AVTMMTO210

Rev 6
May 2011

Instruction Manual
for
Transformer Ohmmeter
DC Winding Resistance Test Set

MTO210

Catalog Number MTO210

HIGH-VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT

Read this entire manual before operating.

M
Valley Forge Corporate Center
2621 Van Buren Avenue
Norristown, PA 19403-2329
U.S.A.

610-676-8500

www.megger.com
 Transformer Ohmmeter
DC Winding Resistance Test Set

MTO210
Copyright© 2011 by Megger. All rights reserved.

The information presented in this manual is believed to be adequate for the intended use of
the product. If the product or its individual instruments are used for purposes other than
those specified herein, confirmation of their validity and suitability must be obtained from
Megger. Refer to the warranty information below. Specifications are subject to change
without notice.

WARRANTY

Products supplied by Megger are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for
a period of one year following shipment. Our liability is specifically limited to replacing or
repairing, at our option, defective equipment. Equipment returned to the factory for repair
must be shipped prepaid and insured. Contact your MEGGER representative for instructions
and a return authorization (RA) number. Please indicate all pertinent information, including
problem symptoms. Also specify the serial number and the catalog number of the unit. This
warranty does not include batteries, lamps or other expendable items, where the original
manufacturer’s warranty shall apply. We make no other warranty. The warranty is void in the
event of abuse (failure to follow recommended operating procedures) or failure by the
customer to perform specific maintenance as indicated in this manual.

Valley Forge Corporate Center

2621 Van Buren Ave
Norristown, PA 19403-2329

610-676-8500 (Telephone)
610-676-8610 (Fax)

www.megger.com
 Table of Contents


1 Getting to know the MTO210 ................................................................................................... 1

Product Overview....................................................................................................................... 1

Top Panel Controls..................................................................................................................... 3

2 Safety .......................................................................................................................................... 7

Safety is the responsibility of the user ...................................................................................... 7

General Safety Precautions ........................................................................................................ 8

Input Power Precautions............................................................................................................ 9

3 Preparing for a Test ................................................................................................................. 11

Site Preparation......................................................................................................................... 11

Making Circuit Connections..................................................................................................... 11

4 Operating the MTO210............................................................................................................ 15

Description of Test Sequence .................................................................................................. 15

5 Transformer Testing................................................................................................................. 25

Winding Resistance Testing ..................................................................................................... 25

Testing a Single-Phase Transformer ........................................................................................ 26

Testing Delta Configured Windings ........................................................................................ 33

Testing Transformers with Tap Changers ............................................................................... 35

Testing Voltage Regulators....................................................................................................... 36

Demagnetizing a Transformer ................................................................................................. 39

6 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite ................................................................................................. 41

Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 41

Software Installation ................................................................................................................. 42

Using PowerDB Lite ................................................................................................................. 45

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s) ...................................................................................... 52

7 Service ...................................................................................................................................... 53

Maintenance.............................................................................................................................. 53

Fuse Replacement..................................................................................................................... 53

Calibration................................................................................................................................. 54

Repairs....................................................................................................................................... 55

ERROR CODES ......................................................................................................................... 56

8 Parts List and Optional Accessories ........................................................................................ 63

9 Specifications............................................................................................................................ 65

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 List of Figures

MTO210 Transformer Ohmmeter Test Set ............................................................................... iii

Figure 1: MTO210 Front Panel ..................................................................................................3
Figure 2: Single Winding Measurement..................................................................................26
Figure 3: Dual-Winding Test ...................................................................................................28
Figure 4: Reading obtained is per phase, Resistance of A-N Winding .................................31
Figure 5: Reading obtained is between pairs of terminals, Resistance of A and B Windings
32
Figure 6: Reading is between pairs of terminals. Resistance of A in parallel with B+C
windings.............................................................................................................................32
Figure 7: Odd Position Tap......................................................................................................36
Figure 8: Even Position Tap ....................................................................................................36
Figure 9: Connection to a Regulator .......................................................................................37

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 Upon Receipt of Product
Prior to operation, check for loosened hardware or damage incurred
during transit. If these conditions are found, a safety hazard is likely,
DO NOT attempt to operate equipment. Please contact Megger as soon
as possible.

MTO210 Transformer Ohmmeter Test Set

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 1
Getting to know the MTO210
Product Overview
The Megger Transformer Ohmmeter is a line-operated, field-portable
instrument designed specifically to measure the DC resistance of all
types of magnetic windings safely and accurately.

Its predominant use is the measurement of the DC resistance of all types

of transformer windings within the defined ranges of current and
resistance. It can also test rotating machine windings and perform low-
current resistance measurements on connections, contacts and control
circuits.

Four features are combined to make this instrument unique: dual

measurement and current injection, on-load tap-changer testing,
automatic discharge and demagnetization..

The dual set of potential inputs, simultaneously measure the resistance

of the primary and secondary windings of a single- or three-phase
transformer. The dual reading characteristic will speed up the
measurement when current leads are driving more than one winding.

The Transformer Ohmmeter is extremely useful when testing the

windings and contact resistance on tap-changers with make-before-
break contacts and voltage regulators. A warning light will flash and the
internal shutdown circuit will be triggered if the tap-changer contacts
have a break before make event. This action checks for pitted or
misaligned contacts and indicates such events.

Likewise users are protected by the shutdown circuit safety feature: any
inadvertent disconnection of a test lead or loss of power to the
instrument will safely and quickly discharge the energy stored within
the test sample.

The MTO210 has an added post test feature. At the end of a transformer
test, the instrument has a demagnetization function. This function will
cycle thru the transformer with alternating DC current. At the end of 8
cycles, the transformer core is demagnetized.

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The Transformer Ohmmeter's wide resistance range (1 micro-ohm to

1999 ohms) gives a high degree of resolution for even the lowest
winding resistance tested.

Features include:

Direct digital reading saves time, no manual balancing is required.

Built-in discharge circuit safely discharges the specimen when test

is completed, if lead accidentally disconnects, or if power is lost.

Test indicator light gives a visual indication of either a charged or

discharged specimen, even if power to the instrument is lost.

Two independent measuring channels allow simultaneous testing of

primary and secondary windings or measurement of two phases at a
time.

The sensitive tap-changer test circuitry monitors the contact

operation of on-load tap-changers for their correct make-before-
break sequence. If an open circuit condition exists, the instrument
shuts down immediately.

Electronically generated and patented regulated current supply

overcomes high-inductance transformers quickly, allowing fast
measurements to be taken. Display of measurement occurs only
after test current stabilizes.

Wide resistance range is suitable for testing a wide variety of

transformers.

Current ramp-up mode continuously tests input compliance voltage

and sets the maximum current based on the specific test load.

Lightweight and portable, the MTO is ideal for use in workshop or

substation environments.

Over temperature protection provides automatic current shutdown

and indication to prevent instrument damage.

Meets the requirements of both the European EMC and Low Voltage
Directives.

It is recommended that the user becomes familiar with the MTO before
making any connection to a transformer.

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 Getting to Know the MTO210

Top Panel Controls

Figure 1: MTO210 Front Panel

Input AC Power Module:

This module is an IEC320 interface to the mains power. The module has an
integrated switch, fuse holder and input filter module. Above the module are the
voltage, frequency and power requirements for the product. Below the module are
the fuse type and ratings based on the input voltage used. The green light on the
right side of the module illuminates when power is ON.
0, OFF position
- , ON position

Output Current Terminals

These connections are used to connect to the transformer winding(s) and pass the
DC power into the transformer winding for testing and demagnetization. The
connection is capable of supplying up to 50 volts DC and up to 10 amps current.

