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rocks facies and depositional environment. Ref: Research gate, books and google.com. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Reference
Facies and Sedimentary environments
• AAPG presentations

• Sedimentary Rocks- F.J Pettijohn

• Introduction to Sedimentology- S.M Sengupta

• Lectures of Imperial college of London

• Crain's Petrophysical Handbook: https://www.spec2000.net/21-strat8.htm
• www.google.com

• Some pictures taken from Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Book by Gary Nichols

Video Link
• Depositional Environments: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lt05PRFfkCg

• https://www.software.slb.com/products/petrel/petrel-geology-and-modeling/facies-
modeling?entry=ad_google_sis_software_petrel&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI6PuA1YDI4AIVjQYqCh1ZzQdLEA
MYASAAEgK83fD_BwE&tab=Videos
Dr. Atul Kumar Patidar • https://www.software.slb.com/products/petrel?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIj9vxzZbK4AIVSnqOCh12Vgw5EAEY
Petroleum Engineering & Earth Sciences ASAAEgJU2fD_BwE
2019

Sedimentary Basins
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Sedimentary Depositional Environments

Short system

Long system

In geology depositional environments

are defined by processes and products Basins occur in a wide
range of tectonic settings
• Physical processes determine:
• Grain size, sorting, rounding  Convergent plate
• Bedding pattern boundaries:
(sedimentary structures and geometry)  Active margins
Terrigenous Clastic Basin
• Biological processes determine:  Divergent plate
• Fossil content boundaries:
 Passive margins
• Biological disruption of original stratification
 Transform plate
• Chemical processes determine: boundaries:
• Types of minerals formed at the site of deposition and during burial

Study of modern depositional environments used to infer how ancient rocks carbonate shelf platform
formed (“present is key to past”) – basin margin Carbonate Basin
3 4

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Marine Environment Zones of Ocean

Neritic Oceanic

Avg. slope
0.1 degree
200

Avg. slope
4 degree

Avg. slope
CCD
Upto 0.6 degree

Avg. slope Upto 0.05 degree

CCD
CCD- Calcite compensation depth
Chalk formation
below CCD

CCD- Calcite compensation depth

https://sciencestruck.com/understanding-ocean-ecosystem

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CCD- Calcite compensation depth S. M. Sengupta Page 159 Turbidity flow processes at continental slope S. M. Sengupta Page 155

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Classification of Environments Classification of Environments

(by Depositional Process)
Continental
environments

Transitional
environments

Marine
environments

Desert:
Glacial: Till, Moraine

• Some others environments are also identified, which includes,

1. Estuary .
Dr. Atul Kumar Patidar 2. Linear clastic shoreline (Intertidal- beach, barrier, tidal flat)
? Petroleum Engineering & Earth Sciences
2019
10

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Terrestrial - Alluvial fan

• An alluvial fan is a fan shaped deposit of sediment built up by streams

or debris flows
• These flows come from a single point source at the apex of the fan, and
over time spread out
• Fans are typically found where a canyon draining from
mountainous terrain emerges out onto a flatter plain

11 12

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Terrestrial - Glacial Terrestrial – Glacier till

When the ice melts, the mixture of unsorted sediment deposits carried by the
• Glaciers do not effectively sort the materials that they transport. glacier, known collectively as glacial till, is dropped, or deposited.
• Common type of resulting deposit is an unstratified accumulation of
boulders, gravel, sand, and fine silt for which the term "till" is usually These sediments often get formed into piles known as moraines.
applied.
Glacial till is unsorted glacial sediment. Till is derived from the erosion of rocks
13
by the moving ice of a glacier.

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Characteristics of Glacial deposits Rivers

Characteristic • Fluvial environments include braided
1 Lithology conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone and meandering river and stream
2 Minerology variable, compositionally immature systems.
3 Texture extremely poorly sorted in till to poorly sorted in fluvio-glacial • River channels, bars, levees, and
facies floodplains are parts of the fluvial
4 Bed Geometry bedding absent to indistinct in many continental deposits, environment.
glacio-marine deposits may be laminated
5 Sedimentary Structures usually none in tills, crossbedding in fluvio-glacial facies
Variation in sediment quality within the same system
6 Paleo-currents orientation of clasts can indicate ice flow direction
• Channel deposits consist of coarse,
7 Fossils normally absent in continental deposits, may be present in
glacio-marine facies rounded gravel, and sand.
8 Color variable, but deposits are not usually oxidised • Bars are made of sand or gravel.
9 Facies associations may be associated with fluvial facies or with shallow-marine
deposits • Levees are made of fine sand or silt.
• Floodplains are covered by silt and clay.

