ALANCO

ENVIRONMENTAL
MANUFACTURING

800-500-9777

PULSE JET FILTER

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
MANUAL

Alanco Environmental Manufacturing

South Hwy. 73
P.O. Box 398
Falls City, NE 68355
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.alancomfg.com
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 2
RECEIVING YOUR EQUIPMENT ..................................................................................................... 2
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.................................................................................................................. 3
Warnings ........................................................................................................................................ 3
Decals ............................................................................................................................................ 3
DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................... 4
THE FILTRATION PROCESS........................................................................................................... 6
High Temperature Precautions ...................................................................................................... 6
Mechanical Operation .................................................................................................................... 6
Solenoid & Diaphragm Valve ......................................................................................................... 7
FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES.......................................................................................................... 9
Cotton............................................................................................................................................. 9
Polypropylene ................................................................................................................................ 9
Acrylics......................................................................................................................................... 10
Polyesters .................................................................................................................................... 10
Ryton............................................................................................................................................ 10
Nomex.......................................................................................................................................... 10
Teflon (PTFE)............................................................................................................................... 10
Fiberglass..................................................................................................................................... 10
P-84.............................................................................................................................................. 11
Surface Treatment of Filtration Media.......................................................................................... 11
Pre-coating Filter Media............................................................................................................... 11
INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................... 11
Filter ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Compressed Air ........................................................................................................................... 11
Lubrication.................................................................................................................................... 11
Bags and Cages........................................................................................................................... 12
E86 cartridge installation.............................................................................................................. 13
Explosion vents ............................................................................................................................ 14
MAINTENANCE............................................................................................................................... 15
Lubrication.................................................................................................................................... 15
Timer Adjustments ....................................................................................................................... 15
Cleaning and Repair .................................................................................................................... 15
Solenoid and Diaphragm Valves.................................................................................................. 15
Filter Elements ............................................................................................................................. 15
Rotary Valve (Airlock) .................................................................................................................. 16
Screw Conveyor........................................................................................................................... 16
Gearmotors .................................................................................................................................. 16
TROUBLESHOOTING FILTER ....................................................................................................... 17
INTRODUCTION

Alanco Environmental Manufacturing along with all of our employees thank you for selecting us to
fulfill your needs for environmental control equipment.

Pulse Jet Filters provide a mechanically simple, efficient and economical means to separate
particulate from a gas stream. The absolute minimum of moving parts enhances the efficiency
and durability of the system. This manual will provide the information needed for an operator or
maintenance technician to understand the process of fabric filtration and the mechanical operation
of your Alanco Pulse Jet Filter. Understanding these basic principles will assure that this filter will
provide years of dependable service with minimum maintenance.

Thank You.

RECEIVING YOUR EQUIPMENT

A visual inspection of your equipment should be performed before it is removed from the truck.
Dents, scratches and other damage should be noted and photographed. The structural integrity of
the filter housing will be adversely affected by dents. Alanco should be notified of any structural
damage to your equipment immediately. Packing lists should be checked thoroughly and
shortages should also be reported to Alanco. It is the purchaser’s responsibility to file shortage
reports and damage claims with the carrier and the supplier. The carrier is responsible for any
damage to the equipment while it is in transit.

2
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Warnings

• Do not operate this equipment without guards, access doors and covers secured.
• Lock out power before servicing this equipment.
• This equipment is automatically controlled and will start at any time without warning.
• Do not enter access plenum while system fan is operating: airflow can pull service door closed
causing severe injury or entrapment.
• Some filter housings are considered a confined space by OSHA. Follow procedures set forth
by your safety administrator.

FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR

PROPERTY DAMAGE!

!READ AND UNDERSTAND SAFETY DECALS!

Decals

3
DEFINITIONS

ACR Air to Cloth Ratio. The velocity that a gas moves through a filter
media. Divide the gas volumetric flow rate (cfm) by the total area of
filtration media in (sq. ft.)

Agglomeration To gather into a mass.

Bag Filter element, sock. Usually supported by a wire cage.

Cake Agglomeration of dust particles on the surface of a filter element.

Can Velocity Upward speed of air moving through a filter housing (fpm). Divide the
gas volumetric flow (cfm) by the cross sectional area of the baghouse
(sq. ft.)

Cartridge Filter Filter element consisting of a pleated filter media supported on a steel
or plastic skeletal frame.

CFM Cubic Feet per Minute – gas flow rate.

Clean Air Plenum Section of a baghouse directly above the tubesheet and filter bags or
cartridges.

Dew Point The temperature at which water vapor in a gas will condense into a
liquid state.

Filter Cake The accumulation of dust on a filter element before cleaning. This
cake assists in the filtration of dust.

Filter Element Refers to a filter bag or cartridge.

Header The pressurized pipe that contains the compressed air supply for
pulsing.

Inch of water A unit of pressure equal to the pressure exerted by a column of water
one inch in height at a standard temperature. 27.7 in. wg. = 1psi.

Interstitial Velocity The apparent velocity of a gas as it passes through the filter element
matrix. It is found by dividing the gas flow rate (cfm) by the cross
sectional area of the filter housing less the area occupied by the filter
elements.

Pressure drop The resistance of flow of a fluid between two points.

Pulse duration The length of time a cleaning pulse lasts.

Pulse frequency The time between pulses in a baghouse cleaning system.