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Input Voltage V1
These connections are used to connect a transformer winding for input voltage
measurement. The instrument will automatically calculate the resistance of this
input in combination with the current source. The connectors are also used as a
path for current to flow during discharges. Voltage leads shall always be used in
conjunction with current leads.

Input Voltage V2
These connections are used to connect a second transformer winding for input
voltage measurement. The instrument will automatically calculate the
resistance of this input in combination with the current source. The connectors
are also used as a path for current to flow during discharges. Voltage leads
shall always be used in conjunction with current leads.

Earth/Ground Lug
This connection is used to connect a transformer under test to earth ground for
safety. The transformer and the MTO shall be at the power ground/earth
potential when being operated.

Emergency Shut Down Switch

This switch, when pushed will disable the source power supply and
automatically discharge the transformer. The instrument is continuously
monitoring this switch in the event of an emergency. If the switch is engaged,
no testing can commence.

Current Set Switch

This switch is used to control the amount of current the instrument will use to
test a transformer.
Symbol represents the maximum output level of test current.

Warning Beacon Connector

When the Warning Beacon is attached to the connector, the user will have a
more visible indication of the activation mode of the MTO.

Break Before Make INDICATOR

During testing, the unit will indicate disruptions in the current loop. During
testing of On Load tap changers, this indication will signify that a faulty break
before make condition has occurred.

USB Interface
Not accessible at this time

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 Getting to Know the MTO210

Maintenance Port
This port is provided for software upgrades and diagnostics, the interface
panel can be removed and an Ethernet connection is available to attach the
instrument externally to a PC. Port is NOT network compatible. This product is
not intended for network use.

RS232 Connection
This connection is used for printing to a thermal 4” printer and/or transferring
data from MTO to a user PC.

Remote Control Switch

This connector is used to interface with a remote switch. This switch is
primarily used when the system is used for testing On Load Taps of a
transformer
The Remote Control Switch can remotely start the MTO test and store multiple
resistances reading for tap changes. The storage function in remote mode is
sequential and occurs during a continuous resistance test. The unit will also
store break before make events in local storage.

Interlock Connections
These connections are used in the event that testing requires lockout
mechanisms from the transformer. If the Interlock connection is open, the unit
will not be capable of going into Test Mode. If the interlock is broken during
test, the unit will automatically shutdown and discharge an energized
transformer. Further testing will be prohibited.

MTO will Print and Save Data

Data Output Mode Switch

MTO will Save Data

MTO will Print Data

MTO will just Display Data

Function Mode Switch MTO is in Test Mode

MTO is in Storage Review Mode

MTO is in Set Date and Time Mode

MTO is in select Date Format Mode

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IDLE STATE - When pushed the unit will start a test

on a transformer. This will only occur if the
instrument is in Test Mode (see Function Mode
Switch above).
The TEST INDICATOR above the button will
illuminate during the test.
TEST STATE – When pushed the unit will stop a
test on a transformer, maintain the results on the
screen. It will save and/or print the results
dependent on the Data Output Mode Switch.

When pushed will stop testing and discharge the

transformer. The DISCHARGE INDICATOR to the
left will illuminate during the discharge cycle.

When pushed will perform a transformer

demagnetization. The DEMAG INDICATOR to the
right will illuminate during the demagnetization
cycle.

When pushed, the unit will acknowledge data entry,

displayed messages and during test mode, save
data presented on the display.

Symbol highlights that the button will PRINT the

test results out the RS232 port when pushed and in
Storage Review Mode.

In ready mode, button will change the sensitivity

of the current transition detection sensitivity. Off is
default.

Symbol highlights that the button will give the

user the ability to DELETE the last recorded test in
memory. If pressed a second time, the unit will give
the user the ability to delete all tests in memory. If
pressed a third time the unit will no longer be in the
delete function.

In ready mode, button turn toggle ON/OFF the

OHM2 display.

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 2
Safety
Safety is the responsibility of the user
Only qualified and trained operators should operate the MTO system.
Operator must read and understand this entire Instruction Manual prior
to operating the equipment. Operator must follow the instructions of
this Instruction Manual and attend the equipment while the equipment
is in use. In the event of equipment malfunction, the unit should
immediately be de-energized and returned to Megger for repair.

“The Safety precautions herein are not intended to replace your

Company’s Safety Procedures. Refer to e.g. IEEE 62-1995/IEEE C57.152
and IEEE 510 - 1983, IEEE Recommended Practices for Safety in High-
Voltage and High-Power Testing, for additional information.”

WARNING

F
When applying current to a transformer with very high
inductance, additional care should be taken not to remove current
or voltage leads while current is still flowing. This causes an
extremely high voltage to develop across the point where current
is broken. Under certain conditions, this voltage could prove to
be lethal.

The Megger Transformer Ohmmeter has built-in safety protection thru

the VOLTAGE POTENTIAL LEADS. Voltage leads shall always be
connected in parallel with the current leads.

Example: If a current lead is disconnected while current is flowing through

the transformer, the current will flow through the alternate path
of the potential lead without damage to instrument or electrical
shock to operator.

F
WARNING
It is very important not to connect any leads on top of or too close
to one another. Take the necessary precautions to assure one
lead falling off will not take a second lead with it.

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General Safety Precautions

The MTO and the Unit Under Test (UUT) should both be considered as
sources of instantaneously lethal levels of electrical energy. Observe the
following safety precautions:

Observe all safety warnings on the equipment. They identify areas of

immediate hazard that could result in injury or death.

Use this equipment only for the purposes described in this manual.
Observe strictly the Warning and Caution information provided in
this manual.

Treat all terminals of high-voltage power equipment systems as

potential electric shock hazards. Use all practical safety precautions
to prevent contact with energized parts of the equipment and related
circuits.

Use suitable barriers, barricades and/or warnings to keep persons

not directly involved with the work away from test activities.

Never connect the test equipment to energized equipment.

Do not use in an explosive atmosphere.

Use the grounding and connection procedures recommended in this

manual. Always disconnect test leads from power equipment before
attempting to disconnect them at the test set. The ground connection
MUST be the first made and removed last. Any interruption of the
grounding connection can create an electrical shock hazard.

Personnel higher than 5 feet should follow proper tie off safety
requirements.

Personnel should use proper safety gear to prevent bodily harm.

Personnel using heart pacemakers should obtain expert advice on

the possible risks before operating this equipment or being close to
the equipment during operation.

Fuse selection is dependent on input voltage. 230VAC uses 3.15 amp

fuses and 120VAC uses 6.3 amp fuses.

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 Safety

Input Power Precautions

This instrument operates from a single-phase, sine wave, power source.
It has a three-wire power cord and requires a two-pole, three-terminal
(live, neutral, and ground) type input source. The voltage to ground
from the live pole of the power source must be within the following
rated operating voltage:

For Cat. No MTO210: 120/230 V ±10%, single-phase sine, 50/60 ±2 Hz

The neutral pole must be at ground potential. Before making connection

to the power source, determine that the instrument rating matches the
voltage of the power source. The power input plug must be inserted
only into a mating receptacle with a ground contact.

F
WARNING
Do not bypass the grounding connection. Any interruption of the
grounding connection can create an electric shock hazard.
Determine that the receptacle is properly wired before inserting
the plug.

The control circuits of the instrument are protected by two mains circuit
fuses. These fuses are located in the ON/OFF switch module and are
replaceable by the operator. To avoid electric shock and fire hazard, use
only the fuse specified in Section 8 Parts List and Optional Accessories,
that is identical in respect to type, voltage rating, and current rating. A
detailed procedure for Fuse Replacement is defined in Section 7 -
Service.

F WARNING
Before replacing the fuses, disconnect the power
input plug from the live power source.

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 3
Preparing for a Test
Site Preparation
Choose a location that meets the following conditions:

The location is as dry as possible.

There is no flammable material stored in the vicinity.