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Terrestrial – River processes – Flood plains Terrestrial – River processes – Channels

• Fluvial deposits and landforms are created by rivers and streams

• Flood plain is low-lying area or ground adjacent to a river, formed mainly • channel is a type of landform consisting of the outline of a path of
of river sediments and subject to flooding relatively shallow and narrow body of fluid, most commonly the confine
of a river
• Floodplains generally contain unconsolidated sediments,
• This is how channels look like in an outcrop

17 www.google.com 18

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Terrestrial – Braided river Terrestrial – Meandering river

• Braided channel are Multiple-thread channels, dominated by mid

channel bars, commonly gravel.
• Large width-to-depth ratios, very unstable with frequent lateral shifts.
Often totally re-arranged by large floods, no levees, non-cohesive • Single thread channel that Is highly sinuous Tobi Payenberg et al., 2003

banks • Moderate width-to-depth ratios, cohesive banks, associated with levees, and
fine-grained floodplain sediments
• The bars in this system are on the inside of curves and are called point bars
19

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Terrestrial - Lake Terrestrial - Desert

Fine sediment and organic matter settling in some lakes produced laminated oil shales.

• Aeolian processes pertain to wind activity

• These deposits get exposed by elevation of old lakebeds. • Winds may erode, transport, and deposit sediments and are effective
agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of soil moisture and a large
• Lacustrine deposits are very well sorted, devoid of coarse particles such as coarse
sand or gravels, and are characterized by thin layers that reflect annual supply of unconsolidated sediments
deposition of sediments.
• Lacustrine environments (or lakes) are diverse; they may be large or small, • Aeolian processes are important in arid regions like deserts.
shallow or deep, and filled with terrigenous, carbonate, or evaporitic sediments. • Windblown sand forms dunes that are characterized by well-sorted grains
showing large-scale crossbedding. 22

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Characteristics of Aeolean deposits

Characteristic EX: Miliolite rocks of Kachchh Basin
1 Lithology sand and silt size particles
2 Minerology mainly quartz, with rare examples of carbonate or other
grains
3 Texture well- to very well-sorted silt to medium sand
4 Bed Geometry sheets or lenses of sand
5 Sedimentary Structures large-scale dune crossbedding and parallel stratification
in sands
6 Paleo-currents dune orientations reconstructed from cross-bedding
indicate wind direction
7 Fossils rare in desert dune deposits, occasional vertebrate
bones
8 Color yellow to red due to iron hydroxides and oxides
9 Facies associations occur with alluvial fans, ephemeral river and lake facies
in deserts, also with beach deposits or glacial outwash
facies

http://www.uoregon.edu/~millerm/sanddunes.html 24

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Classification of Environments Transitional - Delta

(by Depositional Process) When a river reaches a lake or the sea the water
slows down and loses the power to carry sediment.

The sediment is dropped at the mouth of the river.

Some rivers drop so much sediment that waves and
tides can't carry it all away. It builds up in layers
forming a delta.

Desert:
Glacial: Till, Moraine

• Some others environments are also identified, which includes,

1. Estuary .
2. Linear clastic shoreline (Intertidal- beach, barrier, tidal flat)
Not to scale

25

Types of Delta
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Log signature depositional environment

Prograding delta – coarsening-upward cycle

• Deltas are large accumulations

of sediment that are deposited
where a river empties into a
standing body of water.

• The deltaic deposit consists of a

thick accumulation of sand, silt,
and mud.