Pulse Jet Generic name given to all pulsing dust collectors.

Purgepipe Pipe with holes in it that extends into a filter clean air plenum and
delivers cleaning air from the header to the filter elements.

Re-entrainment The phenomenon whereby dust is collected from the air stream and
then is returned to the air stream. Occurs when dust is pulsed from a
filter element and then caught by an upward moving air stream.

4
Seeding The application of a relatively coarse, dry dust to a filter element before
start-up to provide an initial filter cake for immediate high efficiency and
to protect filter elements from blinding.

Tubesheet The steel plate that filter elements are suspended from. Separates the
clean air and dirty sections of the baghouse.

Venturi Device used to increase the efficiency of a compressed air pulse.

5
THE FILTRATION PROCESS

Filtration is a dry method of particulate collection in which an array of many individual targets is
assembled into a porous structure through which the aerosol-laden gas is passed. In a pulse jet
filter the collection target is the filter media. Inertial, diffusional, electrostatic, and direct
interception are the primary forces that influence the collection of dry particulate on the filter
media. As collection proceeds, particles impinge upon previously collected particles and a deposit
is built up which in turn becomes a principal collection medium. This agglomeration of particles is
referred to as a “filter cake”. Filtration efficiency is not maximized until this filter cake has formed.
It is normal for a new filter element, which has not been broken in, to allow some fine dust to pass
through it. This slightly visible emission should subside after 72 hrs of operation or sooner.

As the dust cake builds on the filter element surface it becomes increasingly difficult for the gas to
pass through the element. A differential pressure gauge mounted on the filter measures the force
required to pass the gas through the filter media. Normal pressure drop for a pulse jet filter will fall
in the range of 3 to 5 inches of water after the elements are broken in. As the elements get dirty
the differential pressure reading will increase. Eventually the dust cake must be removed from the
filter element surface or airflow will fall to unacceptable levels.

Pulse jet filters are continuous self-cleaning units. A high pressure blast of clean dry compressed
air is injected into each filter element at periodic intervals. This air is stored in a reservoir called a
header. Several purgepipes are attached to the header and extend into the clean air plenum
above rows of filter elements or cartridges. Holes are drilled in the purgepipes directly above each
of the filter elements. Several elements are cleaned by one purge pipe. A solid state timer
controls a solenoid that opens a diaphragm valve allowing air to flow from the reservoir into the
purge pipe and filter element. The element experiences a shock wave while air is forced through it
in a direction opposite to the dirty air flow. A percentage of the dust cake will fall away from the
bag into the filter’s hopper. It is normal for some of the dust to re-entrain itself onto the filter
element.

High Temperature Precautions

Moisture is one of the most predominate causes for fabric filter failures. Care must be taken in
applications involving high humidity gas streams. Dryers and other combustion processes pose
the greatest danger for condensation in the filter. The filters and gas stream temperatures must be
o
maintained at 50 F above the dewpoint of the gas stream. Excursions near or below the dewpoint
of the gas stream will result in condensation of the gas on the baghouse and filter media. This
moisture will change the desired dust cake into an undesirable mud cake, which is difficult to
remove, and may permanently damage the filter media. Corrosion is also intensified under these
conditions. Filters operating under high humidity conditions at any temperature should be
o
protected from gas condensation. This will require heating the filter to 50 F above the gas stream
temperature and insulation of the filter and ducting. Failure to take these precautions will result in
unsatisfactory performance of the equipment and possible catastrophic failure of the filter media.

Mechanical Operation

Alanco Pulse Jet filters are available with continuous or "on demand" cleaning control. Cleaning
duration and frequency are adjustable on the timer board. Photohelic pressure switches can be
used to control the cleaning cycle, which will conserve energy, element wear, and emissions by
maintaining a set pressure drop across the filter elements. Filter bags are made from felted fibers
and are supported on a rigid wire cage. Filter cartridges are made from pleated filter media and
supported on skeletal frames. The composition of the fiber will vary depending on the dust and
gas chemistry, temperature and gas stream humidity. Consult Alanco Engineering for further
information on the characteristics and types of available filter medias.

Filter elements are suspended in the filter from the tubesheet. Wire cages slip into bags and
provide support. Cartridges are self-supporting. On bottom removal filters the filter element
attaches to the factory installed venturi collar with a clamp band. For bag and cage assemblies,
the cage is inserted into the bag and this assembly is slipped over the venturi collar. Cartridges
6
install directly onto the venturi collar. On top bag removal filters the bag or cartridge snaps into the
tubesheet hole. Bags require a cage to be slipped into the bag and its top collar rests on top of the
tubesheet.

Dust is collected on the surface of the filter media and eventually forms a thick cake. When a
pulse of compressed air is injected into the filter element a shock wave is induced that causes the
dust cake to break away. Some of this air will pass through the filter media in a reverse direction
and further separate the dust cake from it. The name "Reverse Pulse Jet" is derived from this
cleaning method. Separated dust falls into the hopper where it is removed through an airlock or
other airtight device. The airlock has a very important function of preventing air from entering the
hopper through its discharge. Leakage at the hopper's discharge will cause re-entrainment of dust
onto the filter elements, which could contribute to high differential pressures.

The solid state programmable timer is available with 3, 10, 20 and 32 output connections. A
potentiometer is provided for the adjustment of the pulse duration and frequency. Duration of the
pulse is factory set at 50 milliseconds. Frequency of the pulse is factory set at 10 to 15 seconds.