The test area is adequately ventilated.

Be sure all equipment is de-energized and all terminals of the Unit

Under Test (UUT) are accessible. Erect suitable safety barriers to
protect the operator from traffic hazards and to prevent intrusion by
unauthorized personnel. User provided Warning lights are
recommended.

Verify that the Local station ground is intact and has impedance
continuity to earth.
Making Circuit Connections
Connections should be made in the order as listed below.

1. Ground. Use the Megger supplied Safety Ground Cable (15 ft

(4.6 m)) to connect the MTO Wing Nut Ground Terminal directly
to Local Station Earth Ground. Ensure that the Transformer
chassis also has a low impedance connection to Local Station
Earth ground potential.

2. Input Power Source Ground. Input Power Source Ground

Terminal should be less than 100 milliohms of impedance to
Local Station Earth Ground.

3. Connect the Input Power Cord. Before making this

connection, insure the Input Power Source meets the
requirements as listed in Section 2 Safety and Section 9
Specifications. Also make sure that the ON/OFF switch (Figure 1)
is in the OFF position. Connect the input power cable to the

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MTO first, then to the power source. At this time, leave the
ON/OFF switch in the OFF position.

4. Connect the Serial Cable (optional). If the user chooses to use

an external printer or PC, using PowerDB Lite PC software, then
connect the serial cable between the MTO and the printer or PC
at this time.

5. Connect the Remote Control cable (optional). If the user

chooses to operate the Test Button of the MTO from a

remote distance then, connect the RCC cable at this time.

6. Connect Warning Beacon (optional). If the user chooses to

operate the Warning Beacon then, connect the WBC cable at this
time and place the beacon in a conspicuous location.

7. Connect Interlock Switch. The MTO has an external interlock

switch feature. Connect the external Interlock Switch via banana
jack connection to the interlock input jacks on the front panel.
The interlock switch function is a fail open, therefore if not used,
an interlock jumper shall be placed in the jacks. If the circuit is
open “IntLoc” will be displayed at the middle LCD.

8. Connect the I and V leads (to the MTO end only at this
time). With the clamps disconnected from the UUT, connect the
I and V cables to the MTO at this time. Be sure that all plugs are
fastened securely to the MTO so they will not become loose even
in the event of the operator inadvertently tripping over the
current leads.

MTO210 is programmed to read two voltage inputs at all times. If

a voltage input is not used, the high impedance input
characteristics of the input cause the unit to give readings that are
not zero. If a jumper is installed, the reading will be very low.

9. Connecting to the Transformer. When testing high-voltage

transformers, caution must be used at all times and all safety
precautions followed. Read, understand, and employ all safety
precautions and circuit connections described in Sections 2 Safety
and Section 3 Preparing for Test.
WARNING

F
Ensure that the transformer to be tested is completely
de-energized. Check every winding. Ensure that all
terminals of the transformer are disconnected from line
or load at the transformer. Connections to ground may
be left in place.

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 Safety

F
WARNING
For all testing as described herein, care shall be taken
to ensure any and all unused clamps shall be isolated
from each other, from ground, and from personnel.

At this time, make the connections to the Transformer Under Test

(TUT), as described in the applicable section of Section 5, Connecting to
the Transformer Under Test.

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 4
Operating the MTO210
When testing high-voltage transformers, caution must be used at all
times and all safety precautions followed. Read, understand, and employ
all safety precautions and circuit connections described in Section 2
Safety and Section 3 Preparing for Test.
WARNING

F
Ensure that the transformer to be tested is completely
de-energized. Check every winding. Ensure that all
terminals of the transformer are disconnected from line
or load at the transformer. Connections to ground may
be left in place.

F
WARNING
For all testing as described herein, care shall be taken
to ensure any and all unused clamps shall be isolated
from each other, from ground, and from personnel.

F
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE


Press red EMERGENCY TEST OFF push button
or switch power off.

Description of Test Sequence

Once all the precautions and steps of Sections 2 Safety and 3 Prepare for
Test are complete, and the connections to the Transformer Under Test
(TUT) have been made, then the input switch may be switched to the
ON position.

0, OFF position
- , ON position

The MTO is operated by using the keypad on the front panel. On

power up, a beep sound will occur, the test set performs a self-test
check, and all hardware and software variables are initialized.

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INITIALIZATION FUNCTION

The MTO performs startup diagnostics to assure the internal hardware is

operational before testing transformers.

If an error code is displayed that is uncorrectable, return the instrument

to Megger or an authorized service center for repair. Refer to Section 7
Service for repair instructions. If no errors are detected, the resistance
and current displays will present dashes (-).

TEST FUNCTION

After a successful initialization function is completed, the user has the

ability to go into any of four user functions. This section describes the
TEST FUNCTION in detail.

1. Set the Data Output Mode Switch to the desired mode.

2. Set the Function Mode Switch to TEST mode.

3. Set the Current Range required for test.

4. The current display window (I) will flash ready before a test
sequence is initiated.

5. The OHM 1 display window will display the locally stored

temperature that the unit will store with the resulting data for all
subsequent tests. Press and to change the transformer
winding temperature at the time of test.

6. The OHM 2 display window will display the Current Transition

time sensitivity and if OHM 2 display is turned ON or OFF during
testing.

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 Operating the MTO210

Press to change the transition sensitivity. 0 is off and the

higher the number, the more sensitive the circuit will be for
current transitions.

Press to turn ON or OFF the OHM 2 display during testing.

7. locally stored temperature that the unit will store with the
resulting data for all subsequent tests. Press and to
change the transformer winding temperature at the time of test.

8. Press and the unit will apply power to the transformer and
attempt too charge the transformer to the maximum current set
level. Once the current has stabilized, the unit will calibrate all
inputs and take resistance readings continuously.

9. Press during testing and the unit will save and/or print the
displayed data (based on the setting of the Data Output Mode
Switch). This button makes it possible to take multiple readings
such as an on load tap changer test. The unit will display the test
number in the current display and Saved in Ohm 2 display for 2
seconds to acknowledge the data saved.

10. Press and the unit will turn off power to the transformer,
store and/or print the data (based on the setting of the Data
Output Mode Switch and display the data on the LCD display for
review.
The data will stay on the LCD until another function or is
selected.

DISCHARGE FUNCTION
This button, when pushed will stop testing and discharge the
transformer. The Discharge Indicator to the left will
illuminate during the discharge cycle. No data is stored in
the memory and/or output to printer.

The discharge of a transformer after testing is critical to prevent

excessive voltage buildup across the transformer bushings upon removal
of current. When the current source is disconnected, the energy in a
transformer will continue to flow. If there is high impedance (air), the
voltage across the inductor will increase until there is a current path
found for the energy. This can be either an internal or external current
path. It is possible to attach a shorting cable across the transformer
bushings before the current source is turned off. Since the short has

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very little resistance, the circulating current thru the transformer and the
short may continue for a very long period of time. The MTO discharge
circuitry is built-in. It will automatically initiate when the current source
is disconnected from the transformer. It will also provide visual
indication of discharging.

DEMAGNETIZATION FUNCTION
This button, when pushed will perform a transformer
demagnetization. The Demag Indicator to the right will
illuminate during the demagnetization cycle.

The demagnetization of a transformer after testing is critical for smooth

transformer startup. If there is a large residual flux present in the
transformer at startup, inrush currents on the primary side of the
transformer may exceed relay settings for shutdown, therefore, it is
advantageous to perform demagnetization after a winding resistance test
sequence has been run and the transformer is scheduled back into
service.

The MTO demagnetizes the transformer by automatically magnetizing

the core of the transformer in the positive and negative direction with
multiple cycles of reduced current. During the demagnetizations, the
unit will display what cycle the unit is processing.

