Contract MM3-CBS-TVE (Phase 1)

Part 2: Employer’s Requirement

Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21

MUMBAI METRO LINE 3

BIDDING DOCUMENTS

Part 2

EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS

Section VI-A

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 21

May 2018

RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY AND

MAINTAINABILITY

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 Contract MM3-CBS-TVE (Phase 1)
Part 2: Employer’s Requirement
Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 1

2. DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................ 2

3. DOCUMENT REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 4

4. MUMBAI metro Rail System .................................................................................................... 5

4.1 Project Background ..................................................................................................... 5

4.2 Metro System Description ........................................................................................... 5

5. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 6

5.1 Objective ................................................................................................................... 6

5.2 Scope of the Document................................................................................................ 6

5.3 Limitations, Assumptions & Facts ................................................................................ 6

6. RAM Principles, Methology & Standards .................................................................................... 7

6.1 Railway RAM Introduction .......................................................................................... 7

6.2 RAM Policy ............................................................................................................... 7

6.3 RAM Assurance Principles .......................................................................................... 7

6.4 RAM Methodology ..................................................................................................... 8

6.5 RAM Standards .......................................................................................................... 9

7. General RAM Requirements .................................................................................................... 11

8. RAM Organization ................................................................................................................. 12

8.1 Project RAM Organization Chart ................................................................................ 12

8.2 Organizational Requirements for RAM ....................................................................... 12

8.3 Roles & Responsibility .............................................................................................. 13

9. Consideration of Failures For RAM Study ................................................................................. 14

9.1 Service Affecting Failure (SAF) ................................................................................. 14

9.2 Non - Service Affecting Failure (Non-SAF) ................................................................. 14

10. Contractual RAM Targets for System & RAM Apportionment .................................................... 15

10.1 System RAM Target ................................................................................................. 15

10.2 RAM Apportionment & Sub-system Targets ................................................................ 15

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11. Sub-System RAM Activities .................................................................................................... 16

11.1 Project Feasibility ..................................................................................................... 16

11.2 Invitation for Tenders ................................................................................................ 16

11.3 Contract Negotiation & Award ................................................................................... 16

11.4 Design & Implementation .......................................................................................... 16

11.5 Manufacturing, Construction & Installation Stage: ........................................................ 19

11.6 Testing, Commissioning & Trial Run .......................................................................... 20

11.7 Defect Liability Period .............................................................................................. 21

11.8 Operation & Maintenance (Post Sub-system DLP) ........................................................ 21

12. RAM Activities for Different Types of Sub-systems ................................................................... 22

13. Sub-System RAM Submissions ................................................................................................ 24

14. System RAM Activities .......................................................................................................... 25

14.2 Invitation for Tenders ................................................................................................ 25

14.3 Contract Negotiation & Award ................................................................................... 25

14.4 Design & Implementation .......................................................................................... 25

14.5 Manufacturing, Construction & Installation Stage: ........................................................ 25

14.6 Testing, Commissioning & Trial Run .......................................................................... 25

14.7 Defect Liability Period (of Sub-systems) ..................................................................... 26

14.8 Operation & Maintenance (Post Sub-system DLP) ........................................................ 26

15. System RAM Deliverables ...................................................................................................... 27

16. RAM Acceptance Criteria ....................................................................................................... 28

17. Control of Sub-Contractors ...................................................................................................... 29

18. RAM Audits & Assessments.................................................................................................... 30

Appendix: FMECA Template ........................................................................................................... 31

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 Contract MM3-CBS-TVE (Phase 1)
Part 2: Employer’s Requirement
Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
1. ABBREVIATIONS

CA Concession Agreement
COD Commercial Opening Date
DLP Defect Liability Period
FMECA Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis
FMEA Failure Mode Effect Analysis
FTA Fault Tree Analysis
FRACAS Failure Reporting, Analysis & Corrective System
FRB Failure Review Board
IE Independent Engineer
IRA Independent RAM Assessor
Kmph Kilometers per hour
MMRC Mumbai Metro Rail Corporation
MEP Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing
MKBSAF Mean Kilometers between Service Affecting Failure
MSS Manuals of Specification & Standards
MTBSAF Mean Time between Service Affecting Failures
MTTR Mean Time to Repair / Restore
Non-SAF Non- Service Affecting Failures
OCS Overhead Contact System
O&M Operation & Maintenance
PHPDT Peak Hour Peak Direction Traffic
PSS Power Supply System
RAM Reliability, Availability and Maintainability
RAMS Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety
RST Rolling Stock
SAF Service Affecting Failure
S&TC Signaling & Train Control System
STPT Signaling Train Control, Platform Screen Door and Telecommunication

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2. DEFINITIONS

Term Definition
Apportionment A process whereby the RAMS elements for a system are sub-divided
between the various items which comprise the system to provide
individual targets
Availability The ability of a product/equipment/system to be in a state to perform a
required function under given conditions at a given instant of time or
over a given time interval assuming that the required external resources
are provided.
Component The elements (sub-assemblies or any lower order elements of the sub-
assemblies) of the Sub-system are referred in this document as
component.
Commissioning A collective term for the activities undertaken to prepare a system or
product prior to demonstrating that it meets its specified requirements
Compliance A demonstration that a characteristic or property of a product satisfies
the stated requirements.
Contractor The Sub-system supplier’s such as RST supplier, S&TC supplier etc
are referred to as Contractors in this document.
Corrective The maintenance carried out after fault recognition and intended to put
maintenance a product into a state in which it can perform a required function
Down Time The time interval during which a product is in a down state.
Environmental Environmental stress screening (ESS) refers to the process of exposing
Stress Screening a newly manufactured or repaired product or component to stresses
such as thermal cycling and vibration in order to force latent defects to
manifest themselves by permanent or catastrophic failure during the
screening process. The surviving population, upon completion of
screening, can be assumed to have a higher reliability than a similar
unscreened population.
Failure Rate Number of failures per time, distance or cycle
Maintainability The probability that a given maintenance action, for an item under
given conditions of use can be carried out within a stated period of
time interval when the maintenance is performed under stated
conditions and using stated procedures and resources.
Missed Trip Trip which has not been started until the scheduled time of departure of
the next following trip (failure to be dispatched) or a trip which is
terminated before it reaches the end station of its scheduled service
(withdrawal from service)
Operational The availability that considers administrative & logistic delay times in
Availability addition to the down time due to both preventive & corrective
maintenance.
For Mumbai Metro System, Operational Availability does not consider
the preventive maintenance as no preventive maintenance shall be
performed during the traffic hours thus not affecting the primary
purpose of the Mumbai Metro system to carry passengers safely.
Preventive The maintenance carried out at pre-determined intervals or according
maintenance to prescribed criteria and intended to reduce the probability of failure