Solenoid & Diaphragm Valve

Cleaning air passes from the header through a large diaphragm valve into the purge pipe and into
the filter element. This diaphragm valve is controlled by the timer board with a normally closed
solenoid valve (Figure 1).

SOLENOID & DIAPHRAGM

VALVE OPERATION

SOLENOID
ENCLOSURE

SOLENOID
1/4" VALVE
TUBING
SOLENOID VENT TO
VALVE ATMOSHERE
DIAPHRAGM
DIAPHRAGM (OPEN)
DIAPHRAGM
VALVE
VALVE
AIR TO
BLOWPIPE

DIAPHRAGM
(CLOSED) BLEED
POINT

COMPRESSED
AIR FROM
HEADER

SOLENOID SOLENOID
DE - ENERGIZED ENERGIZED

Figure 1 Solenoid valve operation

7
 THEORY OF OPERATION
(BAG & CAGE PULSE JET FILTER)
# DUST LADEN AIR OR GAS ENTERS # THIS PERMITS A MOMENTARY PULSE OF
THE DUST COLLECTOR THROUGH COMPRESSED AIR TO FLOW FROM THE
THE MATERIAL INLET AIR HEADER DOWN THE BLOWPIPE AND
OUT INTO EACH FILTER BAG.
# AIR PASSES THROUGH THE FILTER
MEDIA WHILE SOLIDS ARE RETAINED # THIS MOMENTARY PULSE TAKES ALL BAGS IN
ON THE FILTER SURFACE. ONE ROW OFF LINE THROUGH PRESSURE
REVERSAL.
# A SIGNAL FROM THE TIMER ACTUATES
THE OPENING OF THE NORMALLY CLOSED # SOLIDS ARE RELEASED TO FALL INTO
SOLENOID VALVE. FILTER HOPPER OR EXISTING BIN.

# OPENING OF THE SOLENOID VALVE # FILTERED AIR EXITS THROUGH THE CLEAN
DECREASES THE AIR PRESSURE IN THE AIR PLENUM EXHAUST.
TUBE CONNECTING THE SOLENOID TO
THE DIAPHRAGM VALVE CAUSING THE
THE VALVE TO OPEN. MODEL NUMBER DEFINITION
(EXAMPLE)
64 AVS 8 STYLE III

TIMER & NUMBER OF STYLE OF NOMINAL LENGTH OF

SOLENOID BAGS FILTER BAGS IN FEET
ENCLOSURES
PURGE AIR CLEAN AIR
DIAPHRAGM PIPE PLENUM
VALVE

COMPRESSED CLEAN AIR

AIR HEADER EXHAUST

TUBESHEET
MAGNEHELIC
GAUGE

FILTER BAG
NO-TOOL & CAGE
ACCESS ASSEMBLY
DOOR

DIRTY AIR
HOUSING

PRIMARY
SECONDARY PULSE
AIR

MATERIAL TUBESHEET
INLET
BAG
CUP
HOPPER BAG
CLAMP
VENTURI

AIRLOCK

Figure 2 Pulse jet filter operation

8
FILTER MEDIA PROPERTIES

Filter media is manufactured from various materials, which provide different beneficial
characteristics: Table 1 is a Fabric Selection chart, which summarizes some of the properties of
common fabric materials.

FILTRATION PROPERTIES
STRENGTH & ABRASION
SOLVENT RESISTNACE
ALKALI RESISTANCE

OPERATING TEMP °F
FLAMERESISTANCE
ACID RESISTANCE

RELATIVE COST
MATERIAL
POLYESTER G G G E G E 1 275
POLYPROPYLENE E E E E P G 1 180
WOOL G F G P P G 1 200
ACRYLIC COPOLYMER G F G G P G 2 260
FIBERGLASS E F E P E F 3 500
NOMEX F G V G E E 4 425
P-84 V F V G E E 5 500
RYTON E E E G E V 6 375
TEFLON E E E G E F 8 450

LEGEND
POOR P
FAIR F
GOOD G
VERY GOOD V
EXCELLENT E
Table 1

Cotton

While cotton is an excellent, low cost natural filtration fiber available in a wide variety of fabric
styles, the primary limitation of cotton fabrics is their temperature limit for continuous operation of
180°F (83°C) and for maximum surges of 225°F (105°C). Cotton is also subject to shrinkage and
damage by bacteria and acidic environments. Cotton is being displaced by synthetic fibers such
as polyesters and acrylics, which offer extended life and resistance to acids and to higher
temperatures. Application is still seen in ambient-temperature industries such as quarry
operations.

Polypropylene
This synthetic is available in both continuous filament and staple fiber form and is produced as
either a felt or woven material but its major limitation is its low maximum continuous operating
temperature of 180°F (88°C). Polypropylene is damaged by oxidizing agents, copper, and related
salts. Its primary benefit is that it is non-hygroscopic (i.e., does not chemically react with water). It
exhibits great resistance to static build-up and abrasion, and provides a slick surface for providing
good dust cake release during cleaning pulses. Polypropylene is widely used in the food,
detergent, chemical processing, pharmaceutical and tobacco industries.

