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Section I: Simple Machines, IMA, AMA, Moments, and Efficiency

1. In the space provided below, list the six simple machines, the formula for IMA, the
formula for AMA, and the formula for efficiency.

2. Draw a first class lever where there is 885 lbs. placed 6 feet from the fulcrum on the
effort side and 510 lbs. 8 feet from the fulcrum on the resistance side. What are the
lever’s IMA, AMA, and efficiency?

3. To close a drain, a water main valve must be tuned using 65 lbs. of effort to overcome
190 lbs. of resistance. What is the mechanical advantage?

4. Becky needs to decide between using a second class pulley or a first class pulley. She
wants to be able to lift 410 lbs. of equipment. How much effort would be needed if she
was using the first class pulley? How much effort would be needed if she was using a
second class pulley?

5. A person weighing 188 lbs. is in a wheel chair going up a ramp putting in 34 lbs. of
effort. What is the person’s mechanical advantage?
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6. Your grandma has an axe to split wood. The axe’s length measures to 5 inches, the axe’s
height measures to 1.75 inches. What is the axe’s mechanical advantage?

7. You are given a ¼” 20 UNC bolt. How many revolutions will it take for the bolt to travel
1” in to a piece of material?

8. Sally and Kate are sitting on a see saw, Sally if 4 feet from the fulcrum and Kate is 3.75
feet from the fulcrum. Sally weights 95 lbs, and Kate weighs 110 lbs. Calculate Sally
and Kate’s moments. Which girl has the bigger moment? In one sentence, what does
this mean for the girl that has the larger moment?

Section II: Energy Sources

9. The original source of all energy on the planet is the _________.

10. Energy sources are defined in to three categories; they are _____________,
______________, and ______________.

11. Three examples of fossil fuels are _____________, _______________, and

_______________.

12. Three examples of renewable energy sources are ______________, _______________,

and __________________.
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13. Two examples of inexhaustible energy sources are ______________ and ____________.

14. In the space provided below, describe how wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, OR nuclear
energy produces electricity. (Only write for one!)

15. A student lifts a 50 pound (lb) ball 4 feet (ft) in 5 seconds (s). How many joules of work
has the student completed? What is the efficiency? ​How many watts of power are used to
lift the ball?

Section III: Electricity

16. A material that allows electrons to flow well is known as a ___________________.

17. A material that doesn’t allow electrons to flow well is known as an _________________.

18. _____________ is measured in Volts and labeled as _______________.

19. ____________ is measured in _______________ and labeled as ​A​.

20. Resistance is measured in ________________ and labeled as __________________.

21. In an electrical circuit, if the switch is in the off position is there any current? Y or N

22. In an electrical circuit, if the switch is in the on position is there any current? Y or N
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23. In an electrical circuit, if the switch is in the off position is there any voltage? Y or N

24. In an electrical circuit, if the switch is in the on position is there any voltage? Y or N

25. In the space provided, write the electrical equations (Kirchhoff’s Law) for the following:

1. Ohms law

2. Total voltage for series circuit

3. Total current for a series circuit

4. Total resistance for a series circuit

5. Total voltage for a parallel circuit

6. Total current for a parallel circuit

7. Total resistance for a parallel circuit

26. Ohms Law: You have three separate circuits, the first has the readings of V=12, I=?,
R=7. The second circuit has the readings of V=?, I= 4, and R=24. The third circuit has
the readings of V=30, I=7.1, and R=?. What are the rest of the readings within the three
circuits?
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27. A 24 V parallel electrical system has three components. R1=10k ohms, R2=5k ohms,
and R3=10k ohms. Draw the following schematic and solve for its total resistance (Rt).
Next solve for the system’s total current (It in mA). Finally, solve for the voltages at R1,
R2, and R3.

28. Draw a hydrogen fuel cell with all parts labeled. Explain how hydrogen is made using a
renewable energy source and finally how it is able to produce electricity.

Section IV: Statics

29. Log on to the computer and play the centroid game found on the internet. Learning the
ropes up to round 3.
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30. A vector (labeled as vector A) with a magnitude of 180 is positioned 60 degrees counter
clockwise from the x-axis; starting at the coordinate point (0,0) and moving to the right
and up. Another vector (labeled as vector B) with a magnitude of 220 is positioned 40
degrees counter clockwise from the x-axis; starting at the coordinate point (0,0) and
moving to the right and up. Calculate both vectors, x and y directions (Remember y: sin,
x : cos), combine both x and y axis’s and draw one final vector with your new x and y
coordinates.

31. In this section you will be asked to solve a complex truss problem. You may use the next
sheet to show your work if you wish. ​All final answers need to be placed with in the truss
drawing. ​Your work on the next sheet will count for 75% of your grade for this section.
You may use the online truss calculator to check your answers but keep in mind that the
answers will be a little off with the truss calculator. In order to receive full points, you must
state the following pieces of information: All interior angles, lengths of all members, forces
on all joints, and forces on all members (AB, AC, CE, DE, BC, DC, and BD).
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Section V: Centroids

1. Formula(s) Substitute / Solve Final Answer

2. Formula(s) Substitute / Solve Final Answer

3. Formula(s) Substitute / Solve Final Answer

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Section VI: Beam Deflection

Complete the chart below by calculating the cross-sectional area, Moment of Inertia, and beam deflection,
given a load of ​250 lbf​, a Modulus of Elasticity of ​1,510,000 psi,​ and a span of ​12 ft​. In the space
provided under the chart, be sure to include the equations for the moment of Inertia as well as the
maximum deflection (delta Max).

