Teachers are responsible for juggling knowledge of where students are and where they need to

go; having insights into students' special needs and progress; choices of curricular activities and
materials; rules that govern children's participation; expectations from parents and communities; and
the norms and rules that govern them as teachers. The addition of technology further complicates the
equation and presents many new questions.

: (1) "From Instruction to Construction"; (2) "The Challenge of Instructional Change: Two Teachers'
Stories"; (3) "The Evolution of Instruction in Technology-Rich Classrooms"; (4) "Managing a Technology-
Rich Classroom"; (5) "Redefining Student and Teacher Roles"; (6) "Maintaining Student Engagement"; (7)
"Enhancing Innovation and Promoting Collegial Sharing: A Reciprocal Relationship"; (8) "Integrating
Technology into the Curriculum: An Exemplary Unit of Practice"; (9) "Creating an Alternative Context for
Teacher Learning"; (10) "Back to the Real World: Opportunities and Obstacles in Staff Development";
and (11) "Technology: One Tool Among Many." A methodological appendix and index are also included.
(Contains 127 references.) (Author/SWC)

http://hdl.handle.net/10125/40190

(1) "The Challenge and the Rewards"; (2) "Using Material and Method Frameworks for Literacy
Instruction: Getting Started"; (3) "Developing a Literacy Framework"; (4) "The Central Role of Children's
Literature"; (5) "Connecting Reading and Writing"; (6) "Emergent Literacy"; (7) "Decoding and the
Development of Literacy"; (8) "Vocabulary and Literacy"; (9) "Reading Comprehension: The Construction
of Meaning"; (10) "Content-Area Reading and Study Skills"; (11) "Supporting Literacy through
Assessment"; (12) "Including All Children in Your Literacy Program"; (13) "Classroom Organization"; and
(14) "Supporting Literacy with Computers and Related Technologies." Appendixes contain lists of
Newbery Medal winners and Caldecott Medal winners. (RS)

One of the major shifts in education today under the influence of information and communication
technologies (ICT) is that classrooms at all levels are becoming technology-rich learning environment.
ICT has provided new opportunities for delivering instruction in innovative ways. The chapter describes
an attempt to develop a technology-rich learning environment that delivers course materials to students
in a variety of formats. An indigenous CD-ROM was developed as a comprehensive resource to facilitate
learning the concepts and skills associated with classroom management. The CD-ROM was designed in a
web-enable format so that it could interface with video clips and multimedia materials that are relevant
to classroom management issues. Communication with the students was maintained through
Blackboard communication tools. The students also had opportunities to interaction on a face-to-face
basis with their peers and the tutors during tutorials. The students also have an opportunity to explore
the necessary information, make meanings and construct their own knowledge. This chapter describes
the application of the new technologies in delivering a teacher education module on classroom
management and the perception of students who participated in the experiment.

"Skills cannot be acquired through simply teaching facts but, instead, can be acquired by
providing the learner with an opportunity to interact with the content, define learning goals, and
explore new understandings through authentic, challenging tasks" (Isernhagen, 1999, 30). The
purpose of this study is to compare the affects that technology has on student achievement. More
specifically, the areas of inquiry include positive and negative affects on student achievement and the
various types of technology that can increase or decrease a student's ability to do work in the classroom.

21st century is called as “Information Age” that people tries to catch knowledge by the

facilities of technology.

A key feature of effective teaching is the selection of instructional materials that meet the needs
of students and fit the constraints of the teaching and learning environment.

To help students to learn effectively, schools and teachers should adopt a variety of approaches
as well as learning and teaching strategies for achieving different learning targets or objectives

What was I studying?

Why was this topic important to investigate?

What did we know about this topic before I did this study?

How will this study advance new knowledge or new ways of understanding?

 Casper, Catherine. "The Importance of Technology in Education." Slide Share.