9
Acrylics

These synthetic fibers offer good hydrolytic resistance over a limited temperature range, 260°F
(127°C) continuous, 275°F (135°C) surge. The homopolymer versions, such as Draylon T
produced by Farbenfabriken Bayer AG, is normally recommended. Acrylic fibers are used in the
manufacture of ferrous and of ferrous metals, carbon black, cement, lime, fertilizers and following
spray-dryers in coal-fired burners. They are also used extensively in wet-filtration applications.

Polyesters

Today, polyesters are among the most widely used fabrics for general applications below 275°F
(135°C), their maximum continuous-use temperature. Their maximum surge temperature is about
300°F (149°C). Polyester fibers are produced in both filament and staple form and are available in
both woven and felted fabrics. The primary damaging agents are water (hydrolysis) and
concentrated sulfuric, nitric and carbolic acids. They have good resistance to weak alkalies and
fair resistance to strong alkalies at low temperatures. They have good resistance to most oxidizing
agents and excellent resistance to most organic solvents.

Ryton

This is a relatively new synthetic fiber with a moderate temperature range, 375°F (190°C)
continuous, 450°F, (232°C) surge. It will hydrolyze, but only at temperatures above 375°F. It has
excellent resistance to both acids and alkalies, which makes it very useful in combustion-control
applications. Its early applications have been on industrial coal-fired boilers, waste-to-energy
incineration -- with and without spray dryers --, titanium dioxide, and installations where Nomex
does not perform well due to chemical or hydrolytic attack.

Nomex

This is a commonly used fiber for applications in the 275-400°F (135-204°C) range. It is produced
in both filament and staple fiber form and is available as both woven and felted fabrics. It has
excellent thermal stability, shrinking less than 1% at 350°F (177°C). The fiber is flame resistant,
but when impregnated with combustible dusts will support combustion that will melt and destroy
o
the fabric. Nomex will begin to hydrolyze at 375 F (190°C) when the relative humidity is 10% or
greater. Hydrolysis changes the normal white or grey fabric to a red-brown color. The presence of
acids will catalyze the hydrolysis process. Unacceptably short element life will result where SOx
and moisture are present and frequent dew point excursions occur -- such as coal-fired boilers.
Some acid-retardant finishes have been developed for Nomex, but have been found to improve
element life by no more than 50%, leaving most element life cycles unacceptably short.

Teflon (PTFE)

Teflon is unique among synthetics in its ability to resist chemical attack across the entire pH range
throughout its operating temperature range of 450°F (232°C) continuous, to 500°F (260°C) surge.
This fluorocarbon fiber is non-adhesive, has zero moisture absorption and is unaffected by mildew
or ultraviolet light. The primary shortcomings of Teflon are its poorer abrasion resistance and
relatively high cost. However, the higher cost can often be justified through longer element life in
extreme corrosive atmospheres. Felted Teflon is also produced in combination with staple glass
fibers and marketed by DuPont as Tefaire. This combination produces some improved filtration
and flow characteristics. Applications of Teflon include coal-fired boilers, waste-to-energy
incinerators, carbon black, titanium dioxide, primary and secondary smelting operations, and
chemical processing.

Fiberglass

Most fiberglass fabrics are woven from minute, 0.00015 inch (.0038 mm) filaments. Many
variations of yarn construction, fabric weave, and fabric finish are available. It is also produced in
a felted form. Fiberglass has the highest operating temperature range available in conventional
fabrics: 500°F (260°C) continuous, 550°F (288°C) surge. Above 500°F (260° C), the fiberglass
itself is not directly damaged, but the finish which provides yarn-to-yarn lubrication begins to
10
vaporize, resulting in accelerated mechanical wear of the glass fibers. Fiberglass is
noncombustible, has zero moisture absorption (cannot hydrolyze), has excellent dimensional
stability, and has reasonably good strength characteristics. Woven glass fabrics have high tensile
strength characteristics but relatively low flex strength, especially in the fill (circumference)
direction of the element, and low abrasion resistance. Care must be taken to minimize flexing and
rubbing. Fiberglass fabrics have relatively good resistance to acids but impurities in the glass
fibers are attacked by hydrofluoric, concentrated sulfuric, and hot phosphoric acids. They also
have poor resistance to hot solutions of week alkalies, acid anhydrides, and metallic oxides. For
these reasons, glass fabrics should not be operated below the acid dew point. Fiberglass fabrics
are used extensively with coal-fired boilers and high temperature metals applications.

P-84
P-84 is an aromatic polymer fiber produced in felt form only. The unique shape of the fiber
produces improved capture efficiency characteristics. This fabric is specified at 500°F.
Composites are available that take advantage of the superior filtration characteristics of P-84 while
reducing its cost. Any of the previous felted materials can be combined with P-84 to produce a
fabric composite that exhibits the characteristics of both materials.

Surface Treatment of Filtration Media

Various types of surface treatment are available to enhance the filter medias performance.
Discussion of these treatments and their benefits are beyond the scope of this manual. Please
consult Alanco Environmental Engineering for further information on this subject.

Pre-coating Filter Media

Fine, moist, or adhesive dusts will contribute to premature blinding of filter media. Pre-coating of
the filter media with a layer of an inert dust of known particle size distribution, such as calcium
carbonate (CaCO3),can minimize problems associated with these types of dusts. Consult Alanco
Environmental Engineering for information and recommendations regarding the pre-coating of you
filter media.