• This is one of the most significant environments of sedimentation and

include a number of sub-environments such as stream channels, flood
plain beaches, bars, and tidal flats.
• Because of the abundance of vegetation in geologically young deltaic
environments, coals of various ranks commonly are associated with The right pic is the Nile Delta
these clastic sediments. (the original delta)

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Characteristics of Delta deposits Transitional - Beach

Characteristic
1 Lithology conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone
2 Minerology variable, delta-front facies may be compositionally mature
3 Texture moderately mature in delta-top sands and gravels, mature
in wave-reworked delta-front deposits
4 Bed Geometry lens-shaped delta channels, mouthbar lenses variably
elongate, prodelta deposits thin bedded
5 Sedimentary Structures cross-bedding and lamination in delta-top and mouth-bar
facies
6 Paleo-currents topset facies indicate direction of progradation, wave and
tidal reworking variable on delta front
7 Fossils association of terrestrial plants and animals of the delta top
with marine fauna of the delta front
8 Color not diagnostic, delta-top deposits may be oxidised • A beach is a complex set of environments from the front ( fore-shore) to back
9 Facies associations typically occur overlying shallow marine facies and overlain (lagoon)
by fluvial facies in an overall progradational pattern • Beach processes: wave activity and wind
30 • Wave-generated ripples are symmetrical in shape 31

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Transitional - Lagoon Characteristics of

Lagoons are bodies of water on the Lagoon deposits
landward side of barrier islands.

They are protected from the pounding

of the ocean waves by the barrier
Characteristic
islands, and contain finer sediment than
the beaches (usually silt and mud). 1 Lithology mainly mud with some sand
2 Minerology variable
3 Texture fine-grained, moderately to poorly sorted
4 Bed Geometry thinly bedded mud with thin sheets and lenses of sand
5 Sedimentary Structures may be laminated and wave rippled
• Beaches are often separated 6 Paleo-currents rare, not diagnostic
from land by a lagoon or bay 7 Fossils often monospecific assemblages of hypersaline or brackish
behind them. tolerant organisms
• This is a very low energy 8 Color may be dark due to anaerobic conditions
setting 9 Facies associations May associate with coastal plain or beach barrier deposits
The backshore dune field
32 33

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Transitional – Tidal Flat Characteristics of

• Tidal flats border lagoons. They are periodically Tidal channel deposits
flooded and drained by tides (usually twice
each day).
Characteristic
• Tidal flats are areas of low relief, cut by
1 Lithology mud, sand and less commonly conglomerate
meandering tidal channels.
2 Minerology variable
• The intertidal zone: tidal currents produce
ripples 3 Texture may be well sorted in high energy settings
4 Bed Geometry lenses with erosional bases
• Mudcracks form from exposure during low tide 5 Sedimentary Structures cross-bedding and cross lamination and inclined hetero
• Fluctuating tidal currents deposit alternating lithic stratification
layers of sand and mud 6 Paleo-currents bimodal in tidal estuaries
• Intense burrowing is common. Stromatolites 7 Fossils shallow marine
may be present if conditions are appropriate. 8 Color not diagnostic
9 Facies associations may be overlain by fluvial, shallow marine, continental or
delta facies

35
Tobi Payenberg et al., 2003

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Characteristics of Marine - Basin

Tidal Mud Flat deposits • The ocean floor is the site of accumulation of
fine-grained sediment; both clay and
carbonate mud
Characteristic • Ocean floor sediments are relatively rare in
1 Lithology mud and sand
the stratigraphic record because ocean floor
is destroyed in subduction zones.
2 Minerology clay and shelly sand
• We DO find a record of deep- water
3 Texture fine-grained, not diagnostic environments that form in basins: Turbidites
4 Bed Geometry tabular muds with thin sheets and lenses of sand
5 Sedimentary Structures ripple cross- lamination and flaser / lenticular bedding
A turbidity current is like an underwater avalanche: Sand
6 Paleo-currents bimodal in tidal estuaries suspended in water cascades down a slope and comes to rest in
7 Fossils Rare
deep water muds. The Turbidite is the resulting deposit.
8 Color Mixed
9 Facies associations

36 37

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Marine sedimentary environment Submarine fan

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Example: Bouma sequence Bouma sequence S. M. Sengupta Page 157

The Bouma Sequence (after Arnold H. Bouma, 1932–2011) describes a classic set of sedimentary
structures in turbidite beds deposited by turbidity currents at the bottoms of lakes, oceans and rivers.

