the pump and motor from contamination in one circuit if the pump or motor
in the other circuit fails.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -4- Module 8 - Swing System

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4_1

Swing Pumps

• Identify the swing pumps. This image shows the location of the swing pumps (1), which are attached to the
pump gearbox (2) above the main hydraulic pumps (3). The left pump gearbox and
hydraulic pumps are shown.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -5- Module 8 - Swing System

SWING PUMP SCHEMATIC

Contamination Temperature
Switch (6) Switch (7) Swing Charge
Pump (1)

Shock Relief
Valves (3)

Cooling
Orifice (2)

Pump
Actuator
Cooling (5)
Relief
Valve (4)

5_1

Swing Pump Schematic

•E
 xplain the operation of the swing This schematic shows the components and oil flow in the swing pump. Oil from the
pump. swing charge pump (1) supplies charge oil to the swing pump. The charge oil
replaces oil lost due to internal leakage and flushing, and provides cooling via the
cooling orifice (2). The shock (crossover) relief valves (3) limit pressure spikes in the
swing circuit to 40000 kPa (5,800 psi). The cooling relief valve (4) and a cooling
orifice cool the swing pump oil. The cooling relief valve is factory set at
1700 kPa (250 psi). The cooling orifice provides a restriction in the charge circuit,
which maintains the charge oil pressure at approximately 4000 kPa (580 psi).

The pump actuator (5) controls the pump swashplate angle, which determines the
pump output flow and direction.

The swing pump is also equipped with a contamination switch (6) and an oil
temperature switch (7).

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -6- Module 8 - Swing System

6_1

Swing Motors

• Identify the swing motors. The swing motors drive the swing gear, which rotates the machine. The swing motors
are bi-directional fixed displacement piston motors.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -7- Module 8 - Swing System

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7_1

Swing Charge Pump and Oil Filters

• Identify the swing charge pump Each swing charge pump (1) provides charge oil to two swing pumps (2). This image
and oil filters. shows the left swing charge pump and the left swing pumps.

Oil flow from each charge pump splits and flows separately through a charge oil
filter (3) to each swing pump. The swing charge pumps are variable displacement
pumps that are mounted to the swing pumps.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -8- Module 8 - Swing System

SWING SYSTEM
SWING RIGHT
TWIN ENGINE OPERATION Servo
Pump (3)

Swing Swing
Balance Motor Motor Swing
Line (4) (4) Pumps (1)
(5)

Balance
Line (5)

Blocking
OIl OIl Valves (2)
Filters Servo
Filters
(6) Blocking Pump (3)
(6)
Valves (2)

Swing
Pumps (1)
Swing Swing
Motor Motor
(4) (4)

8_1

Twin Engine Operation – SWING RIGHT

•E
 xplain the flow of oil through This schematic shows the oil flow in the swing system with both engines running and
the swing system in twin engine the joystick moved to the SWING RIGHT position.
operation during SWING RIGHT.
High pressure oil from the swing pumps (1) flows to the blocking valves (2). Oil from
the servo pumps (3) flows to the blocking valves and opens the pilot valve inside the
blocking valves. With the pilot valves open, the swing pump oil flow is allowed to flow
through the blocking valves to the swing motors (4). The swing motors rotate and
drive the swing gear.

Low pressure oil from the swing motors returns to the swing pumps through the open
blocking valves.

Balance lines (5) ensure that the pressure in both swing motors is the same to
compensate for flow variations between the left and right pumps. The oil filters (6)
are located in the balance lines to filter the oil flowing between the pumps.

The check valves in the oil filters prevent contaminants from flowing between the left
and right pumps if contaminants are present in the left or right swing oil circuit.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -9- Module 8 - Swing System

SWING SYSTEM
SWING RIGHT
SINGLE ENGINE OPERATION Right Servo
Pump (3)

Swing Swing
Balance Motor Motor Right Swing
Line (4) (4) Pumps (1)
(5)

Balance
Line (5)

Right Blocking
OIl OIl Valves (2)
Filters Left Servo
Filters
(6) Left Blocking Pump (8)
(6)
Valves (9)

Left Swing
Pumps (7)
Swing Swing
Motor Motor
(4) (4)

9_1

Single Engine Operation – SWING RIGHT

•E
 xplain the flow of oil through the This schematic shows the oil flow in the swing system with the right engine running
swing system in single engine and the joystick moved to the SWING RIGHT position.
operation during SWING RIGHT.
High pressure oil from the right swing pumps (1) flows to the right blocking
valves (2). Oil from the right servo pump (3) flows to the right blocking valves and
opens the pilot valve inside each blocking valve. With the pilot valves open, the swing
pump oil flow is allowed to flow through the blocking valves to the swing motors (4)
via the balance lines (5) and oil filters (6). The right swing motors rotate and drive
the swing gear.