Demagnetization only needs to be accomplished once after all testing is

complete. CURRENT and VOLTAGE leads should be attached to high
side windings for more effective demagnetization.

The demagnetization cycle will take time for completion. It is equivalent

to taking multiple tests in sequence.

REMOTE TEST FUNCTION

The main purpose of this function is to take sequential data to storage

during a single test. It is useful for tap change testing where multiple
resistance values are to be read in sequence with no test lead
movement.

1. Connect Remote Control Cable to the remote connector on the

front panel of the instrument.

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 Operating the MTO210

2. Power ON (-) the instrument.

The Unit will detect the Remote Switch and display “rnnt 0/1”. The 0
is when the switch is not pushed; the 1 is when the switch is
pushed. This is the indicator that you are in Remote Mode and the
button is functioning properly.

3. To start a test sequence, press on the front panel. This will

NOT cause the test to start but only illuminate the HV Indicator.
The Remote Indicator will stay off.

4. The operator will go to the tap changer, verify it is in the correct

starting position, and then to start the first test, press .

The Remote Indicator will slow flash to indicate charging. When the
Remote Indicator goes steady the reading is stable.

5. Pressing will cause the stable result to be saved to memory.

The MTO is always monitoring for a tap change interrupts.

If a Break Before Make condition occurs the Break Before Make

Indicator will flash rapidly.

Depending on the length of the break, one of two things will

happen.
1. For short breaks, the unit will rapidly flash, but the system will
continue to operate and give resistance readings. Press to

acknowledge and store the event or press to delete the

event.
2. For breaks longer than about 200 msecs, the system will
automatically shut down. The HV Indicator will extinguish and
the Discharge Indicator and Remote Indicator will flash.

To extinguish the Break Before Make Indicator, press .

If no such condition exists the Remote Indicator will start slow

flashing again until the circuit stabilizes from the tap change and
then go steady when this setting has stabilized.

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3. Press to record the reading again and the process continues

till all transformer taps are tested.

STORED DATA FUNCTIONS

The MTO can save up to 2000 test results to memory for archival
purposes. If data is stored while testing, the unit can step thru the
memory after testing in a review process.

TEST

1. Set the Data Output Mode Switch into Storage Review Mode. The
unit will come up with the last data stored in alternate mode. The
logged test number and time of test will flash on the upper screen.
By pressing , the unit will display detailed results of current and
two resistance values. Pressing will alternate between the two
displays.

NOTE: If the MTO storage is full, the message “StorAg FULL”

will be displayed at power up or at first time reviewing
data.

2. Press and to traverse the stored data.

3. Press to print displayed data.

4. Press to delete the last stored data from the unit. The unit will

ask for confirmation with SURE on the OHM1 screen. Press to

confirm deletion.

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 Operating the MTO210

5. Press a second time to delete all stored data from the unit. The
unit will ask for confirmation with SURE on the OHM1 screen. Press

to confirm deletion.

6. Press a third time to get out of the delete mode.

SET TIME FUNCTION

The MTO can set the Time of Day from the front panel interface. Set the
function mode switch to the Date Time Setting as shown below.

TEST

1. Set the Function Mode Switch into set time mode.

2. Use and to traverse thru the year, month, day, hour, minute
and second. The active parameter will blink on and off.

3. Use and to increase or decrease the selected parameter.

4. Use to confirm any changes made to selected parameters.

SET TIME AND DATE FORMAT

The MTO can change the Date Format.

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TEST

1. Set the Function Mode Switch to Date Format Mode.

2. Press and to traverse from year/month/day to

month/day/year to day/month/year.

3. Press to confirm any changes made to selected parameters.

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 Operating the MTO210

FIRMWARE UPDATE MODE

The MTO has two processors, commonly referred to as the bottom and
top processor. Each processor requires software to function properly.
This section describes the method for changing the firmware on an
MTO

ATTAINING THE LATEST SOFTWARE:

The best way to attain the latest software is to visit Megger.com.

Once you are on the site,

1. Select the country you are located in.

2. You may have to register to log in on the site.

3. Select Software Downloads.

4. Select MTO. There should be a list of software available for

download.

5. Select the latest firmware version available. The software is self

contained as a ZIP file.

6. Download the file and run. The software will self extract and run
automatically.

7. A Megger Welcome Screen will appear on the PC display. Before

moving forward connect the PC to the MTO210 via an Ethernet
cable.

8. Follow the instructions on the screen and the software will guide
you thru the process of selecting the Ethernet Interface, verifying
that the MTO is connected, power cycling the MTO to
synchronize the boot loader with the PC, selecting the file for
download and actually downloading the software.

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 5
Transformer Testing

F
WARNING
When testing a transformer or regulator, make sure that a good
ground is placed on the test specimen as shown on all
connection diagrams.

Winding Resistance Testing

Winding resistance measurements in transformers are of fundamental
importance for the following purposes:

• Calculations of the I2R component of conductor losses.

• Calculation of winding temperature at the end of a temperature

test cycle.

• As a diagnostic tool for assessing possible damage in the field.

Transformers are subject to vibration. Problems or faults occur due to

poor design, assembly, handing, poor environments, overloading or
poor maintenance. Measuring the resistance of the windings assures that
the connections are correct and the resistance measurements indicate
that there are no severe mismatches or opens. Many transformers have
taps built into them. These taps allow ratio to be increased or decreased
by fractions of a percent. Any of the ratio changes involve a mechanical
movement of a contact from one position to another. These tap changes
should also be checked during a winding resistance test.

Regardless of the configuration, either star or delta, the measurements

are normally made phase-to-phase and comparisons are made to
determine if the readings are comparable. If all readings are within one
percent of each other, then they are acceptable. Keep in mind that the
purpose of the test is to check for gross differences between the
windings and for opens in the connections. The tests are not made to
duplicate the readings of the manufactured device which was tested in
the factory under controlled conditions and perhaps at other
temperatures.

Transformer winding resistances are measured in the in order to check

for abnormalities due to loose connections, broken strands, and high-
contact resistance in tap changers. Interpretation of results is usually

AVTMMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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based on a comparison of measurements made separately on each

phase in the case of a wye-connected winding or between pairs of
terminals on a delta-connected winding. Comparison may also be made
with original data measured in the factory.
Testing a Single-Phase Transformer
SINGLE-WINDING TEST

+ H1 X1
I
-

+
V1
-

H2 X3

TRANSFORMER

Figure 2: Single Winding Measurement

F WARNING
Do not disconnect leads until all indicators are OFF!

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect line cord to unit and plug into 120 V/230 V socket.

2. Connect Safety GND cord from Top Panel to Transformer GND.

3. Set the following conditions:

a. Set to TEST position.

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 Transformer Testing

b. Set to desired MAXIMUM TEST

CURRENT.

c. Set to desired DATA OUTPUT.

4. Connect "V1" voltage leads to test specimen winding. Do not clip

potential leads on the current leads, since this will add contact
resistance to the measurement. See Figure 2.

Connect current output (I) to test specimen winding. See Figure

2.

5. Turn power switch "ON" (-).

6. Press button to initiate current flow.

7. The top smaller display indicates current output and the Ohm1
display indicates resistance of specimen.

NOTE For larger transformers, the resistance display should be

observed and resistance readings taken when the
reading stabilizes. The drift in the indicated resistance
reading is due to the inductance of the transformer. For
small transformers the drift lasts for only a few seconds;
for single-phase high voltage transformers (500kV), the
drift may last for a fraction of a minute; for large delta
connected transformers the settling time may be much
longer, see section “Testing Delta Connected Windings”.
A 345MVA, 500kV single-phase transformer requires
approximately 2 minutes for the display to settle.

8. When measurement is complete, press to terminate

measurement and discharge current. Discharge is complete when
the discharge indicator is off.