40
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouma_sequence

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Characteristics of Shallow marine clastic deposits Characteristics of

Beach Barrier deposits
Characteristic
1 Lithology mainly sand and mud, with some gravel
2 Minerology mature quartz sands, shelly sands
3 Texture generally moderately to well sorted Characteristic
4 Bed Geometry sheets of variable thickness, large lenses formed by ridges 1 Lithology sand and conglomerate
and bars 2 Minerology mature quartz sands and shelly sands
5 Sedimentary Structures cross-bedding, cross- and horizontal lamination, 3 Texture well sorted, well rounded clasts
hummocky and swaley cross stratification
4 Bed Geometry elongate lenses
6 Paleo-currents flow directions very variable, reflecting tidal currents,
5 Sedimentary Structures low-angle stratification and wave reworking
longshore drift, etc
6 Paleo-currents mainly wave-formed structures
7 Fossils often diverse and abundant, benthic forms are
characteristic 7 Fossils robust shelly debris
8 Color often pale yellow-brown sands or grey sands and muds 8 Color not diagnostic
9 Facies associations may be overlain or underlain by coastal, deltaic, estuarine 9 Facies associations may be associated with coastal plain, lagoonal or shallow-
or deeper marine facies marine facies

42 43

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Characteristics of Lacustrine deposits

Characteristic
1 Lithology sandstone, mudstone, fine-grained limestones and
evaporites
2 Minerology variable
3 Texture sands moderately well sorted
4 Bed Geometry often very thin-bedded
5 Sedimentary Structures wave ripples and very fine parallel lamination
6 Paleo-currents few with palaeo environmental significance
7 Fossils algal and microbial plus uncommon shells
8 Color variable, but may be dark grey in deep lake deposits
9 Facies associations commonly occur with fluvial deposits, evaporites and
associated with aeolian facies

44 45

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Carbonate environments Organic Reef

An organic reef is a structure
• If there is warm marine water and little built of the shells and
input of clastic material, then secretions of marine organisms.
Limestone can form
• The framework of geologically young reefs typically is built by corals and
• A reef represents the optimal algae, but the reef community includes many types of organisms.
condition for maximum organic • A highly fossiliferous limestone commonly is the result of these
diversity and numbers organisms in the rock record.
• Reworking of reef-derived sediments by wave and biological activities
• Fossil reef exposures are common in commonly results in a complex group of sedimentary facies that may be
the geologic record. They can be easily referred to as the reef tract.
recognized
• Reefs are wave-resistant, mound-like structures made of the calcareous
skeletons of organisms such as corals and certain types of algae.

46

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Characteristics of Shallow marine carbonate deposits Depositional Environment

Areas of the Earth’s surface where sediments accumulate distinct processes
Characteristic
generate specific geological (sedimentary) products
1 Lithology limestone
2 Minerology calcite and aragonite
3 Texture variable, biogenic structures in reefs, well sorted in shallow
water
4 Bed Geometry massive reef build-ups on rimmed shelves and extensive
sheet units on ramps
5 Sedimentary Structures cross-bedding in oolite shoals
6 Paleo-currents not usually diagnostic, with tide, wave and storm driven
currents
7 Fossils usually abundant, shallow marine fauna most common
8 Color usually pale white, cream or grey
9 Facies associations may occur with evaporites, associations with terrigenous
clastic material may occur

48 49

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Depositional environment Facies are the products of depositional environments

• Sedimentological analysis allow us to determine the environment in

which a sequence of sediments or rocks accumulated Sedimentary Facies
• Texture
“The nature of the material deposited anywhere will be determined by the
• Composition/ Classification
physical, chemical or biological processes which have occurred during the
• Petrographic analyses (e.g., evaluate diagenesis)
formation, transport and deposition of sediment. Those processes also
• Identify sedimentary structures
define the environment of deposition” Gary Nichols, 2001.
• Core/ log data if available
• Compare results to modern environments All the properties of a body of rock that allow us to differentiate it from
those above, below or laterally adjacent to it,
• Also simulate conditions in laboratory experiments
Properties include
Lithology – rock type, including color, etc.
Composition – mineral content
Texture – grain size, sorting, roundness
Sedimentary structures
Fossils

50

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The concept of Sedimentary Facies The concept of Sedimentary Facies

• Definition (after Boggs, 2001)- Facies: The sum of the characteristics of a
sedimentary unit resulting from some particular set of physical, chemical and • If the facies description is confined to the physical and chemical
biological parameters that work to produce a unit with specific textural, characteristics of a rock this is referred to as the lithofacies
structural, and compositional properties.
• The term ‘facies’ is widely used in geology, particularly in the study of
• In cases where the observations concentrate on the fauna and flora
sedimentology in which sedimentary facies refers to the sum of the
present, this is termed as biofacies.
characteristics of a sedimentary unit.