INSTALLATION

Filter

Alanco pulse jet filters, depending on size, will be shipped either as complete units or in sections.
All units require the installation of the filter elements along with connections to 110 VAC and
compressed air. Larger filters are shipped in major sub assemblies that are bolted together at the
jobsite and set on the foundation. Refer to the general arrangement drawing for details on the
number of sub-assemblies and the extent of assembly required for your unit.

Compressed Air

Alanco Pulse Jet filters having bags and cages require 90-100 psi CLEAN, DRY, compressed air.
Cartridge filters require 60 psi max. This supply is connected to the filter header. The general
arrangement drawing will note the location and pipe size for the compressed air feed.

Lubrication

There are not any lubrication requirements on a pulse jet filter. However, discharge devices such
as a rotary airlock will require lubrication. Refer to the specific manuals for lubrication of this
equipment.

11
Bags and Cages
BOTTOM ACCESS
BAG AND CAGE INSTALLATION
STEP 4
ENTER FILTER HOUSING WITH
BAG, CAGE AND CLAMP
BAND ASSEMBLY AND SLIDE
THE CAGE COLLAR OVER THE
BAG CUP UNTILL LOCKING RIDGES
ARE ENGAGED. TIGHTEN CLAMP
BAND.
STEP 3
SLIDE CLAMP BAND BAG CUP
OVER BAG AND CAGE
ALIGNING IT ABOVE THE
CAGE COLLAR RIDGE. CLAMP BAND
SPLIT TOP
STEP 2 CAGE COLLAR
FOLD TOP OF BAG AND SUPPORT CAGE
GROUND STRIP (IF SUPPLIED)
INTO CAGE.

STEP 1 FILTER BAG

SLIDE CAGE INTO BAG
BEFORE ENTERING FILTER
HOUSING. ALIGN SEAM IN BAG
WITH SPLIT IN CAGE COLLAR.

Figure 3 Bottom access bag and cage installation

TOP ACCESS
BAG AND CAGE INSTALLATION

1. Lower bottom of bag through hole in tubesheet.

2. Fold snap band (bag top) to insert it into tubesheet
hole. CAGE TOP
3. Fit the groove of snap band to the edge of the SPRING STEEL SNAP BAND
tubesheet and allow band to snap in place. TUBESHEET
4. Slide cage into bag until it rests on the tubesheet.
5. If the bags are equipped with a grounding strip,
fold the wire over the top of the bag and down its
WIRE CAGE
side prior to fitting in the tubesheet. Wire should
be between bag cuff and tubesheet as shown in the GROUND WIRE
illustration. BAG CUFF
6. Check the fit of the snap band. It should be a
secure fit all around with no wrinkles in the snap
band. The top of the bag should be above FILTER BAG
tubesheet approximately 3/8".

Figure 4 Top access bag and cage installation

12
E86 cartridge installation

OUTSIDE CARTRIDGE PLATE

OPEN END
WING NUTS COLLAR

CLOSED END GUIDE RODS

WELDED STUDS

Figure 5 E86 cartridge installation

Check the sealing gasket on the filter element. It should be secure on both ends. If the gasket
has been damaged it can be repaired with silicone caulk if the damage is minor. Major damage
will require replacement of the gasket. Contact Alanco Mfg. If the gasket is loose it can be re-
attached with silicone caulk.

Insert filter element into the cartridge plate hole. Avoid pleated element contact with the cartridge
plate hole edges. This could damage the filter media. Align the flange holes with the studs in the
cartridge plate. Tighten the wing nuts by hand until the flange touches the cartridge plate. The
gasket will be fully compressed.

13
 Explosion vents (optional)

Explosion vent panels should be oriented away from inhabited work zones or traffic ways. Filters
located in a building should be situated on an outside wall and ducted through the wall to the
outside. These ducts should not exceed 10 ft. Consult Alanco Manufacturing Engineering for
further information on explosion vent ducts.

Alanco explosion vents use polymer shear fasteners. Alanco filters are shipped with the explosion
vents fully installed. Four steel shipping bolts located in the corners of the vents must be replaced
with the polymer bolts supplied. These bolts should be torqued snug not to exceed 20 in lb.
FAILURE TO REPLACE THESE STEEL BOLTS COULD RESULT IN INJURY AND DAMAGE
TO PROPERTY! Periodic inspection of the explosion panels should be performed. Check bolt
torque and replace when they will no longer torque to 20 in lb. Check safety chain bolts and
tighten or replace if necessary.

BAGHOUSE

EXPLOSION
VENT PANEL
REPLACE STEEL SHIPPING
BOLTS WITH POLYMER BOLTS
SUPPLIED -TIGHTEN UNTIL SNUG
DO NOT EXCEED 20 IN LBS

Figure 6 Explosion vent

14
MAINTENANCE

Very little maintenance is required to achieve maximum efficiency and life from your Alanco Pulse
Jet Filter. The following items should be periodically serviced.

Lubrication
Pulse Jet Filters have no lubrication requirements.

Timer Adjustments

Do not change the timer adjustments until the filter has had several weeks to stabilize. This break-
in period is required for the filter media to develop a stable interstitial dust cake. After the break-in
period the cleaning frequency can be increased in order to conserve energy and compressed air.
Increase the pulse frequency by adjusting the potentiometer clearly marked on the timer board.
Adjust in 5 second increments allowing 24 hrs of operation between adjustments. After 24 hrs
observe the differential pressure of the unit. The pulse frequency can be extended until an
increase in differential pressure is observed in the filter. For additional information refer to the
manufacturers instructions in the appendix.