9. Remove the current leads from the transformer.

10. Remove the potential leads form the transformer.

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DUAL-WINDING TEST

This procedure describes the testing of both windings (high and low) on
a single-phase transformer at the same time.

+ H1 X1
I
-
+
V2
+ -
V1
- X2

H2 X3

TRANSFORMER

Figure 3: Dual-Winding Test

F WARNING
Do not disconnect leads until all indicators are OFF!

NOTES: It should be carefully noted that the jumper in Figure 3

be connected to opposite polarities of transformer to
reduce transformer core saturation time.

If the resistance between the 2 windings is greater than

factor of 10, you may get a more accurate reading by
testing the windings separately.

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect line cord to unit and plug into line socket.

2. Connect Safety GND cord from Top Panel to Transformer GND.

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 Transformer Testing

3. Set the following conditions:

a Set to TEST position.

b. Set to desired MAXIMUM TEST CURRENT.

c. Set to desired DATA OUTPUT.

4. Connect "V1" voltage leads input to H1 and H2 terminals of test

transformer. See Figure 3.
5. Connect "V2’ voltage leads input to X1 and X2 terminals of test
transformer. See Figure 3.

Connect current leads (I) to test specimen winding. See Figure 3.

Add the Jumper Cable from H2 to X1. This will allow current to
flow from the primary winding to the secondary winding.
Voltage leads should always be placed inside (between)
current leads and the transformer. See Figure 3.

NOTE: Always try and keep the polarization of the transformer

the same for improved transformer charge time. If the
positive lead for the current is connected to the positive
terminal of the primary winding, follow this procedure
by driving the current from the primary winding H2
jumpered to the positive terminal of the secondary
winding X1.

6. Turn power Switch "ON" (-). Press button to initiate current

flow.
7. The top smaller display indicates current output and the Ohm1
display indicates resistance of primary winding and Ohm 2
display indicates the resistance of the secondary winding
specimen.

8. When measurement is complete, press to end the

measurement and discharge current. Discharge is complete when
discharge indicator is OFF(0).

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Temperature Correction
It may be necessary to convert the resistance measurements to values
corresponding to the reference temperature in the transformer test
report.

To estimate the winding temperature at the measurement is important. If

the transformer has winding temperature, use theses readings. If not, the
winding temperature is assumed to be the same as the oil temperature
under the following conditions:

• The transformer has been out of service for at least 3 hours

• The temperature of the insulating liquid has stabilized, and the

difference between the top and bottom temperature does not
exceed 5ºC.

If the transformer is measured without oil, the winding temperature is

normally assumed to be the same temperature as the surrounding air.

Conver sio n of Resi stance Measu rements

Winding resistance measurements are normally converted to a standard

reference temperature.

The conversions are accomplished by the following formula:

Rs = Rm ( Ts + Tk )/( Tm + Tk )

where

Rs = resistance at desired temperature Ts

Rm = measured resistance

Ts = desired reference temperature

Tm = temperature at which resistance was measured

Tk = 234.5 (copper)

Tk = 225 (aluminum)

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 Transformer Testing

Testing a Three-Phase Transformer

The following details the different methods to be used in testing three-
phase transformers. The measurements taken will be for one or two
winding(s) at a time. Connection diagrams (Figures 4 thru 7) are to be
used in conjunction with procedure "Single-Phase Transformer Test".
The only changes will be placement of leads.

NOTE: When testing Primary and Secondary windings

simultaneously, always try and keep the polarization of
the transformer the same for improved transformer
charge time. See Table 1.

PROCEDURE:

1. Three-Phase Wye Configured Winding with Neutral

+
I
-

H1 H2

+
V1
- H0

H3

Figure 4: Reading obtained is per phase, Resistance of A-N Winding

Use the above diagram in conjunction with procedure "Single-Phase

Transformer Test".

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2. Three-Phase Wye Configured Winding, No Neutral Brought Out

+
I
-

H1 H2

+ +
V1 V2
- -
H0

H3

Figure 5: Reading obtained is between pairs of terminals, Resistance of A and B Windings

Use the above diagram in conjunction with procedure "Single-Phase

Transformer Test".

3. Three-Phase, Delta Configured Winding

+
I
-

X1 X2

+ +
V1 V2
- -

X3

Figure 6: Reading is between pairs of terminals. Resistance of A in parallel with B+C Windings

Use the diagram in Figure 6 in conjunction with procedure "Single-Phase

Transformer Test".

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 Transformer Testing

Testing Delta Configured Windings

Testing Delta winding resistance may be a very time consuming
procedure, in particular LV winding deltas the correct balance time can
take up to 30-60 minutes for a large transformer, which far exceeds the
time restriction of many tests.

The method for quickly testing delta configurations requires that both
the high side and low side be connected in series with the MTO’s
current source (see connection Table 1). By using both HV and LV
windings to magnetize the core, the effective test magnetization current
increases with the turn ratio. As an example, testing the Low Voltage
side of a 100/10 kV Yd transformer with dual side injection at 10A is the
same as testing only the Low Voltage side of that same transformer 68
A. Even if only one side of the transformer needs to be tested,
connecting both high and low windings in series will speed the test up
by a factor of 10 or more.

DELTA WINDING RESISTANCE

Manufacturer’s winding resistance data are usually presented as per

winding for Y configurations and per terminal pairs for Delta windings.
In the rare case that manufacturer’s data is presented per winding also
for a delta connection, the recommendation is to recalculate the
numbers to terminal pairs and compare with the field measurement
results.

Ravg = Average individual winding resistance

Rtp = Winding resistance between terminal pirs

Rtp=Ravg*0.6667

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TABLE 1.

EXAMPLES ON TRANSFORMER CONNECTION SCHEMES

FOR
INJECTING TEST CURRENT AND MEASURING TWO WINDINGS
SIMULTANEOUSLY

Measurement setup
Vector Group Current Connections Meas ch 1 Meas ch 2
+ Current Jumper - Current + - + -
H1 H3-X1 X3 H1 H3 X1 X3
Dd0 H2 H1-X2 X1 H2 H1 X2 X1
H3 H2-X3 X2 H3 H2 X3 X2
H1 H3-X0 X1 H1 H3 X0 X1
Dyn7 H2 H1-X0 X2 H2 H1 X0 X2
H3 H2-X0 X3 H3 H2 X0 X3
H1 H3-X1 X0 H1 H3 X1 X0
Dyn1 H2 H1-X2 X0 H2 H1 X2 X0
H3 H2-X3 X0 H3 H2 X3 X0
H1 H0-X1 X0 H1 H0 X1 X0
YNyn0 H2 H0-X2 X0 H2 H0 X2 X0
H3 H0-X3 X0 H3 H0 X3 X0
H1 H0-X1 X2 H1 H0 X1 X2
Ynd1 H2 H0-X2 X3 H2 H0 X2 X3
H3 H0-X3 X1 H3 H0 X3 X1
H1 H3-X1 X2 H1 H3 X3 X2
Dy1 H2 H1-X2 X3 H2 H1 X1 X3
H3 H2-X3 X1 H3 H2 X2 X1
H1 H0-X2 X1 H1 H0 X2 X1
YNd7 H2 H0-X3 X2 H2 H0 X3 X2
H3 H0-X1 X3 H3 H0 X1 X3
H1 H2-X0 X1 H1 H2 X0 X1
Dyn5 H2 H3-X0 X2 H2 H3 X0 X2
H3 H1-X0 X3 H3 H1 X0 X3
H1 H3-X1 X3 H1 H3 X1 X3
Dy11 H2 H1-X2 X1 H2 H1 X2 X1
H3 H2-X3 X2 H3 H2 X3 X2
H1 H2-X1 X0 H1 H2 X1 X0
Dyn11 H2 H3-X2 X0 H2 H3 X2 X0
H3 H1-X3 X0 H3 H1 X3 X0

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 Transformer Testing

Testing Transformers with Tap Changers

Many transformers used today have taps built into them. These taps
allow ratio to be increased or decreased by a few percent. Any of the
ratio changes involve a mechanical movement of a contact from one
position to another. It is this contact that needs to be checked by way of
its contact resistance and mechanical integrity.