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or the degradation of the functioning of an item
Service Punctuality It is defined as the percentage of the total number of scheduled trips for
a day that completes its scheduled journey within 1 (one) minute of the
expected journey time.
Service Reliability It is defined as the percentage of the total scheduled trips per day that
are not missed. [Refer definition of missed trip].
Reliability The probability that an item can perform a required function under
given conditions for a given time interval.
Reliability Growth A condition characterised by a progressive improvement of a reliability
performance measure of an item with time
Repair That part of a corrective maintenance in which manual actions are
performed on an item.
Restore That event when an item regains the ability to perform a required
function after a fault
System All the subsystems which, working together, deliver the complete
Mumbai Metro Line-3. System represents “Mumbai Metro Line-3”.
Sub-system A group of components working together within the Mumbai Metro
Line-3 to contribute to satisfying specified Mumbai Metro Project
operational requirements. The Subsystems that form the Mumbai
Metro System are alignment & track, stations, S&TC, PSS, OCS, AFC,
COM, RST etc.
Sub-Contractor Supplier of a particular component
Trip A trip is a journey of a train from its planned starting station to the
planned end station of its planned service

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
3. DOCUMENT REFERENCES

Following documents and standards are referred while preparing this System Level RAM Plan.

[1]. Detailed Project Report

[2]. EN 50126-1: Railway Applications – The specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS) – Part 1: Basic Requirements & Generic
Process

[3]. EN 50126-3: Railway Applications – The specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS) – Part 3: Guide to the application of
Rolling Stock RAMS

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4. MUMBAI METRO RAIL SYSTEM

4.1 Project Background

4.2 Metro System Description

4.2.1 The metro line 3 comprises of 33.6 Km long underground metro rail with 26 underground and
one at-grade stations. The traction system will be 25 KV single phase, 50Hz, AC overhead
traction system. The track will be standard gauge.

4.2.2 There will be one depot at Aarey Colony to stable, maintain and despatch the trains. OCC will
be housed in depot complex. Backup control system will be at BKC station complex.

4.2.3 The Signalling and Train Control will be communication based on the mainline. Initially trains
will be operated with train operator on board but S&TC system shall be designed so that later it
can be upgraded to Unattended Train Operation (UTO) with ultimate design headway of 90
seconds.

4.2.4 The depot signalling system will be SSI lines operation will be controlled with GoA4 UTO

4.2.5 The S&TC System shall support operation of different train consist i.e. 8 cars and a 8 car
configuration during revenue hours.

4.2.6 The Signalling and Train Control System for the revenue lines shall be controlled from
centralised OCC which shall be located at Aarey Colony. The OCC location shall also house
Administrative Offices of Employer.

4.2.7 The Rolling Stock will be 3.2 metre wide, aluminium/ steel body coaches, air conditioned.

4.2.8 The Trains shall be operated continuously such that the first Train in each direction shall depart
no later than 0500 hours and the last Train shall terminate not earlier than 2330 hours at the
frequency specified provided that on Sundays the duration of services may be reduced by 4
(four) hours.

4.2.9 The Trains in each direction shall be operated such that the difference between arrival time of
two Trains at any Station shall not exceed 3 (three) minutes; provided that such difference may
be increased, subject to a maximum of 15 (fifteen) minutes, depending upon the number of
Users in the respective hour.

4.2.10 The average speed of train movement from terminal to terminal during any hour of the day,
including stops at the Stations, shall not be less than 34 (thirty four) kilometres per hour, stops
at the Stations shall not be less than 20 (twenty) seconds each in safety reports.

4.2.11 The normal service headway shall be 120 seconds at peak time. The signalling system shall be
designed for 90 seconds headway.

4.2.12 The trains shall be capable of sustaining a maximum service speed of 85 KMPH with a civil
speed of 95 KMPH.

4.2.13 The passenger trains shall be of 8-car configuration (DT+M+M+M+M+M+M+DT) in system

reports.

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5. INTRODUCTION

5.1 Objective

5.1.1 The objective of this document is to describe the process, tools and techniques to be used for
the implementation of RAM in Mumbai Metro Line3 project, as a minimum.

5.1.2 Further its intent is to provide instructions and guidelines to the Contractors of Mumbai Metro
in order to align the Sub-system RAM Plans with the overall RAM plan of the System to
achieve the specified RAM performance targets .This document also specifies minimum criteria
for System and Sub-system RAM acceptance.

5.2 Scope of the Document

5.2.1 This document describes the minimum RAM process requirements for the System and Sub-
systems. The Contractor’s shall implement the relevant standards as mentioned in this
document to achieve its Contractual RAM performance.

5.2.2 The safety aspect of RAMS is out of the scope of this document. The same shall be described in
a separate System level document.

5.3 Limitations, Assumptions & Facts

5.3.1 The RAM performance targets for Mumbai Metro are specified in terms of Service Punctuality

5.3.2 Operation Control Centre (OCC), Depot Control Centre (DCC) & Depot Sub-systems
(excluding depot equipment) are not considered as separate Sub-systems for the purpose of
RAM implementation.

5.3.3 The Preventive Maintenance works shall be carried out during the non-traffic hours. Hence
system down time due to preventive maintenance shall not be taken into account while
performing RAM analysis for SAF. Thus the availability calculation related to SAF shall not
consider the down time due to Preventive maintenance.

5.3.4 Further any failure occurring during Preventive Maintenance shall not be considered for the
purpose of RAM analysis & demonstration for SAF unless it has subsequent effect on the
normal operation of the Sub-system or System.

5.3.5 For all conversion purpose between the time and kilometre, the average speed of the train shall
be considered as 34 Kmph unless there is a change in the operational plan which shall be
communicated to the respective Contractors.