A B C D E F
Beam
Common N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Name
Actual
Dimensions 2 x 5.5 2 x 5.5 2.5 x 7 2.5 x 7 3x9 3x9
(in.)
Vertical or
Horizontal
Orientation
Cross-Secti
onal Area
(in.​2​)
Moment of
Inertia
(in.​4​)
Beam
Deflection
(in.)
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Section VII: Design Process

Below you will find the six main steps that are used within the design process. Below each of the
bolded steps, write three details that describe that step, or a scenario in which you will most likely see the
step being used. If you need help, direct your attention to the CAD and review the power point entitled
design process.

Identify a problem:

Generate Concepts:

Develop a solution:

Construct and Test a prototype:

Evaluate the solution:

Present the solution:

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Section VIII: Kinematics:

Directions: In the following problems you will be asked to solve for a specific element that is seen in a
trajectory/ kinematics problem. In the space provided below you must have the following to receive full
points: an illustration of the problem, the formula that will be used to solve the problem, and the answer to
the problem.

1. A person riding a dirt bike and goes off a ramp. The ramp’s angle is at 45 degrees and when the
jump is completed has traveled a distance of 20 feet. What is the dirt bike’s initial velocity?

2. A cannon is placed on a flat surface where the firing angle is set to 24 degrees. The initial
velocity of the cannon ball coming out of the barrel is 95 ft/sec. How far away will the cannon
ball land from the initial firing point?

3. A baseball player hits a home run of 312 feet with an initial velocity of 140 feet/ sec. What was
the angle at which the ball had left the barrel of the bat?

4. An archer shoots an arrow using an initial velocity of 98 feet/ sec. Her firing angle was roughly
16 degrees. Where will the arrow land?
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5. A quarterback throws a football 115 feet. The angle at which his arm was set when he let the ball
go was roughly 37 degrees. What was the initial velocity when the ball left the quarterback’s
hand?

6. A person throwing the javelin with the initial velocity of 80 feet/ sec, has the implement land 170
feet away. What was the angle at which the javelin left the thrower’s hand?

Section IX: Stats and Probability:

Below you will find questions that directly correlate to both statistics and probability.

In the space provided below, write the equations for Relative frequency (many times referred to as
probability), Bernoulli process, AND probability, OR probability, NOT probability, and Bayes’ theorem.

LCD screen components for a large cell phone manufacturing company are outsourced to three different
vendors. Vendor ​A​, ​B​, and ​C​ supply ​60%​, ​30%​, and ​10%​ of the required LCD screen components.
Quality control experts have determined that ​.7%​ of vendor ​A​, ​1.4%​ of vendor ​B​, and ​1.9%​ of vendor ​C
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components are defective. If a cell phone was chosen at random and the LCD screen was determined to
be defective, what is the probability that the LCD screen was produced by vendor ​A​?

In the space provided below, write the equation for Descriptive Stats, Inferential Stats, Categorical/
Qualitative Data, Numerical or Quantitative Data, Sampling, Mean, Median, Mode, Range, and Standard
Deviation. Create a small range of data and create a histogram as well as a frequency table that represents
that data set.

Section X: Fluid and Pneumatic:

1. A pneumatic system is producing 75 lb/in.​2​ of gauge pressure. A cylinder is needed to
press an adhesive label onto a product. It has been determined that 7 lb of force is optimal
to complete this task. What is the required area of the pneumatic cylinder?

2. A hydraulic press must be used to press-fit two components together in an assembly process. The
system must generate at least 1020 lbs of force to perform the press fit. The piston at the input
cylinder is pushed with a force of 215 lb and has an area of 35 in.​2​. The output can use up to 15
cylinders that are each 30 in.​2​. How many cylinders are needed? How many output cylinders
must be incorporated into the design?
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3. A hydraulic lift system utilizes two 4 in. diameter cylinders. Workers must determine how much
the system is capable of lifting before deciding how much weight can be lifted safely. The system
runs at a gauge pressure of 2100 lb/in.​2​. What is the area of each piston? How much is the
system capable of lifting?

4. A flow meter is attached in a hydraulic line that measures 12 gal/min. The line has an inside
diameter of 1.5 in. Find the flow velocity where the fluid passes the meter. What is the flow rate
measured in in3/min at the meter? What is the area of inside diameter of the line?

5. The gauge pressure of a pneumatic cylinder reads 18 lb/in.​2​ when the volume is 29 in.​3​.
The cylinder is compressed until the gauge reads 60 lb/in.​2​. Assume standard
atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi). What is the absolute pressure before and after the
cylinder gas is compressed?
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6. The air temperature in a 26 in.​3​ container with a free sliding piston is initially measured at 52 °F.
The temperature is raised to 185 °F. What is the new volume of the container? What is the
absolute temperature readings initially and after the temperature has been raised?

Section XI: You must know…

W=FxD, P=work/time

meters, minutes, force of newtons, rate of work in watts

design process

engineering technologist

how is hydrogen made and used

gear ratios

what causes human error

simple truss point C

R-values

conduction and convection

centroid locations

heat flow
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mechanical property

2nd class lever

Free Body Diagram

axial load equation

insulation and flexible properties

beam deflection

fluid power components

gauge pressure

IMA/ AMA

Flow rate

power equation

pneumatic vs hydraulic

mean, median, mode

Parts of Tensile testing graph

theoretical probability of tossing a coin 4 time, heads four times

kinematics

electrical output device

closed/ open loop system, analog/ digital, and pneumatic/ hydraulic system

moment of inertia

vectors

additive process and subtractive process

electrical circuits

velocity
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electrical sensors

absolute pressure

vex coding

decision matrix

defective probability

magnitude and direction

work equation

strain equation

ohms law