The contact may go bad for a number of reasons.

1. Misaligned when manufactured causing insufficient surface
contact. Full load current overheats contact surface causing it to
burn.
2. Current passing through contact exceeds full load rating.
3. Tap changing operation failing to have the required "Make
Before Break" sequence will create internal arcing of contact
surface.
4. An off-load tap changer is switched while on load. Contact
surface becomes pitted and uneven.

Tap changers are divided into two types; “On-load” and “Off-load”. The
"On-load" tap changer allows selection of ratio change while the
transformer is in service. This would mean the ratio of a transformer can
be changed while power (current) is still passing through it. The most
common example of this type of "On-load" tap changer is a "Voltage
Regulator".

The MTO is ideally suited to test “On-load” tap changers because the
instrument can be left ON while changing from tap to tap. This allows
the operator to take measurements very quickly without discharging,
then re-charging the transformer for every tap. The MTO will re-balance
after every tap change. If the tap is defective (open) or if there is even a
fraction of time (1mS) where circuit is open, the MTO will indicate an
open circuit. If the current interruption is longer than about 10 ms, the
MTO will stop the test and discharge the transformer automatically. This
gives the operator a clear indication of a possible fault within the tap
changer. For this OPEN condition, no damage will be done to the
transformer by the MTO’s DC current.

The second type of tap changer is the "Off-load". This is not as common
as “On-load” because in order to change taps, the transformer has to be
taken out of service or at least disconnected from the load. The MTO
will test “Off-load” taps, but the transformer must be discharged
between tap changes. If the transformer is not discharged between tap
changes, damage can result in the transformer or the test unit

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Testing Voltage Regulators

This procedure describes the basic connections to a single-phase
regulator. The main test for a regulator is the evaluation of the condition
of the tap positions. Because there are a large number of taps (typical
15 to 32), this test would normally take a very long time. With the MTO,
this test time is drastically reduced because the instrument will stay on
while changing “On load” tap positions.

All regulators have internal bridging reactors. It is because of these

reactors that stabliization time for the MTO will vary. On odd position
taps, balance time will be longer than even positions. This is due to
circulating current generated when on odd positions and is shown
below:

Figure 7: Odd Position Tap

Figure 8: Even Position Tap

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 Transformer Testing

SERIES
WINDING

+
V1 “RAISE”
- L
DIRECTION

+
SOURCE S
I
-
R
L LOAD

Figure 9: Connection to a Regulator

F WARNING
Do not disconnect leads until all indicators are OFF.

PROCEDURE

1. Connect line cord to unit and plug into 120/240V socket.

2. Set the following conditions:

a Set to TEST position.

b. Set to desired max test current.

c. Set DATA OUTPUT MODE.

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3. Connect "V1" voltage leads to test specimen winding. See Figure

9.

4. Connect current leads (I) to test specimen winding. Do not clip

voltage leads on to the current leads, since this will add contact
resistance to the measurement. Voltage leads should always be
placed inside (between) the transformer and the current
leads. See Figure 9.

5. Turn power switch "ON" (-).

6. Press button to initiate current flow.

7. The top display indicates current output and Ohm 1 display

indicates resistance.

8. Step thru the TAPS of the “On load” tap changer. The resistance
should change slightly with each TAP change. Press to save
and/or print the readings of each tap.

If a Break Before Make condition occurs the Break Before Make

Indicator will flash rapidly.

Depending on the length of the break, one of two things will

happen.

1. For small breaks, the unit will rapidly flash, but the system will
continue to operate and give resistance readings.

2. For breaks longer than 10msecs, the system will automatically

shut down. The HV Indicator will extinguish and the Discharge
Indicator will flash.

To extinguish the Break Before Make Indicator after an event, press

If no such condition exists the Remote Indicator will start slow

flashing again until the circuit stabilizes from the tap change and
then go steady when this setting has stabilized.

AVTMMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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 Transformer Testing

3. Press to record the reading again and the process continues

until all transformer taps are tested.

4. When measurements are complete, press to terminate

and discharge current. Discharge is complete when the discharge
indicator is off.

Demagnetizing a Transformer
The MTO demagnetizes the transformer by automatically magnetizing
the core of the transformer in the positive and negative direction with
multiple cycles of reduced current. The demagnetization function is
equivalent to generating test currents for multiple resistance tests.
During the demagnetizations cycle, the unit will display the number of
cycles left in the process.

1. Demagnetization only needs to be accomplished once after all

testing is complete.

2. CURRENT and VOLTAGE leads should be attached to one

phase/terminal pair on high side (Primary) windings for more
effective demagnetization.

3. Voltage Leads need to be attached. Just like a test. Discharge energy

is absorbed through the voltage leads.

4. Only one Winding needs to be demagnetized on a three phase

transformer.

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AVTMMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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 6
MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite
Introduction
PowerDB Lite is a free, but limited capability, version of the PowerDB
software tool that is designed specifically to control and/or extract data
from Megger instruments. The primary difference between PowerDB
Lite and PowerDB is that PowerDB is designed to work with all
manufacturers’ equipment and has field and office synchronization
capabilities. PowerDB Lite will present your test data into a professional
looking data form that can be sent to a printer or .pdf file distiller such
as PDF995.

PowerDB Lite allows you to use a sub-set of the standard PowerDB

forms that are appropriate for specific Megger instruments. PowerDB
Lite detects the instrument and enables the appropriate form(s). Data
can be entered on-screen or captured directly while using the test
instrument. Completed data forms can be saved as files to your
computer.

For more information, or updates to the software, visit

www.PowerDB.com.

Minimum Recommended System

Operating System: Windows 2000 or later

RAM: 64 MB RAM minimum, 512+ MB RAM recommended

Processor: 300 MHz Pentium Class processor minimum, 1 GHZ or

better recommended

For information about the features of the full version of PowerDB please
visit our website at www.powerdb.com. Get acquainted with the
following features by scheduling a live demonstration at
[email protected].

Synchronize all of your test records into a Single Corporate Database

Reduce Test Time

Improve Data Integrity

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M

Standardize Test Procedures

Easily use Historical Trending for evaluation of Test Results

Eliminates the need to install and maintain a software application per

instrument

Eliminates all hand written test sheets

Create your own test forms

Use or modify one of our 200 built-in test forms

One-step procedure to generate test reports with table of contents

and deficiency summaries
Allows all of your field test data to be integrated with CMMS systems
such as Maximo or SAP

Imports >From Many Other Industry Standard Software Applications

Controls and Imports Data from many non-Megger Instruments

Software Installation
To install PowerDB Lite, load the PowerDB Lite CD into your CD-ROM
drive and follow the on-screen instructions.

1. Accept the terms of the License agreement.

AVTMMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite

2. Choose the destination location for the PowerDB Lite files.

3. Select Default Settings.

AVTMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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4. InstallShield Wizard will complete the installation of PowerDB

Lite. Click Finish to close the installation program.

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 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite

Using PowerDB Lite

1. HOME

1. Select your Instrument MTO210 from the Instrument Setup

screen.

a. You can always view the Instrument Setup screen from the
Tools menu or F3.

b. The MTO uses serial communication. Select the appropriate

communication settings on the Serial Device Configuration
screen.
c. Use the Refresh button to find any ports that may have not
been connected at the startup of PowerDB Lite. If you are
using a USB serial port and do not know the port assigned to
it please perform the following:
1. Remove the USB serial adapter.