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6. RAM PRINCIPLES, METHOLOGY & STANDARDS

6.1 Railway RAM Introduction

6.1.1 Railway RAM is a characteristics of a system’s long term operation & is a major contributor to
the quality of the service provided by the Railway Operating Organization

6.1.2 It is characterized as the qualitative and quantitative indicator of the degree that the system, or
the Sub-systems and components comprising that system, can be relied upon to function as
specified and to be both available and safe.

6.1.3 The goal of the railway system is to achieve a defined level of rail traffic in a given time,
safely. Railway RAM describes the confidence with which the system can guarantee the
achievement of this goal.

6.1.4 RAM in railway is achieved by the application of established engineering concepts, methods,
tools and techniques throughout the life cycle of the system.

6.2 RAM Policy

6.2.1 The RAM policy for Mumbai Metrorail Line 3 System is to provide RAM Assurance for the
Mumbai Metro System through implementation of an effective RAM Management program to
ensure that the Mumbai Metro System are planned, designed and delivered to the required level
of Reliability, Availability & Maintainability standards.

6.3 RAM Assurance Principles

The Contractors shall follow the RAM principles as mentioned below while designing &
developing the Metro System/Sub-system.

6.3.1 The Sub-systems and equipment shall be engineered to maximise system Availability
during traffic hours, to minimise the amount of maintenance required and to ensure that any
maintenance can be easily and quickly carried out, and at minimum cost.

6.3.2 Proven Systems: So far as is reasonably practicable, proven systems shall be adopted with a
known and high degree of reliability.

6.3.3 Fault Tolerance & Graceful Degradation: So far as is reasonably practicable, systems shall be
designed such that service can be maintained in the presence of faults. Subsystems and
components whose failure can significantly impact on RAM performance shall be backed up by
simpler Sub-systems or components that permit continuous operation of the Mumbai Metro
operation.

6.3.4 Recovery: Provision shall be made to recover from any credible fault while minimising
disruption to passenger service.

6.3.5 Condition Monitoring & Diagnostics: Diagnostic systems shall be used to detect, or where
practicable, anticipate faults. Such systems shall, where it is practicable, be used to reduce
requirements for preventive maintenance, to reduce overall costs, and improve reliability.

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6.3.6 Maintenance Scheduling: No regular preventive maintenance will be necessary to infrastructure
(civil works or trackside electrical and mechanical systems) during traffic hours.

6.3.7 Isolation for Maintenance: Systems that require preventive maintenance shall be able to be
isolated so that such maintenance can be carried out during normal service. If this is not
practicable (and this can be demonstrated), then they shall be designed such that preventive
maintenance can be carried out during non-traffic hours.

6.3.8 Preventive Maintenance: Systems shall be designed to optimise preventive maintenance, whilst
achieving the high in-service availability. Condition-based or reliability centred maintenance
shall be adopted where practicable in preference to scheduled maintenance.

6.3.9 Unscheduled Maintenance: Systems shall be designed to allow quick restoration to service
following faults.

6.4 RAM Methodology

6.4.1 It is planned to design, install and commission the Rail Systems by dividing the same into
various sub-systems as below. The tenders will be awarded as separate packages for the
following Sub-System.

 RST : Rolling Stock

 STPT : Signalling & Train Control, Platform Screen Door and

Telecommunication

 AFC : Automatic Fare Collection

 PSS : Power Supply & SCADA

 OCS : Overhead Contact System

 MEP : Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing Sub-systems

 ECS/TVS : Tunnel Ventilation System

 Lift/ Escalators

 Depot Equipment : Depot Equipment Sub-systems

6.4.2 The individual Contractors shall ensure the achievement of the RAM performance of their
respective Sub-systems.

6.4.3 The RAM activities shall be considered as an integral part of the design and development
process. The Contractors shall ensure participation of their System Assurance organization in
all engineering reviews

6.4.4 All engineering submissions at any level shall be considered as incomplete without the
performance of specified RAM activities and without the submission of RAM documents.

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6.4.5 RAM performance targets shall be considered as Key Performance Indicators for the Sub-
systems which Contractors need to comply. Non-compliance to any of the RAM requirements
and short fall to achieve the required RAM performance level shall attract penalties as specified
in the contract documents of Sub-systems.

6.4.6 During consideration of precedence in the control of system hazards, the Contractors
shall take account of human limitations as an engineering constraint. The Contractors shall take
actions to satisfy requirements in the following order of precedence:

 Incorporation of fail-safe or vital features which would allow the system to transfer from a
high loss or risk mode to a lower loss or risk mode upon the occurrence of a critical failure;
and

 Reduction of the probability of occurrence of a failure by increased component

reliability or by provision of supervised redundant components.

6.5 RAM Standards

6.5.1 Latest edition of the following mandatory standards shall be implemented by the Contractor for
the successful implementation of RAM to the System and Sub-system.

 EN 50126-1: Railway Applications – The specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS) – Part 1: Basic Requirements & Generic
Process

 EN 50126-3: Railway Applications – The specification and Demonstration of Reliability,

Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS) – Part 3: Guide to the application of
Rolling Stock RAMS

 EN 50128: Railway Applications - Communications, signalling and processing systems -

Software for railway control and protection systems

 EN 50129: Railway Applications - Communications, signalling and processing systems -

Safety related electronic systems for signalling

6.5.2 EN 50128 & EN 50129 shall be implemented for all Sub-systems and shall not be limited to
communication, signalling & processing systems.

6.5.3 Apart from the above mentioned mandatory standards, it is recommended to follow the latest
editions of the mentioned below;

 IEC 61025: Fault Tree Analysis

 IEC 61078: Analysis techniques for dependability: Reliability block diagram and Boolean
methods

 IEC 60812: Analysis techniques for system reliability – Procedure for failure modes and
effects analysis (FMEA)

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 BS 5760, Part 5: Reliability of systems, equipment and components. Guide to failure modes,
effects and criticality analysis (FMEA and FMECA)

 MIL-STD-1629A: Procedure for performing a Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis

 MIL STD 471-A: Maintainability Verification / Demonstration / Evaluation

 IEC 60300-3-5: Dependability management - Part 3-5: Application guide – Reliability test
conditions and statistical test principles.

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7. GENERAL RAM REQUIREMENTS

The Contractor shall produce a Sub-system RAM plan that integrates the RAM assurance
elements in all phases of the Works and incorporates a disciplined approach to evaluate the
Sub-system design. The Sub-system RAM Plan shall be approved by MMRC.