The timer board does not require any maintenance but must be kept free of dust and moisture.
Refer to the timer manufacture's manual (attached) for more detailed operation and maintenance
information.

Cleaning and Repair

The external portion of this unit should be treated as any other metal surface that is subject to
corrosion. Clean periodically and repaint damaged surfaces when needed to prevent corrosion.

Dust may enter the clean air plenum through a leaking or broken filter element. Remove
accumulated dust from clean air plenum immediately. Dust in the clean air side of a filter element
will reduce the life and performance of the element.

Solenoid and Diaphragm Valves

The solenoid and diaphragm valves may require periodic maintenance depending on the quality of
the compressed air supplied to the unit.

Filter Elements

Filter elements do not require any periodic maintenance. However, at some point the elements
will require replacement or cleaning. This will be designated by persistent high differential
pressure across the elements that is not accompanied by any other change in the operating
parameters of the system. Many factors effect the life of filter elements. Refer to the section on
trouble shooting if low element life or persistent wear problems are evident.

NOTE: All elements that are to be cleaned should be vacuum cleaned prior to the cleaning
process.

Element Cleaning Process:

Polyester felt fibers are not subject to shrinkage by water alone. They may be washed in water
that does not exceed 140°F. Use a mild soap such as standard dishwashing detergent. Tumble
drying temperatures can cause the bags or cartridges to shrink. Bags will clean better, however,
if the dry cleaning process is used. Dry cleaning solvent (Stoddard Solvent) will not harm them.
Cartridges are generally not machine washable. Consult Alanco engineering for information on
the cleanability of other types of filter bags or cartridges.

Patching: Alanco does not recommend patching filter bags because of leakage problems. Usually
it is more economical to replace the bag.

15
Rotary Valve (Airlock)

The rotary valve should be serviced every six months. Remove the chain guard and end covers
on the bearings; add a small amount of grease by screwing a grease fitting into the hole provided
in the bearing cartridge. Avoid forcing an excessive amount of grease into the bearing as the seal
may become damaged. Check the rubber wipers inside the rotary valve for wear. Replace as
needed with 60 durometer rubber.
The roller chain drive should be kept tight enough so that the chain cannot "climb the sprocket"
and should be oiled lightly once a month.
Remove any foreign properties and paint exterior as needed.

Screw Conveyor

Periodic cleaning and painting when required. The roller chain drive should be kept tight enough
so that the chain cannot "climb the sprocket" and should be oiled lightly once a month. The auger
bearings have been factory pre-lubricated with high quality grease and for normal conditions of
service require no further lubrication. Normal Service is considered as operation in a clean, dry
o o
atmosphere at temperatures between -20 F. and 180 F. Where service is abnormal with respect
to speed, temperature, exposure to moisture, dirt or corrosive chemicals, or where extremely long
life is required, periodic lubrication may be advisable. To lubricate remove pipe plug and replace
with a standard grease fitting.

Gearmotors
For maintenance and lubrication required on this motor refer to Gearmotor Lubrication and
Maintenance Information motor tags.

16
 TROUBLESHOOTING FILTER

PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION

High differential pressure Bad gauge Check gauge by blowing into it. If needle does
across tubesheet not move replace gauge
Leaking gauge lines Repair leaking gauge lines
Clogged or deteriorated Clean or replace lines
gauge lines
Low header pressure Filter requires a min of 90 psi clean dry
compressed air (60 psi max for cartridge filters).
Check supply lines and drain valves for leaks.
Check diaphragm and solenoid operation.
Refer to compressor manual.
Check for moisture or ice in air lines and valves.
Static charge on filter Static electricity will interfere with the element
cleaning operation. Ground filter.
Water in air lines Water can freeze valves under cold temperatures.
Water contributes to the build up of dirt in the
solenoid and diaphragm valves. Remove water,
clean system and take measures to provide clean
dry air to filter.
Filter element blinding Inspect dust cake on filter elements. High
humidity and condensation will cause dust cakes
that are difficult to remove. Run filter without dust
load until cake is removed. For operation above
ambient temperature, preheat filter on start up to
avoid condensation. If air stream is extremely
humid , then review application with manufacturer.
Wash or replace old bags. Replace old
cartridges.
Wet compressed air Humid compressed air allows dust cake to stick to
the filter media. Provide clean dry air to filter.
System air volume too high Check air flow of system with design values. If air
flow is high review application with manufacturer.
High air volumes will contribute to excessive re-
entrainment of dust on the filter elements.
Dust particle size small Small particles (less tan 10 microns) will affect
efficiency of filter media. Analyze particle size
distribution with original design parameters. If
excessive amounts of small particles are present
then review application with manufacturer.
Bag fit on cages too tight Check bag fit on cages with the pinch test. You
should be able to pinch ½” of fabric at any
position. Tight bags will not allow the bags to pop
when cleaned. If bags are too tight replace them.
Cleaning pulse frequency Adjust cleaning pulse frequency in 5 second
too long intervals allowing several hours in between
adjustments for the unit to reach steady state.
Note: over cleaning of filter elements will reduce
life expectancy.
Cleaning pulse duration The cleaning pulse should be set in a range of 40
needs adjustment to 60 milliseconds.
Timer board malfunctions The filter should pulse at equal regular intervals.
Consult the manufacturer’s literature attached to
this manual.
Rotary valve leakage Leakage past rotary valve into filter hopper will re-
entrain dust onto the filter elements causing high
differential pressures.