2. Press Refresh.

3. Click on the Port Drop Down and record the options.

4. Plug the adapter back in.

5. Press Refresh.

6. Select the port that was not in the original list.

AVTMTO210 Rev 6 May 2011

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Verify that the baud rate is set to 9600, Parity is set to none, Byte Size is
set to 8, and Stop Bits is set to 1.

d. Click OK on the Instrument Setup Screen to finish.

2. SELECT A FORM

Once you have defined the instrument, PowerDB will present the forms
created in the database and associated with that instrument. The factory
default form is 56352.

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 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite

3. ENTER TEST DATA

a. Header and nameplate information can be manually typed
into a form.
b. Download Test Data – Pressing this screen button will
automatically download all of the data from the MTO.
c. Delete Selected Records – When PowerDB Lite is connected
to the MTO, the user can select tests from the list of displayed
downloaded tests and delete those specific tests.
d. Delete ALL Test Data – When this software button is
pressed, all of the data in the instrument will be deleted.

4. COMMENTS AND DEFICIENCIES

When imported into the full version of PowerDB, the comments and
deficiencies on each form are used to generate summary reports. These
summary reports repeat the notations and lists the page number where
reported. This allows the user to scroll to a particular page to view a
reported anomaly. For more information on features of PowerDB visit
us at our website at www.PowerDB.com.

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5. SAVE THE DATA

a. Select the File>Save menu item, or press CTRL+S, or press the
Save toolbar button.
b. The Save As screen will allow you to specify a location and
file name for your PowerDB Lite XML file.

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 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite

6. OPENING AN EXISTING FILE

a. Select the File> Open menu item.

b. Browse to the file you would like to open.

c. Press the Open dialog button.
d. If the file contains multiple test dates, select the Date that you
would like to open for editing or select New to append a new
set of results to the file. To remove a set of results, click on
the selected file and press the Delete button.

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7. SETTING THE LOGOS

a. Select the Tools>Options menu item.
b. The Logos section specifies paths to the left and right logos
files to use.
c. To change the left logo press the “…” button by the left logo
path.
d. The Open Screen allows you to browse to a file location,
select a .JPG or .BMP file, and press the Open button.
e. Repeat steps (c) and (d) for the right logo path.
f. Note that a logo will not be shown if the logo file path is
blank or the file does not exist.
g. Note after specifying the logo files the image will not be
shown until the next time a form is opened (File>Open, or
the File>New menu items).
h. Note that the logos will look the best if the resolution of the
file is 240 pixels wide by 240 pixels high. DPI is not
important.

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 MTO210 Series PowerDB Lite

8. HOW TO CHANGE LANGUAGES

a. Select the Tools>Options menu item.
b. Select the appropriate language in the dropdown menu.

9. HOW TO CHANGE UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

a. Select the Tools> Options menu item.
b. Select the units in the drop down Default Units under
Measurements.

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10. ADDITIONAL NOTES

a. Additional forms can be filled out by repeating steps 2, 3 and
6.
b. Forms can be printed with the File>Print menu item, or type
CTRL+P, or press the Print toolbar button.
c. A help guide may be found in the Help>PowerDB Lite Help
menu item.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
1. Can I change the forms?

No. You must have the full version of PowerDB to change forms.
2. Can I synchronize forms to a database?

No. You must have the full version of PowerDB for database support
and to synchronize multiple field databases to a single master database.
3. Can I import PowerDB Lite files into PowerDB?

Yes. You can use the File>Import menu item in PowerDB to import files
from PowerDB Lite.

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 7
Service
Maintenance
Maintenance should be performed only by qualified persons familiar
with the hazards involved with high-voltage test equipment. Read and
understand Section 2, Safety, before performing any service.
Routine maintenance is required for the MTO test set.
The appearance of the MTO test set can be maintained by occasionally
cleaning the case, panel and cable assemblies.

1. Clean the outside of the carrying case with detergent and water.
Dry with a clean, dry cloth.

2. Clean the control panel with a cloth dampened with detergent

and water. Do NOT allow water to penetrate panel holes,
because damage to components on the underside may result. An
all-purpose, household spray cleaner can be used to clean the
panel. Polish with a soft, dry cloth, taking care not to scratch the
display screen cover.

3. Clean the cables and mating panel receptacles with isopropyl or

denatured alcohol applied with a clean cloth.

4. Inspect the cable assemblies occasionally to ensure they are in

good condition.

Fuse Replacement
The electronic circuits in the MTO test set are protected by two mains
fuses. Fuse replacement is indicated if the electronic circuits do not
function. Refer any fuse replacement to qualified personnel. To avoid
electric shock and fire hazard, use only the fuses specified in Section 8,
Parts List and Optional Accessories that are identical in respect to type,
voltage rating, and current rating. Note that 2 spare fuses are included
with each MTO.

F
WARNING
Before replacing the fuses, disconnect the
power input plug from the live power source.

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To replace fuse(s), proceed as follows:

1. Disconnect the power cord from the MTO test set.

2. Using a small flathead screwdriver, carefully remove the fuse

holder of the input power module installed on the right side of
the MTO test set front panel.
3. Remove and properly dispose of blown fuse(s).
4. Install new fuse(s) making sure to use the type specified in
Section 8.
5. Reinstall the fuse holder in its receptacle in the input power
module. Connect the power cord to the MTO test set and to an
energized power source. If the electronic circuits still do not
function properly, contact the factory for service.

Calibration
A complete performance and calibration check should be made at least
once every year. This will ensure that the MTO test set is functioning
and calibrated properly over the entire measurement range. The MTO
calibration is performed on each new or repaired unit before sending it
to a customer. There is a special MTO final calibration procedure which
requires a NIST-traceable test equipment to be used. As a result of such
calibration procedure, each MTO test set may be NIST certified.

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Repairs
Any service or repair of this equipment should only be performed by
qualified persons who are aware of electrical hazards and the necessary
precautions required to prevent injury.

Megger offers a complete Repair and Calibration Service and

recommends that its customers take advantage of this service for routine
maintenance or in the event of any equipment malfunction.

In the event that Service is required, contact your Megger representative

for a product Return Authorization (RA) number and shipping
instructions.

Ship the product prepaid and insured and marked for the attention of
the Megger Repair Department. Please indicate all pertinent information,
including catalog number, serial number, and problem symptoms.

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ERROR CODES
MTO comes with a wide range of error codes to assure unit is working
properly and track down problems in a systematic manner. When an
error code occurs, the first thing to do is acknowledge the error by
pressing enter and repeating the test. If the error persists, review the
possible causes and determine if you can resolve the problem on site. If
the basic cause a ruled out, contact Megger for additional assistance.
Bold Error codes are quite common with the possible causes defined.