7.1.1 The Sub-system RAM plan shall be developed specifically for the Sub-system under the
respective Contract and shall address in particular RAM engineering analysis, which
shall ensure a high degree of failure-free operation and minimize down time during
revenue service operations, preventative and corrective maintenance

7.1.2 The Contractor shall submit a compliance matrix with all phases and tasks to be performed, as
detailed in the Sub-system RAM plan and Program of the Contractor.

7.1.3 The Sub-system RAM plan shall also be applied to sub-Contractors and shall be carried out
during the engineering, manufacture, installation, testing and commissioning phases of
the Works and its operation.

7.1.4 The Sub-system RAM plan shall define the Contractor’s approach, procedures and
schedules for conducting the Reliability Engineering, Availability Engineering,
Maintainability Engineering.

7.1.5 Human Factors Engineering shall be considered as an integral part of RAM Assurance and
shall be considered and reflected within the Sub-system RAM plan.

7.1.6 The Contractor shall pro-actively engineer the systems to meet the Availability, Reliability
and Maintainability performance requirements specified for the Project and
demonstrate that the requirements have been met by the Sub-systems installed.

7.1.7 The Contractor shall make recommendations for re-engineering or modifications necessary
to assure compliance with specified requirements including redundancy, utilization of
high reliability components, built-in self-diagnostics and “self-healing”; utilization of in-
service status displays to enhance fault isolation and test; easy accessibility and quick
disconnect connectors; and, the use of mechanical keying to reduce errors during installation
and repair.

7.1.8 The Contractor shall use warning devices and systems which are audio/visual portion
of a vital system in which the human is the responder.

7.1.9 In the process the potential hazards to Safety, Availability, and Reliability and Maintainability
performance should be minimized where design options permit.

7.1.10 The Sub-system RAM plan shall provide a sound basis for acceptance of the RAM
performance; progress information; confidence that the engineering is proceeding with a
low risk of failing to meet the performance requirements; information that will aid the
planning of work schedules; and part of the foundation of the safety case for operation of the
line.

7.1.11 In the event that Employer retains the services of an additional Independent RAM
Assessor, the Contractor shall coordinate with the Independent RAM Assessor and
provide all documentation requested by them to carry out their obligations.

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8. RAM ORGANIZATION

8.1 Project RAM Organization Chart

The overall Mumbai Metro RAM organization structure is shown in the below figure. The roles
and responsibility of each party are described in section 8.3.

Director (Systems) and Executive Director/ General Managers of MMRC

GC: Interface expert, Chief Interface Engineer, Chief RAMS Engineer, RAMS Engineer,
Discipline Key Experts

Contractor’s RAM Managers

(Figure : Mumbai Metro Line3 RAM Organization)

8.2 Organizational Requirements for RAM

8.2.1 The following Sub-systems are considered as the core Sub-systems of the Mumbai Metro
System due to the fact that they have the potential to create a Service Affecting Failure.

 Rolling Stock

 Signalling & Train Control

 Overhead Contact System

 Power Supply & SCADA

 Track systems

 Data Transmissions System (Communication)

8.2.2 Since these are the SAF contributing Sub-systems, these Sub-systems need focused RAM
approach implementation throughout the development

8.2.3 The RAM organization of these Sub-systems shall have at least one dedicated RAM Engineer
who shall have implemented the RAM strategy for the relevant Sub-system in at least one
Metro/railway project environment.

8.2.4 Alternatively the Contractors may hire the service of a professional RAM consultant for the
entire scope of the RAM work.

8.2.5 In either case, approval of Project Manager will be required from GC.

8.2.6 An appropriate degree of independence shall be provided to the RAM role in the project such
that the RAM aspects of the project shall not get diluted in the environment of constant
challenges of project cost reduction and time schedule achievement.

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8.2.7 For all other Sub-systems the Contractors shall appoint appropriate RAM Engineer to fulfil the
contractual RAM obligations.

8.3 Roles & Responsibility

 Contractors RAM Organization: Prepare Sub-system level RAM documents to implement

the RAM process on time & in line with the process explained in the System RAM plan &
industries good practices.

 Perform RAM Review of appropriate Sub-system level specification, design, manufacturing,

testing and commissioning documents prior to submission of the same to MMRC to ensure
that the RAM aspects of the Sub-systems are implemented in these document.

 A key responsibility of the RAM organisation shall be to ensure that there is a feedback
from the RAM studies at the design stages, in order to eliminate or reduce weak points that
could have an adverse effect on the final RAM performance.

8.3.1 RAM Organization: GC

 Prepare the Mumbai Metro System level RAM Plan.

 Review and approve Sub-system RAM submissions from Contractors to make sure that they
are as per the contractual RAM requirements.

 Review and approve Sub-system specification, design, manufacturing, testing and

commissioning document as submitted by the Contractors to ensure that the Sub-system
meets the required RAM performance level.

 Co-ordinate and support the audit and assessment as conducted by the external auditors and
regulatory agencies.

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9. CONSIDERATION OF FAILURES FOR RAM STUDY

9.1 Service Affecting Failure (SAF)

9.1.1 A failure is considered as SAF when either of the following occurs due to the effect of the
failure.

 The arrival of the train at the terminal station is delayed by more than one minute compared
to its scheduled time table.

 Missed trip as per time table

9.1.2 A single SAF can create multiple numbers of trip delays or missed trips. For calculation of
Service Punctuality, the actual number of trip delays and trip losses shall be considered
irrespective of the number of SAF.

9.1.3 However for calculation of Sub-system RAM performance, in the above case, only one failure
shall be considered. In this case the down time shall be calculated as the time difference
between the start of the failure which caused the first delayed trip and the time when the Sub-
system is restored after the last delayed trip due to the same failure i.e. time duration during
which the normal operation is not available. If the sub-system failure causes a trip loss, then the
down time shall be calculated as the time duration during which the normal schedule trips are
affected due to the failure.

9.1.4 Withdrawal of a train from mainline shall be considered as a missed trip. The same shall be
considered in the calculation of Sub-system RAM performance.

9.1.5 If a SAF of a Sub-system is caused by an existing SAF, then the latter SAF shall not be
considered for the purpose of RAM analysis & demonstration, provided the SAF of the latter
Sub-system can be rectified within the time period during which the first Sub-system was down
due to the said SAF.