Low pressure oil from the right swing motors returns to the right swing pumps through
the open right blocking valves.

Since the left engine is not running, the left swing pumps (7) and the left servo
pump (8) are not producing oil flow. The pilot valve in the left blocking valves (9) is
closed, which will not allow the left blocking valves to open. The left blocking valves
block the high pressure and low pressure oil from flowing to the left swing pumps.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -10- Module 8 - Swing System

10_1

Swing Oil Filter

• Identify the components in the This sectional view of the swing oil filter shows the filter element (1) and the check
swing filter. valves (2).

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -11- Module 8 - Swing System

Tank

Servo Pumps

SWING CIRCUIT
Servo Pumps SWING LEFT
Swing Left
Proportional
(1) Pressure
Reducing
Valve (2)

Pressure Swing
Limiting Balance
Valve (8) Valve (3)
Swing
Motor
Pump
(6)
Actuator
Piston
(4)
Small Swing
Piston (7) Pump
(5)

11_1

Swing Control Circuit – SWING LEFT

•E
 xplain the flow of oil in the swing This schematic shows the oil flow in the swing control circuit when the joystick is
control circuit during SWING moved to the SWING LEFT position. When the joystick is moved to the left, a signal
LEFT. is sent to the servo controller. The servo controller sends a corresponding signal to
the swing left proportional valve (1) and the switching safety valve (not shown),
which are located on the assembly plate. The energized switching safety valve
allows oil at a pressure of 3500 kPa (510 psi) to flow to the left swing proportional
valve, provided the operator is seated and the ladder and service station are in the
raised position.
Oil at a pressure of 6000 kPa (870 psi) flows from the servo valve to a pressure
reducing valve (2), which is located on the assembly plate. The pressure reducing
valve reduces the oil pressure to 3500 kPa (510 psi). From the pressure reducing
valve, the servo oil flows to the swing balance valve (3). Oil from the left swing
proportional valve flows to the swing balance valve, which shifts and directs oil from
the pressure reducing valve to the swing pump actuator piston (4). The actuator
upstrokes the swing pump (5), which provides oil flow to the swing motor (6), and the
motor rotates to the left.
NOTE: Only one swing pump and one swing motor are shown.
If the swing pressure increases, the pressure acts on a small piston (7) on the end
of the balance valve. The pressure acting on the small piston is 16 times the joystick
signal pressure of 2200 kPa (320 psi). The pressure limiting valve (8) limits the
joystick signal pressure to 2200 kPa (320 psi). The high pressure acting on the small
piston stops the swing pump from producing oil flow, and the swing movement is
stopped.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -12- Module 8 - Swing System

Tank

Servo Pumps

SWING CIRCUIT
Servo Pumps SWING RIGHT
Swing Right
Proportional
(1) Pressure
Reducing
Valve (2)

Swing
Balance
Valve (3)
Swing
Motor
Pump
(6)
Actuator
Piston
(4)
Swing
Pump
(5)

12_1

Swing Control Circuit – SWING RIGHT

•E
 xplain the flow of oil in the swing This schematic shows the oil flow in the swing control circuit when the joystick is
control circuit during SWING moved to the SWING RIGHT position. When the joystick is moved to the right, a
RIGHT. signal is sent to the servo controller. The servo controller sends a corresponding
signal to the right swing proportional valve (1) and the switching safety valve (not
shown), which are located on the assembly plate. The energized switching safety
valve allows oil at a pressure of 3500 kPa (510 psi) to flow to the right swing
proportional valve, provided the operator is seated and the ladder and service station
are in the raised position.

Oil at a pressure of 6000 kPa (870 psi) flows from the servo valve to a pressure
reducing valve (2), which is located on the assembly plate. The pressure reducing
valve reduces the oil pressure to 3500 kPa (510 psi). From the pressure reducing
valve, the servo oil flows to the swing balance valve (3). Oil from the right swing
proportional valve flows to the swing balance valve, which shifts and directs oil from
the pressure reducing valve to the swing pump actuator piston (4). The actuator
upstrokes the swing pump (5), which provides oil flow to the swing motor (6), and the
motor rotates to the right.