CODE Error Description Possible Cause

ESd ESD is pushed down Button is pushed down, internal cable is

disconnected, internal hardware failure

IntLoc Interlock interface is open Interlock Jumper removed, attached

interlock circuit broken, internal cable
disconnected

1XX Ethernet and top panel errors (MTO210

ONLY)

101 No link between top panel and lower

acquisition board

102 Ethernet communication failed

110 Current selection switch error

111 Function Mode switch error

112 Storage Mode Switch errors

113 I2C BUS error

114 LCD I2C bus error

115 LED I2C bus error

116 MUX I2C bus error

117 EEPROM failure

2.0 Initialization error

201 ADC internal zero calibration failure

202 ADC internal full-scale calibration failure

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

203 Onboard 5 volt supply out of range, too

high

204 Onboard 10 volt out of range, too high

205 Onboard 28 volt out of range, too high

206 VICOR power supply temperature is out of

range

207 Discharge circuit temperature is out of

range

208 2.5V reference is out of range

209 Zero reference is out of range

210 25V reference is out of range

211 VICOR power supply failed to regulate at 5

volts

212 VICOR power supply failed to regulate at

20 volts

213 VICOR power supply failed to regulate at

40 volts

214 EsD

215 VICOR power supply control loop circuit

failed

216 Too much voltage ripple for the 5 volt

supply

217 Too much voltage ripple for the 10 volt

supply

218 Too much voltage ripple for the 28 volt

supply

221 Too much voltage ripple for the 2.5 volt

reference

222 Too much voltage ripple for the 25 volt

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

reference

223 Too much voltage ripple for the VICOR

power supply at 5 volts

224 Too much voltage ripple for the VICOR

power supply at 20 volts

225 Too much voltage ripple for the VICOR

power supply at 40 volts

226 UNDER status input failed

227 OVER status input failed

228 EEPROM byte writing error

229 EEPROM byte reading error

230 EEPROM is uninitialized

231 Discharge temperature too much ripple

232 VNOISE voltage out of range

233 VNOISE voltage too much ripple

234 VICOR power supply failed at 5v, voltage

too high

235 VICOR power supply failed at 5v, voltage

too low

236 VICOR power supply failed at 20v, voltage

too high

237 VICOR power supply failed at 20v, voltage

too low

238 VICOR power supply failed at 40v, voltage

too high

239 VICOR power supply failed at 40v, voltage

too low

240 VICOR power supply failed at loop test,

voltage too low

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

241 Onboard 10v out of range, voltage too low

242 Onboard 28v out of range, voltage too low

243 Discharge temperature is out of range, too Unit overheated, fans filters clogged, fans
high not working, overuse, extremely hot test
conditions

244 VICOR temperature is out of range, too Unit overheated, fans filters clogged, fans
high not working, overuse, extremely hot test
conditions

245 VNOISE voltage out of range, too low.

246 VICOR temperature too much ripple

3.0 ADC_ERROR

301 ADC reading times out or ADC locks up

302 Internal error. Communication with ADC

failed.

303 ADC sample rate setting failed

304 ADC internal zero cal failed

305 ADC internal full-scale calibration failed

306 ADC cannot be restored back to normal

mode

307 ADC channel 1 selection failed

308 ADC channel 2 selection failed

309 ADC channel 3 selection failed

310 Too much noise/ripple on ADC readings

311 ADC failed, initialization

312 ADC failed, run time

313 ADC locks up, can not read

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

314 ADC channel 4 failed

4.0 HARDWARE_ERROR

401 Discharge takes too much time

402 VICOR protection failed, OVER is too long

or too short to reset

403 VICOR protection failed, OVER is too long

or too short to set

404 VICOR fast protection failed, OVER is too

long or too short to reset

405 VICOR fast protection failed, OVER is too

long or too short to set

406 Current Regulation failed at DAC=0

407 Current Regulation failed at 10mA range

408 Current Regulation failed at 100mA range

409 Current Regulation failed at 1A range

410 Current Regulation failed at 10A range

411 Current output not high enough

412 Too much ripple for Lamp On

413 Too much ripple for Lamp Off

414 Test Lamp voltage is too low

415 Test Lamp voltage is too high

416 Warning Lamp test failed

417 Remote lamp test failed

418 Relay test K1 on and K2 on failed

419 Relay test K1 off test failed

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

420 Relay test K2 off test failed

421 Relay test K3 on and K4on failed

422 Relay test K3 off test failed

423 Relay test K4 off test failed

465 OVER and UNDER failed during winding

resistance test

466 Current calibration failed during winding

resistance test

467 Voltage calibration failed during winding

resistance test

468 Received abort signal

469 System zero cal failed during current

regulation

470 No current setting has been set for current

control.

471 Current is flat or dropping while charging Current leads not connected

472 Break before make error Lead removed during testing. >10% current
change during testing.

473 H1+ failed, Vrelay3 failed

474 X3+ failed, K9 failed

475 I-SENSE failed

476 Auto-range, resistance is too high

477 Auto-range, current failed

478 Auto-range, current standard deviation too

high

479 Auto-range, voltage is too low

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CODE Error Description Possible Cause

480 Current = 0

481 Over didn't stay set for normal transistor

protection test

482 Over didn't stay set for fast transistor

protection test

483 Transistor protection med-low failed,

OVER is too short to reset

484 Transistor protection med-low failed,

OVER is too short to set

485 Fast transistor protection high failed,

OVER is too short to reset

486 Fast transistor protection high failed,

OVER is too long to set

487 Fast transistor protection high failed,

OVER is too short to set

488 Current Regulation failed at 10mA range,

too low

489 Current Regulation failed at 100mA range,

too low

490 Current Regulation failed at 1A range, too

low

491 Current Regulation failed at 10A range, too

low

492 Relay K1 and K2 failed, current too low

493 Relay K3 and K4 failed, current too low

494 ESD Abort signal encountered Switch pushed down during test

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Parts List and Optional Accessories
Item Cat. No.
Transformer Ohmmeter MTO210
120/230 volt, 50/60 Hz input

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES
V1 Potential lead set, 60 ft (18 m) 2000-700
V2 Potential lead set, 60 ft (18 m) 2000-701
Current lead set, 60 ft (18 m) 2000-702
Shorting lead, 30 ft (9 m) [1] 2000-703
Ground lead, 15 ft (4.6 m) [1] 4702-7
Remote trigger switch 30915-220
AC power cord (IEC60320-C13 to US standard) 17032
AC power cord (IEC60320-C13 to Schuko CEE 7/7) 17032-13
Serial Data Cable CA-RS232
In-lid Quick Start Guide 37178
Canvas carrying bag (for leadsets) 30915-211
Instruction manual ATVMMTO210
PowerDB LITE software DB0001
Fuse 3.15A, 250V, 5x20mm, SLO BLOW 27708-7
Fuse 6.3A, 250V, 5x20mm, SLO BLOW 90001-167

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Beacon strobe light 37181
Printer (includes battery/line powered serial thermal printer,
printer interface cable)
120 V, 60 Hz 1001-390
230 V, 50 Hz 1001-401
Foam-lined transit case 37009
PowerDB (full version) software,1st machine license, soft key DB1001
PowerDB (full version) software, DB1001S
1st machine license, USB dongle

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Specifications
INPUT 120/230 V, 50/60 Hz, 750 VA
OUTPUT
User Selectable Current Ranges: up to 10 mA
up to 100 mA
up to 1 A
up to 10 A
Test Voltage: up to 50 Vdc
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT/DISPLAY
Resistance: @ 10A 1
to 2
res. 0.1 u

@ 1.0A 10
to 20
res. 1.0 u

@ 100mA 100
to 200
res 10 u

@ 10mA 1.0 m
to 2000
res 0.1 m

Accuracy: ±0.25% reading, ±0.25% full scale
Resolution: 4 digits
Displays Two 1’’ high, 6 character, 7-segment, LCDs
One 0.71” high, 6 character, 7-segment, LCD
PRINTER Via RS-232 port
USER INTERFACE B&W numeric displays, keypad
COMPUTER INTERFACE Via RS-232 port
(for downloading results)
INTERNAL DATA STORAGE Up to 2,000 data sets (256Kbytes)
ENVIRONMENTAL
Operating: 14° F to 122° F (-10° C to 50° C)
Storage: 5° F to 158° F (-15° C to +70° C)
Relative Humidity: 0-90% non-condensing
DIMENSIONS 8.5 H x 21.5 W x 13 D
(216 H x 546 W x 330 D mm)
WEIGHT Net 29 lb (13.1 kg)

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66 AVTMMTO210 Rev 5 June 2010