9.1.6 However, if the latter Sub-system is unable to recover from its failure prior to the recovery of
the Sub-system that failed first, thus affecting RAM performance further, the SAF shall be
considered and will be charged to the latter sub-system.

9.1.7 Failure caused by vandalism and other unexpected conditions by Act of God, such as flooding,
earth quake, land slide etc. shall not be considered as SAF.

9.1.8 Additionally any failure that causes a train withdrawal shall be considered as a SAF in the
missed trip category.

9.2 Non - Service Affecting Failure (Non-SAF)

9.2.1 All other failures which do not fall under the clause 9.1 are referred as Non-Service Affecting
Failures.

9.2.2 Non SAF shall also be reported, investigated and corrective action taken and record shall be
maintained.

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10. CONTRACTUAL RAM TARGETS FOR SYSTEM & RAM APPORTIONMENT

10.1 System RAM Target

10.1.1 The punctuality for the day, calculated at the terminal Stations with respect to the time table,
shall be more than 98.5%. If the arrival of a train at the terminal Station is delayed by more
than 1 (one) minute, it will be deemed to have lost punctuality.

10.1.2 Apart from the above mentioned quantitative RAM requirement, there are qualitative RAM
requirements specified in technical specifications.

10.2 RAM Apportionment & Sub-system Targets

10.2.1 For core Sub-systems as specified in clause 8.2.1, the RAM performance targets shall be
specified in terms of MTBSAF / MKBSAF, MTTR, % Availability. These targets shall be
based on benchmarking against established similar metro systems. The subsystem RAM
targets are specified in respective technical specifications.

10.2.2 A System modeling & simulation shall then be carried out to verify that, with these specified
targets for the Sub-systems, the RAM performance target of Mumbai Metro as specified in
section 10.1 shall be achieved.

10.2.3 For all other Sub-systems and for the core Sub-systems as well, RAM performance targets
shall be specified for Non-SAF after benchmarking these Sub-systems with similar Metro
Systems, to manage and control the Non-SAFs.

10.2.4 The RAM targets of the Sub-systems shall be mentioned in the respective Technical
Specification of the Sub-systems.

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
11. SUB-SYSTEM RAM ACTIVITIES

This section describes the list of RAM activities to be performed by all Contractors, unless
otherwise specified, at different stages of the project life cycle. These are the minimum
requirements and the Contractor shall implement the relevant RAM standards as described in
this document.

11.1 Project Feasibility

11.1.1 No Sub-system related RAM activities are envisaged at this stage.

11.2 Invitation for Tenders

11.2.1 No Sub-system related RAM activities are envisaged at this stage.

11.3 Contract Negotiation & Award

11.3.1 The Contractor shall review the RAM performance requirements as specified in the Tender
documents by MMRC and may like to discuss with MMRC for further clarification.

11.4 Design & Implementation

11.4.1 Sub-System RAM Plan:

The Contractor shall prepare detail level Sub-system RAM Plan during preliminary design
stage, in line with the System RAM plan and relevant standards. The Sub-system RAM plan
shall include as a minimum;

 Sub-system RAM Assurance Requirements

 Procedures to perform the specific tasks necessary to meet RAM requirements;

 Responsibilities of personnel directly associated with RAM assurance policies and

implementation of the programme;

 RAM assurance organization; and

 Identification of the authority dedicated to the RAM assurance organization and the
relationship between the assurance organization and other organizational components.

 Sub-system RAM acceptance criteria

11.4.2 Sub-System RAMS Apportionment:

The Contractor shall perform RAM apportionment to components of the Sub-systems

including hardware & software if any. The apportionment shall be done to the lowest level of
functional unit or Line Replaceable Units (LRU). Where practicable, the apportionment shall
be based on established standard and actual data rather than assumptions / judgments.

11.4.3 FMECA / FMEA & FTA:

 The Contractor shall identify and quantify the ways in which the works for which they
are responsible could fail to provide the intended level of service in terms of RAM.

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
 The effects on the system of single and co-incident multiple failures shall also be
addressed.

 The effects of human errors and errors arising from interfaces with other items of
equipment shall be addressed as an integral part of the analysis.

 Software / Firmware FMECA & FTA shall be conducted for Sub-systems consisting of
software as a core component.

 Design considerations shall take priority over operational procedures while mitigating
the identified failure modes. Where ever operational & maintenance measures are
considered as a means to mitigate the failure modes, such measures shall be mentioned
specific to the failure mode under consideration. Further all such measures will be
submitted to and reviewed by the Operation & Maintenance Contractor.

 The Contractor shall identify and segregate the service affecting failures modes from
non-service affecting failure modes. For each of the service affecting failure modes, the
Contractor shall suggest the immediate measure to be taken during traffic hours to restore
the service to normal as soon as possible. A list of Reliability Critical Items and
Maintainability Critical Items shall be identified.

 To standardize the FMECA across the Mumbai Metro project a common FMECA /
FMEA template shall be provided to all Contractors for carrying out the analysis. The
risk ranking process shall be specific to the Sub-system and hence shall be proposed by
the Contractor for MMRC’s review & acceptance.

 The first draft of the FMECA / FMEA shall be submitted along with the preliminary
design documents. The FMECA/FMEA shall be a living document and shall be updated
regularly.

11.4.4 RAM Modelling, Simulation, Analysis and Prediction:

 The Contractor shall perform RAM modeling, simulation, & analysis to predict the
achievement of the RAM performance targets.

 The RAM analyses of each Sub-system shall be done up to the point of interface with
other systems.

 Reliability block diagrams, using computerized applications that has the capability to
perform a dependable statistical simulation & analysis, shall be developed which
show each equipment element that is essential to the performance of the system,
including element inter relationships. Block diagrams shall be revised to keep current
with design iterations.

 The Contractor shall provide Reliability prediction and apportionment in

accordance with established techniques or standard or properly documented and
verifiable field failure data for identical or similar equipment. The standards used or the
source of field data shall be identified.

 Quantitative Maintainability assessments to all significant functional levels of the

system, subsystems or equipment shall be allocated. Maintainability analyses

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
during engineering, development and testing shall be used to evaluate the degree of
achievement of the maintainability requirements. The Contractor shall identify the
standards by which these allocations are made. The maintainability assessment shall
address all methods by which equipment can be restored to a specified condition using a
minimum of resources.

 The Contractor shall develop predictions to judge the adequacy of the proposed
engineering to meet quantitative Maintainability requirements and shall identify
design features requiring corrective action during early stages of engineering and
development.