NOTE: Only one swing pump and one swing motor are shown.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -13- Module 8 - Swing System

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13_1

Swing Balance Valve

• Identify the components of the The swing balance valve (1), located on the assembly plate, controls the swing
swing balance valve. direction and the maximum swing system oil pressure. Oil from the
3500 kPa (510 psi) pressure reducing valve (2) flows to the main spool (3) in the
swing balance valve. With the spool held in the balance position by the centering
springs (4), the servo oil flows through the balance valve and from the swing pump
actuator piston ports (5) to the swing pump actuator piston.

When the joystick is moved to the SWING LEFT or SWING RIGHT position, oil flows
from the corresponding swing proportional valve through the ports (6) and to the
large surface of the balance valve spool. When the spool shifts, servo oil is directed
to one side of the swing pump actuator piston. Oil from the other side of the swing
pump actuator piston returns to tank through the tank port (7) in the swing balance
valve.

High pressure oil (8) from the left and right swing circuits flows to the small
surface (piston) (9) of the balance valve spool to keep the valve spool balanced. If
the swing pressure increases, the pressure acts on the small piston. The pressure
acting on the small piston is 16 times the joystick signal pressure of 2200 kPa (320
psi), or 35200 kPa (5,105 psi). The high pressure acting on the small piston stops the
swing pump from producing oil flow, and the swing movement is stopped.

The swing balance valve can be adjusted (centered) with the adjustment
screw (10).

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -14- Module 8 - Swing System

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14_1

Flushing Valve

• Identify the components of the The flushing valve (1), located on the assembly plate, directs oil from the low pressure
flushing valve. side of the swing circuit to the tank. The corresponding amount of cool filtered oil is
fed back into the swing circuit by the charge pump. During swing operation, high
pressure oil is sensed at the end of the spool (2), which shifts the spool and directs
oil in the low pressure circuit to the tank through an orifice (3) and relief valve (4).
When the swing direction changes, high pressure shifts the spool in the opposite
direction.

The left image shows the oil flow through the flushing valve during a SWING RIGHT
condition, and the right image shows the oil flow through the flushing valve during a
SWING LEFT condition.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -15- Module 8 - Swing System

15_1

Swing Parking Brake

• Identify the swing parking brakes. The swing parking brakes are wet multi-disc brakes, designed as a parking or holding
brake, not a slowing brake. The swing brakes are spring applied and released with
hydraulic pressure.

Maximum swing brake release pressure should be 5000 kPa (725 psi).

NOTE: The swing brakes should be engaged only when the machine is in a
stationary position.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -16- Module 8 - Swing System

SWING PARKING BRAKE

Swing
Joystick Brake (6)
(1)

Servo Swing
Left Pilot Controller Motor
Valve Block (2)
Swing Brake (7)
(4)
Solenoid
(3)

Servo
Pumps (5)

16_1

Swing Parking Brake Schematic

•E
 xplain the operation of the swing When the swing function is activated by the operator, the joystick (1) sends a signal
parking brake. to the servo controller (2). The servo controller sends a current to the swing brake
solenoid (3), which is located on the left pilot valve block (4). The swing brake
solenoid is energized and directs oil from the servo pumps (5) to the swing brake (6).
The oil pressure releases the swing brake, which allows the swing motor (7) to rotate.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -17- Module 8 - Swing System

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Swing Motor and Swing Bearing

• Identify the swing motor and This image shows one of the swing motors (1), the swing motor drive gear (2), the
swing bearing. swing bearing (3), and the swing bearing gear (4).

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -18- Module 8 - Swing System

18_1

Swing Bearing

• Identify the location of the swing These images show the swing bearing installed on the lower frame.
bearing.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -19- Module 8 - Swing System

19_1

Swing Bearing Soft Spot

• Identify the swing bearing soft There is a soft spot on the swing bearing that is indicated by an “S” (arrow).
spot.

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SERV2005 - 11/13 -20- Module 8 - Swing System

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Participants have met the following learning outcomes during this Swing System
module for the 6060 Hydraulic Shovel course:

• Identified the main swing system components.

• Identified the function of the swing system components during a Post-Assessment.

Post-module Learning Outcomes Participants have met the following learning outcomes during this Swing System
(objectives): module for the 6060 Hydraulic Shovel course:

•T
 his slide and statement for • Given a 6060 machine and the Lab 1 Worksheet, the participant
the 6060 Swing System module identified the swing system components.
should be shown at the end of the
module. • Given all reference materials and class notes, the participant identified
the function of the swing system components during a
Post-Assessment.

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