• Every depositional environment puts its own distinctive imprint on the • A study that focuses on the trace fossils in the rock would be a
sediment, making a particular facies. Thus, a facies is a distinct kind of rock for description of the ichnofacies
that area or environment

• These characteristics include the dimensions, sedimentary structures, grain

sizes and types, colour and biogenic content of the sedimentary rock.

• An example would be ‘cross-bedded medium sandstone’: this would be a rock

consisting mainly of sand grains of medium grade, exhibiting cross-bedding as
the primary sedimentary structure. 52

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Facies -types Litho-facies and Litho-facies analysis

Lithofacies Biofacies Electrofacies • Litho-stratigraphic Units (time
(Based on Lithology) Based on biol independent)
(Based on electrical log
Characteristics of a rock assemblage) responses) • Defined by sum total of (relevant) rock
properties
which are the products of Observations are based
Physical and chemical on fauna and flora Specially Electrical Imaging • Reflects processes during genesis and
processes. Examples present may include
coarsening upward, • Lithology
fining upward • Sedimentary Structures
Ichnofacies • Fossils
(Based on trace • Bedding style and geometry (on
fossils record) various scales)
• Paleo-sediment transport
Trace fossils in the rock indicators
would be a description of
the ichnofacies 55

hummocky cross stratified, fine- to medium-

54 grained, sandstone

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Facies Analysis, Associations,

Facies Patterns
Sequences, and Models
• Groups of facies commonly show patterns
Facies Models are a general summary of a given depositional environment or depositional system
• Proximal Facies (near the source) tend to be coarse grained
Facies Models • Distal Facies (far from source) tend to be finer grained
Based on idea that a “particular set of • This pattern is displayed upstream and down in rivers and onshore to
environmental conditions operating at a offshore in coastal areas
particular intensity will produce a
sedimentary deposit with a unique set of • Facies are arranged according to distribution of depositional
properties that will identify if as the environments
product of a particular environment” Facies Migration
Boggs, 2001 • Facies migrate through space and time
• An idealized description of a facies • Migration is in response to environmental factors
• Constructed from modern environments and • Sediment supply
ancient rocks
• Sea level change
• Serves as a
• Subsidence
• Norm for comparison
• Framework for observation • Facies become stacked during migration
• Predictor of patterns
56 • A single facies is likely to be different ages in different locations 57

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Common sequences and their interpretations

Process workflow

Vertical successions
1. Assign all beds in a succession principally identified by
to facies lithology, associations and
vertical arrangement of
2. Look at patterns of
sedimentary structures
distribution of facies
3. Develop facies association
and interpret in terms of Indicative of particular
depositional environment sedimentary depositional
environments

58 59

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Walther’s Law Walther’s Law of the Facies Correlation

• Only works where there are no unconformities
“It is a basic statement of far-reaching • Only facies that were laterally adjacent during deposition (result of laterally
significance that only those facies and adjacent environments) can be stacked vertically
facies-areas can be superimposed
primarily which can be observed beside
each other at the present time.” • Vertical arrangement of facies gives us information on
• Distribution of environments
• How environments migrated through space and time
• Used as a basis to build facies maps

• Accurate time correlation of facies is essential

Low E • Time lines provide framework for correlation
• Bio-events
Drill hole
• Volcanic ashes
• Other thin, unique lithologies or marker beds
High E
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Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019 Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Principal sedimentary environment Review of Composite Table Shallow Marine Shallow Marine
Glacial Aeolean Lacustrine Delta Beach Barrier Lagoon Tidal Tidal Mud
clastic Carbonate

Conglomerate, Sandstone, Mudstone, Mud,sand and less

Conglomerate, Sandstone, Sand and Mainly mud and some Mainly sand and mud
Lithology Sandstone and Sand and silt only fine grained limestone commonly Mud and sand Limestone
Mudstone conglomerate sand with gravel
mudstone and evaporites conglomerate