 The Contractor shall co-ordinate results of RAM Assurance analysis with each
engineering discipline, particularly as the results affect engineering and hardware
development.

 The Contractor shall document instances where evaluations or analyses indicate an

unresolved problem area and formulate appropriate recommendations as well as maintain
records, which show that follow-up action has been taken to resolve the problem.

 Following the RAM analysis, the Contractor shall provide the list of recommended
spares based on the outcome of the RAM analysis.

 The RAM Analysis report shall be submitted to MMRC along with each formal design
submissions.

11.4.5 Failure Reporting Analysis Corrective Action System (FRACAS)

 A FRACAS database shall be established in the early design stage and shall be used
throughout the design, manufacturing, factory testing, interface testing, integrated
testing, commissioning & DLP.

 The FRACAS shall provide a documented history of any problems and failures and
their associated corrective actions as well as detailing of how and why each
problem arose, or failure occurred.

 The FRACAS shall be implemented for monitoring the safety and RAM
performance of the equipment, from the design (where changes may result from
conclusions of the predictive analysis), through testing and commissioning and into
operation.

 The FRACAS shall be used to monitor the performance of components and to identify
patterns of failures so that corrective action can be taken to improve both current and
future systems.

 The FRACAS shall be of an electronics application type and shall be capable of

generating different kinds of reports for management reporting and RAM analysis
purpose.

 The FRACAS database of the Contractor shall be compatible with that of the Operator
such that the data and reports from the Contractor’s FRACAS database can be easily
imported into the Operator’s FRACAS database by the Contractor.

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 All failures, whether chargeable or non-chargeable shall be maintained in the FRACAS
and none of the failures shall skip the FRACAS database at any stage of the Sub-system
development.

 Failure Review Board (FRB) shall be formed within the Contractor’s organization to
review major chargeable failures encountered during different stages of the testing &
commissioning. The FRB shall be active till the end of the DLP. The Contractor shall
participate in the FRB meetings organized by MMRC at different stages of the Project
and during DLP period to discuss and accept the failure resolution and the Contractor’s
responsibility towards the same.

11.4.6 RAM Demonstration Test Plan

 At the end of detailed design stage the Contractors shall produce a RAM demonstration
test plan for the review and approval of MMRC. As a minimum, the RAM demonstration
test plan shall include the following:

 A statement of the RAM targets

 RAM Demonstration strategy & method of demonstration

 A statement of the duration of the test, including its extension if targets are not met

 The method for determining whether targets have been met

 Failure data collection

 Participation in the FRB

 Failure analysis and allocation of failures to the appropriate contractor or other party

 Statistical analysis of the failure records

 Assessment against the criteria in the RAM demonstration test procedure

 Records of the MTTR

 Analysis of whether the subsystem has met, or is predicted to meet, the RAM targets

 Method for the maintainability demonstration

 List of the components that will be covered in the maintainability demonstration

11.5 Manufacturing, Construction & Installation Stage:

11.5.1 During the manufacturing, installation and construction, individual components shall be tested
to establish whether they are likely to be able to achieve the overall RAM targets established
for the equipment at the beginning of the design process.

11.5.2 Component Reliability Development/Growth Testing (pre-production):

 The Contractor shall conduct pre-production testing to provide a basis for identifying,
informing and resolving majority of reliability problems early in the development stage,

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
and incorporating corrective action to prevent recurrence, and verification of their
effectiveness, prior to commencement of production

 Corrective actions shall focus on critical failure modes, but all frequent failures
modes, regardless of their criticality must also be considered as important to
improving basic reliability.

11.5.3 Component Reliability Acceptance Testing (production):

 The Contractor shall undertake reliability acceptance testing with the purpose of
assessing equipment performance, and where necessary implementing corrective
action, before commencement of the Defects Liability Period (DLP).

 Feedback from this testing should be fully recorded by the Contractor, using the
failure reporting mechanism (FRACAS) and feed back into the design and/or
RAM assessments.

11.5.4 Component Maintainability demonstration:

 The Contractor shall demonstrate that the required maintainability of the

components & Sub-systems will be achieved through the medium of a demonstration
of repair times (MTTR).

 The process can be expedited by injection of faults on equipment. The sample size and
test duration shall be determined statistically.

11.5.5 The requirements as stated in clauses 11.5.1 to 11.5.5 may be waived of for those
Components for which the Contractor can demonstrate by a sensitivity analysis or other
means that the impact of such Components on reliability and maintainability will be
insignificant.

11.5.6 Component reliability tests as mentioned above for certain case may be waived if these were
carried out earlier on equipment of identical design, witnessed by a reputed organization, and
the service performance of such equipment was found to be reliable. The Contractor shall
submit the certificates or other evidences in this regard to MMRC for review. The waiver of
type test is entirely at the discretion of MMRC.

11.5.7 The Contractor shall establish maintenance related tools and equipment requirement for the
Sub-systems.

11.6 Testing, Commissioning & Trial Run

11.6.1 The testing procedures shall ensure that all the critical failure modes as identified during the
FMECA / FMEA are addressed through proper test cases. A traceability matrix shall be
developed such that these critical failure modes are traced back to the corresponding test
cases. All failure modes shall be considered as critical failure modes unless the Contractor
demonstrates by a sensitive analysis or other means that the impact of a failure mode on
reliability and maintainability will be insignificant.

11.6.2 Sub-system RAM performance demonstration shall start from the trial run stage. The
Contractor shall demonstrate the RAM performance targets as mentioned in their respective

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
TS, at the end of the trial run. A trial run period of 30 to 45 days for RAM demonstration is
envisaged at this point of time.

11.6.3 Initial level Sub-system maintainability demonstration shall be carried out through fault
injection techniques or otherwise within the actual O&M environment.

11.7 Defect Liability Period

11.7.1 RAM targets during COD and final RAM targets shall be specified in the Technical
Specifications of Employers requirement of respective package (part 2. VI-B).

11.7.2 The demonstration plan shall be prepared such that, the Sub-systems shall demonstrate
continuous improvement in RAM performance.

11.7.3 The Contractor shall analyze the failures observed and determine the achieved RAM of the
Sub-system.

11.7.4 Should a defect/failure arise, then the Contractor shall perform the failure investigation and
carry out corrective action, if necessary.