17
High differential pressure High dust load Filters normally can handle extremely high dust
across tubesheet (cont.) loads. The dust must be removed from the
hopper quickly. The cleaning system must keep
up with the dust load. Increase cleaning
frequency until operation stabilizes. Note:
extremely high dust loads of fines may require
other solutions – contact Alanco engineering for
help.
Low Differential pressure Clogged or deteriorated Clean or replace lines.
drop gauge lines
Bad gauge Check gauge by blowing into it. If needle does
not move replace gauge.
Holes in filter elements Replace worn elements
Low system air volume Check duct system for plugs and closed gates.
Incorrect element installation Look for dust in clean air plenum or discharging
causing leakage from fan.
Blank-out plugs installed Look for dust in clean air plenum. Check dusty
incorrectly blank out plugs for tight fit.
Dust in exhaust air Normal for start up period Allow filter to run for 48 to 96 hours.
and new filter elements.
Holes in filter elements Replace worn elements.
Blank-out plugs installed Check all blank out plugs for tight fit.
incorrectly
Poor element life Excessive cleaning of Increase timer board pulse frequency
elements
Abrasion Poor inlet design practices such as high inlet
velocities and elbows on the inlet can cause
accelerated abrasion of filter elements. Consult
manufacturer for solutions.
Bent cages wearing bags Replace bent cages.
Corroded cages wearing Replace corroded cages.
bags.
High air volumes High air to cloth ratios will shorten filter media life.
Check original design and correct where practical.
Moisture in air stream Moisture will cause some filter materials to shrink.
Moisture will also cause acids to form in some
applications which weaken the filter media.
Check moisture level and composition of dust and
air stream. Consult the manufacturer review of
application.
Incorrect filter media High temperatures, chemical content, and dust
composition will affect filter element life. Consult
manufacturer for solution.
Hopper Plugging Cleaning malfunction See section on high differential pressure.
Removal system Check airlock for leaks into hopper.
malfunctioning
Airlock or auger too slow Confirm correct speed of discharge airlock or
auger.
The above is intended as a quick reference for common problems that may be encountered with a dust filter.
If you are experiencing any difficulties not covered above or have any questions concerning your Alanco
filter, contact your local Alanco representative or Alanco Environmental manufacturing (800) 500-9777.

18
National Controls
Corporation Dust Collector
Phone 800-323-2593
630-231-5900
Fax 630-231-1377 Controls
Features
■ R
C
R File #E65038
■ Digital Timing Circuitry:
AC Input, Pulse
Allows for stable timing
from Cleaning of Bag
-40°F to 150°F temperature
range
■ Pulse Time: Line synchro-
House Dust
nized to eliminate 8 mil-
liseconds triac tum off
Collectors
variation
■ 10 Amp-400/600V Output Models DNC-T2003
Triacs: For maximum pro-
tection against output
shorts. 200 VA load rating.
thru DNC-T2032
Operating Logic: The control can function in 2
■ RTV Coating: Conformally modes:
coated for protection
against vibration, humidi- Continuous Mode: The pressure switch termi-
ty and contamination nals are shorted. Upon application of input volt-
■ 2 Modes of Operation: age, the control activates output #1 after the pre-
Can be operated continu- set off time. It will continue to activate outputs
ously or "on demand" via sequentially until input voltage is removed.
external pressure switch On Demand Mode: The pressure switch termi-
■ Field Selectable: For num- nals are connected to an isolated set of contacts of
bers of outputs required a differential pressure switch. The control will
■ LED Indicators: For com- activate the outputs sequentially whenever the
partment being cleaned pressure switch contacts are closed. When the
indication pressure switch contacts open, the output
■ Rugged Timing sequencing stops. Re-closing of the contacts will
Adjustments: Large stable cause the control to resume activating the out-
potentiometers are used puts.
for "on" and "off" time
adjustments Program wire allows the user to select the maxi-
mum number of outputs to be activated.
■ Metal Chassis Provided:
For mounting directly into Note: Controls are shipped with jumper across pressure switch terminals
NEMA-4 box Specifications
■ Timer Life Tested for 24
Hours: To eliminate field Time Delay Output
failures On-Time: Adjustable from 50 to 500 millisec- Type: Solid-state switch (Triac)
■ Input Protection: 30 joule onds Switch Rating: 200 VA maximum per output
metal oxide varistor Off-Time: Range A - adjustable from 1.5 to 30
■ One Year Warranty: seconds; Range B - adjustable from 8.5 to 180 Protection
Warranted to be free from seconds Transient Voltage: 30 joule metal oxide varistor
defects in materials or Short Circuit Protection: 3 Amp. fuse
Note: Range S designates customer specified time
workmanship for One
range. Consult factory for parameters Environmental
Year from date of purchase
■ Made in USA Repeatability: ± 3% over temperature and volt- Operating Temperature: -40°C to 66°C
age ranges
Storage Temperature: -40°C to 70°C
Input
Operating Voltage:
120 ± 10%, 220 ±10% VAC
Frequency: 50/60 Hz
Power Consumption: 2 VA Max. Pressure Alternate action
switch TIMER #1 dual coil latching relay.
Contacts shown with
Wiring diagram to Facilitate reset coil energized last.
Expanded Output Mode L1 L2 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 5 1

To expand the number of outputs in "continuous Last N.O.