Variable, Mainly quartz with rare Variable,delta-front facies

Mature quartz, sand Clay and shelly Mature quartz, sand,
Minerology compositionally example of carbonate or variable may be compositionally Variable Variable Calcite, Aragonite
and shelly sands sand shelly sand
immature other grains mature

Moderately mature in
Extremely poorly
delta-top sands and Fine-grained, May be well Variable, biogenic
sorted in till to poorly Well-to very well-sorted, Sands moderately well Well sorted ,well Fine-grained , Generally moderately
Texture gravel,mature in wave – moderately to poorly sorted in high reefs, well sorted in
sorted in fluvio-glacial silt to medium sand sorted rounded clasts not diagnostic to well sorted
reworked delta-front sorted energy settings shallow water
facies
deposits

Bedding absent to Lens-shaped delta

Tabular muds Sheets of variable Massive reef build-
indistinct in many channels, mouth-bar Thinly bedded mud
Lenses with with thin sheets thickness , large lenses ups on rimmed
Bed Geometry continental deposits, Sheets or lenses of sand Often very thin-bedded lenses variably elongate, Elongate lenses with thin sheets and
erosional bases and lenses of formed by ridges and shelves and extensive
glacio-marine deposits prodelta deposits thin lenses of sand
sand bars sheet units on ramps
may be laminated bedded

Cross-bedding and Cross-bedding , cross-

Ripple cross-
Usually none in tills, Large –scale dune Cross-bedding and Low-angle cross laminated and horizontal
Sedimentary cross- bedding in crossbedding and parallel
Wave ripples and very
laminated delta-top and stratification and
May be laminated and
and inclined
lamination and
lamination, hummocky
Cross- bedding in
structures fine parallel lamination wave rippled flaser/lenticu- oolite shoals
fluivo-glacial facies stratification in sands mouth-bar facies wave reworking heterolithic and swaley cross-
lar bedding
stratification stratification

Dune orientation Topset facies indicate Flow direction very Not usually
Orientation of clasts Few with paleo
reconstructed from cross- direction of progradation , Mainly wave – Bimodal in tidal Bimodal in variable ,reflecting tidal diagnostic, with Tide
Paleo-currents can indicate ice flow environment Rare, not diagnostic
bedding indicate wind wave and tidal reworking formed structures estuaries toidal estuaries currents, longshore waves and storm
direction significance
direction variable on delta front drift driven currents

Often monospecific
Normally absent in Association of terrestrial
Rare in desert dune assemblages by Often diverse and Usually abundant ,
continental deposits, Algae and microbial plus plants and animals of the
Fossil deposits, occasional Robust shelly debris hypersaline or Shallow marine abundant , bethic forms shallow marine and
may be present in uncommon shells delta top with marine
vertebrate bones brackish tolerant are characteristic fauna most common
glacio- marine facies fauna of the delta front
organism
Variable, but deposits Variable, but may be Often pale yellow-
Yellow to red due to iron Not diagnostic ,delta-top May be dark due to Usually pale white,
Color are not usually
hydroxides and oxides
dark grey in deep lake
deposits may be oxidised
Not diagnostic
anaerobic conditions
Not diagnostic brown sands or grey
cream or grey
oxidised deposits sands and muds

Occur with alluvial fans, Commonly occur with Typically occur overlying May be associated May be overlain may occur with
May be associated May be overlain or
ephemeral river and lake fluvial deposits, shallow marine facies and with coastal with May associate with by fluvial, shallow evaporites,
Facies with fluvial facies or
facies in deserts, also with evaporites and overlain by fluvial facies in coastal plain, coastal plain or beach marine
underlain by coastal,
associations with
associations with shallow-marine deltaic , estuarine or
beach deposits of glacial associated with aeolian an overall progradational lagoonal or shallow barrier deposits ,continental or terridenous clastic
deposits deeper marine facies
outwash facies facies pattern marine facies delta facies material may occur

Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019 Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Facies Analysis

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Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019 Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019 Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019 Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared for academic understanding of the students about Sedimentary rocks facies and depositional environment. DR ATUL KUMAR PATIDAR, 2019

Thank you

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