11.7.5 The Contractor shall employ suitable mechanisms (e.g. FRACAS) and establish FRB to
support the RAM demonstration. The Contractor shall also participate in the FRB meetings
organized by MMRC during DLP period to discuss and accept the failure resolution and its
responsibility towards the same.

11.7.6 The report shall provide evidence that the RAM targets have been achieved or are predicted
to be achieved, or not achieved, and shall include any supporting calculations relevant to
the demonstration.

11.7.7 In addition, the Contractor shall submit quarterly return giving summary of concerned
monthly reports to keep track on the RAM performance, and to determine the effectiveness
of the corrective action, if any, on a regular basis.

11.7.8 MMRC may like to go for a partial operation i.e. with reduced fleet size and section of
alignment etc. The contractor shall align its RAM demonstration plan in line with the
operational plan.

11.8 Operation & Maintenance (Post Sub-system DLP)

11.8.1 No RAM related tasks are envisaged for the Sub-systems at this stage of the project.

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
12. RAM ACTIVITIES FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF SUB-SYSTEMS

12.1 This clause describes the RAM process rigor for different types of Sub-systems based on their
functional criticality. It is understood that all the requirements as mentioned in section 11 and
the requirements as per the relevant standards may not be fully applicable to all sub-systems.
12.2 Hence for the purpose of clarity in application of the different RAM process to different Sub-
systems, the Sub-systems are divided into three groups. The grouping of the Sub-systems is
presented below as in table below.

SUB-SYSTEM CATEGORIZATION FOR RAM TASK

Sl
Sub-systems Category
No.
1 Rolling Stock (Train) A
2 Signaling & Train Control A
3 Track System A
4a. Overhead Contact System A
4b. Power Supply System A
5a. Data Transmission System A
5b. Telephone System C
5c. Radio System C
5d. CCTV System C
5e. Passenger Information Display System C
5f. Clock System C
5g. Access Control & Intrusion Detection System C
5h. Public Address System C
5i. Voice Recording System C
5j. Fault Reporting System C
5k. Office Automation & Information Technology C
6a. Station Computer Systems B
6b. Automatic Gates B
6c. Ticket Vending Machines B
6d. Ticket Office Machines B
6e. Excess Fare Office B
6f. Portable Ticket Analyzer C
6g. Central Computer Facility B
7a. Lift B
7b. Escalator B
7c. MEP: Fire Protection Systems B
7d. MEP: Fire Detection & Alarm B
7e. MEP: Public Health Engineering Sub-systems C
7f. MEP: Electrical Systems including DG & UPS B
7g. MEP: Ventilation & Air Conditioning C
7h. MEP: Building Management Systems (BMS) B
8a. Train Wash Plant B
8b. Rail Car Lifting System B
8c. Under floor Wheel Lathe B

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21

8d. Under frame Cleaning Plant B

8e. Overhead Electric Travelling Cranes (EOTs) C
8f. Rail Mounted Vehicles B
8g. Bogie Drop Pits B
8h. Other Depot Equipment D
12.3 Failure in a Group A Sub-systems has the potential to affect the train Service Punctuality.

12.4 Failure in Group B Sub-systems does not affect or have negligible effect on the train
punctuality but these Sub-systems are critical from the metro operation point of view.

12.5 Failure in Group C Sub-systems does not affect the punctuality and comparatively minimal
impact on the normal operation of the Mumbai Metro operation.

12.6 Failure in Group D Sub-systems has the least impact on metro operation.

12.7 Table below shows the customized RAM tasks for the above mentioned group of Sub-
systems.
MINIMUM RECCOMENDED RAM REQUIREMENTS
Category - A &
RAM Requirement B Category - C Category - D
Sub-system RAM Plan YES YES OPTIONAL
Quantitative Target YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
Qualitative Targets YES YES OPTIONAL
RAM Apportionment YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
FMEA YES YES OPTIONAL
FMECA YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
FTA YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
Reliability & Maintainability Critical
YES YES OPTIONAL
Item List
RAM Modeling, Simulation, Analysis
YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
& Prediction
RAM Testing (Component) /
YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
Certificates
FRACAS YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL
RAM Demonstration YES OPTIONAL OPTIONAL

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
13. SUB-SYSTEM RAM SUBMISSIONS

13.1.1 The Contractors shall submit the documents as mentioned in the following table and in line
with section 12 at different stages of the project for the review and approval of MMRC.

Reliability, Availability & Maintainability Submissions (Contractor)

Testing, Trial
Sl Design & Construction Defect
Deliverables Run &
No Implementation & Installation Liability
Commissioning

1 Sub-system RAM plan P U U -

Sub-system RAM Apportionment
P - - -
2 Report
RAM Analysis Report
P U U U
3 (Preliminary & Detailed)
4 FMECA / FMEA / FTA P U U U
Reliability & Maintainability
P U U U
5 Critical Item List
6 Traceability Matrix P U U -
Failure Management System
- P U U
7 (FRACAS) Plan
List of recommended Spares &
P U U U
8 Tools
Component RAM Testing Plan /
- P U -
9 Report / Certificate
Sub-system RAM demonstration
P U U U
10 Plan
Sub-system RAM demonstration
- - P U
11 Report
Monthly(Quarterly) RAM Report
- - - P
12 (Regular)

P: Produce, U: Update, R: Review, “-“: Not Applicable

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
14. SYSTEM RAM ACTIVITIES

14.1.1 This section describes the RAM activities to be performed by MMRC and/or Operator at
different stages of the project execution. The Contractors shall assist MMRC in completing
these activities on time by timely completion of the Sub-system related RAM activities and
thus delivering the Sub-system specific RAM deliverables on or before time.

14.2 Invitation for Tenders

14.2.1 MMRC shall perform RAM apportionment / analysis of the specified Service Punctuality to
derive the Sub-system targets.

14.2.2 A detail level System RAM plan shall be prepared that shall include qualitative and
quantitative RAM requirements for the overall System..

14.2.3 The System Plan shall include high level RAM requirements, RAM Management Plan, RAM
acceptance criteria and RAM demonstration plan for the Systems and Sub-systems.

14.3 Contract Negotiation & Award

14.3.1 MMRC shall discuss with the potential Contractors any queries raised by them on RAM
performance requirements.

14.4 Design & Implementation

14.4.1 Based on the RAM Modelling, Simulation, Analysis and Prediction conducted by the
individual Contractors, MMRC shall integrate and analyse the System RAM Prediction.