Solenoid
cleaning mode", any two timers can be connected via Input S
COM
a dual coil alternate action latch relay as shown in voltage N.C.
120V Pressure switch
the diagram to the right. 8 N.O.
11
The output pulse from the last compartment of Timer 4
COM
N.C.
No. 1 activates the latch coil opening the reset contacts Set
coil
connected to pressure switch terminals of Timer No. 1,
causing Timer No 1 to stop sequencing. At the same TIMER #2
time, the latch contacts connected to pressure switch Reset
coil
Timer No. 2 close which will cause Timer No. 2 to L1L2 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 9 12 14
start sequencing until the last output activation causes
the reset coil to unlatch the relay and Timer No. 1
Last
begins sequencing. This cycle will continue until Solenoid
voltage is removed from the system. S
3867-1
 Pressure Switch Input- NOTE: Not all components are shown. National Controls
For on demand cleaning. Component locations can vary from model
(Controls are shipped with to model. Corporation
inputs shorted out) Phone 800-323-2593
A
.050 Aluminum
Chassis
630-231-5900
.25 C Fax 630-231-1377
OFF & ON Time .25 Dia. Hole
Adjustments
(4 Pl.)

OFF ON
Program Wire-
Determines number
of outputs to be
activated

# 6 screw typ.
D
B

3 AMP

AC C 1 2
L1
.31 Voltage .625
(4250-2 10/92) Input L2
2.0 Max.
Solenoid Valve

DNC-T2003 THRU T2032

WIRING DIAGRAM

DNC-T2003 through DNC-T2032 120VAC Input Voltage

Maximum No. Dimensions Size of Programmable Off Time Part
of NEMA-4 Encls. No. of In Number
Outputs A B C D Required Outputs Seconds
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2003-A10
3 63/4” 47/8” 61/4” 41/4” 8” x 6” x 31/2” 1-3
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2003-B10
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2006-A10
6 83/4” 67/8” 81/4” 61/4” 10” x 8” x 4” 2-6
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2006-B10
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2010-A10
10 83/4” 67/8” 81/4” 61/4” 10” x 8” x 4” 3 - 10
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2010-B10
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2020-A10
20 103/4” 87/8” 101/4” 81/4” 12” x 10” x 5” 11 - 20
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2020-B10
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2032-A10
32 123/4” 107/8” 121/4” 101/4” 14” x 12” x 6” 17 - 32
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2032-B10
DNC-T2006 through DNC-T2032 220VAC Input Voltage
Maximum No. Dimensions Size of Programmable Off Time Part
of NEMA-4 Encls. No. of In Number Important Notice to Users:
Outputs A B C DD Required Outputs Seconds Our timers are capable of use in a
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2006-A220 wide array of devices and in various
6 63/4” 47/8” 61/4” 41/4” 10” x 8” x 4” 2-6
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2006-B220 applications. Any device or system
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2010-A220 incorporating a timer should be so
10 63/4” 47/8” 61/4” 41/4” 10” x 8” x 4” 3 - 10
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2010-B220 designed that, in the event of failure,
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2020-A220 malfunction or normal wear-out of
20 103/4” 87/8” 101/4” 81/4” 12” x 10” x 5” 11 - 20 the timer, the system will become
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2020-B220
1.5 - 30 DNC-T2032-A220 inoperative in a manner which will
32 123/4” 107/8” 121/4” 101/4” 14” x 12” x 6” 17 - 32 prevent property damage or bodily
8.5 - 180 DNC-T2032-B220
Injury.
Note: Special time ranges are availabale with the following maximum to minimum time ratio restrictions: ON Time - 10:1; Off Time - 20:1
Caution:
Accessories: 1. Do not mount controls in high
vibration areas without shock
Enclosure For: Dimensions Part Number mounts.
2. Do not mount controls in areas of
DNC-T2003 8” x 6” x 3 /2”
1 BOX-A0806-CHNF high dust or corrosive atmospheres
DNC-T2006 10” x 8” x 4” BOX-A1008-CHNF without a protective enclosure.
DNC-T2010 10” x 8” x 4” BOX-A1008-CHNF 3 Do not use a converter or inverter
DNC-T2020 12” x 10” x 5” BOX-A1210-CHNF for the power source.
DNC-T2032 14” x 12” x 6” BOX-A1412-CHNF 4. Do not mount control in high
transient voltage areas without an
Pilot Lamp NEMA-4 Rated Red Light ASL-00RED-NEMA4 isolation transformer
On/Off Switch NEMA-4 Rated w/Legend Plate MSW-0DPST-011 5. Do not leave control box open.
Alternate Action Dual Coil Latch Relay KDD-LATCH-120AC 6. Do not allow a local repair shop to
Socket For Latch Relay MSO-0D11P-012 repair the controls, as we employ
some very sophisticated components
National Controls Corporation offers NEMA 4 type enclosures for mounting our controls. These enclosures are made of heavy gauge steel and have a
that could be further damaged. For
continuous hinge cover. All seams are continuously welded. The finish is gray hammer-tone enamel inside and out, over phosphatized surfaces.
service, call us directly: 800-323-2593
Note. In order to keep abreast of the latest technology, National Controls Corporation reserves the right to change components and/or design of
controls without notice.
ALANCO
ALANCO
ALANCO