14.4.2 MMRC shall review & may audit the Sub-system RAM activities of the Contractors which
include RAM critical design deliverables.

14.4.3 The operator shall establish his FRACAS before start of the Integrated System testing &
commissioning. All failures of integrated testing, trial running, commissioning, Sub-system
DLP and operation shall be managed through operator’s FRACAS. [This is in addition to the
FRACAS requirements as stated in section 11.4.]

14.5 Manufacturing, Construction & Installation Stage:

14.5.1 No specific System related RAM task is envisaged at this stage except monitoring of the
Contractor’s Sub-system RAM activities.

14.6 Testing, Commissioning & Trial Run

14.6.1 MMRC shall review, witness & monitor the Sub-system specific RAM tasks carried out at
this stage.

14.6.2 MMRC shall determine the service punctuality achieved by monitoring and analyse the actual
number of trips which are delayed by more than 1 minute.

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14.6.3 MMRC shall demonstrate a level of Service Punctuality before the start of the commercial
operation and at the end of the DLP of all Sub-systems, during a tentative trial period of 30 to
45 days. A detailed System RAM Demonstration plan shall be prepared.

14.7 Defect Liability Period (of Sub-systems)

14.7.1 MMRC shall continue to monitor the achieved level of service punctuality from the Sub-
contractors RAM demonstration reports apart from monitoring the Sub-system RAM
performance.

14.7.2 MMRC shall monitor the RAM demonstration till the end of the DLP period of all Sub-
systems and for the duration thereafter. The service punctuality shall be monitored on a
continuous basis and the operator shall provide the monthly reports of the same.

14.7.3 Service Punctuality at any point of time shall be calculated as the ratio of “total number of
trips delayed at the terminating station by more than one minute” to “total number of
scheduled trips”. The calculation shall be done at monthly intervals considering a moving
average of 3 months of operation. .

14.8 Operation & Maintenance (Post Sub-system DLP)

14.8.1 RAM Performance Monitoring

 RAM performance monitoring shall continue throughout the O&M period and shall be
performed by Operator.

 Real time failure data shall be collected from the Mumbai Metro O&M and the same shall
be analysed using statistical techniques to evaluate the RAM performance of the system.

 Necessary mitigation actions may be taken should the RAM performance of system not
meet the desired performance level.

 Operator shall utilize FRACAS and develop suitable organisation structure with the FRB
to sustain the achievement of the RAM performance targets throughout the operation
period.

14.8.2 Modification & Retrofit

 In case of modification and retrofit activities, based on the level of modification and
retrofit an appropriate RAM plan shall be developed which shall take care of the necessary
RAM activities to be repeated which has already been taken care during system
development & commissioning phases.

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
15. SYSTEM RAM DELIVERABLES

15.1.1 MMRC and/or Operator shall produce the following RAM documents.

Reliability, Availability & Maintainability Deliverables (MMRC/Operator)

Invitation for
Design & Construction
Sl Tender & Testing, Trial Run Defect
Deliverables Implementa &
No Contract & Commissioning Liability
tion Installation
Award
1 System RAM Plan P U U U -
RAM Requirements
for Sub-systems (As
P - - - -
part of Contract
2 Document)
Preliminary System
RAM Analysis & - P - - -
3 Apportionment Report
Failure Management
System (FRACAS) - P - - -
4 Plan
System RAM
- P U U U
5 Demonstration Plan
System RAM
- - - P U
6 Demonstration Report

P: Produce, U: Update, R: Review, “-“: Not Applicable

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
16. RAM ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

16.1.1 The Contractor shall carry out all RAM related activities and submit appropriate documents
as evidence of these activities to MMRC on a timely manner for successful implementation
of the RAM.

16.1.2 As a minimum, the Contractor shall comply with the RAM requirements as mentioned in
this System RAM plan.

16.1.3 RAM shall be integrated into the Sub-system design & development process. Failure to
complete RAM activities on time shall be considered as non-compliance to the RAM plan.

16.1.4 The Contractor shall present a compliance matrix that shall trace the design to the contract
documents, to demonstrate that all qualitative RAM requirements are considered while
designing the Sub-system.

16.1.5 The Contractor shall support in the System level RAM demonstration test.

16.1.6 The Sub-systems shall achieve the level of RAM performance target as mentioned in their
respective TS after the completion of the trial run and before the start of the revenue service.

16.1.7 The Contractors shall submit regularly all RAM monitoring and growth reports and shall
demonstrate a continuous growth in RAM performance (predetermined targets) starting
from trial run till DLP. Intermediate RAM targets, starting from COD till DLP, shall be
specified to the Contractor which the Contractor shall achieve.

16.1.8 Non-achievement of the specified RAM performance targets at commercial date of opening
and at all other intermediate stages till DLP shall attract penalty as mentioned in Sub-system
Contract Documents.

16.1.9 The overall System shall be able to demonstrate the RAM performance target as mentioned.

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17. CONTROL OF SUB-CONTRACTORS

17.1.1 The Contractor shall devise an appropriate Sub-contractor RAM management plan in order
to maintain the quality and RAM of the supply from the sub-Contractor. The Sub-contractor
RAM management plan shall be a part of the Sub-system RAM plan.

17.1.2 Appropriate RAM requirements that are specified in this System RAM plan for the Sub-
system shall also be applicable to the Sub-contractors.

17.1.3 The Contractor shall conduct regular audits and assessment of the sub-Contractor to monitor
the RAM performance of the supplies.

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18. RAM AUDITS & ASSESSMENTS

18.1.1 MMRC/GC may conduct RAM audit on the Contractors and sub-Contractors RAM
activities to ensure the integrity of the RAM management process and may undertake
technical review in various phase of the Project.

18.1.2 Access to all relevant design and production information will be required by MMRC/GC.
The Contractor shall make available all relevant documents for the RAM auditor to review.

18.1.3 Throughout the project life cycle the IRA shall be auditing the RAM activities of the
MMRC/GC and its Contractors to ensure the integrity of the RAM management process.

18.1.4 A similar auditing process shall be established by the Contractors to audit the RAM
activities performed by the Sub-contractors

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Section VI A: General Specifications - Appendix 21
APPENDIX: FMECA TEMPLATE

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