9/18/10. (2/14/12). http://www.slideshare.net/emjoau/the-importance-of-
technology-in-education
 Clopton, Heather. "Nobody believes it's the quick-fix for America's K-12 ills."
WWW 4 Teachers. (2/14/12). http://www.4teachers.org/keynotes/roberts/
 Creativity Games. "Creative use of Technology in Education." 3/2/11. (2/14/12).
http://creativitygames.net/creative-thinking/129-creative-use-of-technology-in-
education
 Davis, Liz. B. "New York Times edtech article fails the test!" 9/4/11. (2/14/12).
http://edtechpower.blogspot.com/2011/09/new-york-times-edtech-article-
fails.html
 Department of Education. "Effects of Technology on Classrooms and Students."
1995. (2/14/12). http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/EdTech/index.html
 Duncan, Arne. "Using Technology to Transform Schools—Remarks by Secretary
Arne Duncan at the Association of American Publishers Annual Meeting." U.S.
Department of Education. 3/3/10. (2/14/12).
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schools%E2%80%94remarks-secretary-arne-duncan-association-american-
 Edutopia. "Why Integrate Technology into the Curriculum?: The Reasons Are
Many." 3/17/08. (2/14/12). http://www.edutopia.org/technology-integration-
introduction
 JES & Co. "Importance of Technology in Education - this Week's Topic on the
Gateway to 21st Century Skills." (2/14/12).
http://www.jesandco.org/component/content/article/96-importance-of-technology-
in-education-this-weeks-topic-on-the-gateway-to-21st-century-skills
 Lewin, Tamar. "If Your Kids Are Awake, They're Probably Online." 1/20/10.
(2/14/12). http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/20/education/20wired.html
 NewSchools.org. "Grading the New York Times on Education Technology."
1/4/12. (2/14/12). http://www.newschools.org/blog/grading-the-new-york-times-
on-education-technology
 Parker, Kim. "The Digital Revolution and Higher Education." Pew Research
Center. 8/28/11 (2/14/12). Richtel, Matt. "A Silicon Valley School That Doesn't
Compute." The New York Times. 10/22/11. (2/14/12).
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/23/technology/at-waldorf-school-in-silicon-
valley-technology-can-wait.html?pagewanted=all
 Richtel, Matt. "In Classroom of Future, Stagnant Scores - Grading the Digital
School." The New York Times. 9/3/11. (2/14/12).
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/04/technology/technology-in-schools-faces-
questions-on-value.html?pagewanted=all
 Sanders, Robert. "The "Imponderable Bloom": Reconsidering the Role of
Technology in Education." Innovate Online. 2006. (2/14/12).
http://innovateonline.info/pdf/vol2_issue6/The__Imponderable_Bloom_-
__Reconsidering_the_Role_of_Technology_in_Education.pdf
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logy%20in%20the%20classroom?filters=tid%3A328
 U.S. Department of Education. "National Education Technology Plan." 1/24/12.
(2/14/12). http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/index.html
The world is changing, and technology is driving much of that change. To be prepared,
children need to have a working understanding of current technologies and a high level
of confidence in their ability to master newer and more complex tools. That way, they'll
be in a better position to tackle practical challenges, and recognize the amazing
opportunities, they'll be fa Banathy, B. (1991). Systems Design of Education: A Journey to Create
the Future. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Educational Technology Publications.

D'Ignazio, F. (1993). “Electronic Highways and Classrooms of the Future.” In The Technology Age
Classroom, edited by T. Cannings and L. Finkle. Wilsonville, Ore.: Franklin, Beedle, and Associates.
Geiger, K. (February 1990). “Images of Potential.” Keynote address presented at the Annual Conference
of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Orlando, Fla.
Leonard, G. (1984). “The Great School Reform Hoax: What's Really Needed to Improve Public
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Naisbitt, J. (1982). Megatrends. New York: Warner Books.
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Research 19, 2: 117–131.

ced with in the years ahead.

.( Technology and It's Role in 21st Century Education) - EdTechReview ...edtechreview.in/trends-

insights/insights/277-role-of-technology-in-21st-century)
 21st century is called as “Information Age” that people tries to catch knowledge by the
facilities of technology. To create an effective 21st century classroom that meets the needs of the
students, a modern teacher must factor a student’s motivation to learn and the effects technology has
on inclusionary education. Department of Education. "Effects of Technology on Classrooms and
Students." 1995. (2/14/12). http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/EdTech/index.html In
“Technology in the Classroom: It’s Not a Matter of ‘If’ but ‘When’ and ‘How,” an article in Education
Digest by Alice Armstrong. It describes the new relationship best as, “ technology is transforming
students into explorers and teachers into guides.”
Educators are pressured to utilize technology the classroom because it will not only make their
teaching more effective, but it will also have a more valuable impact on student learning. According to
Man (2011), Reiser & Dick (1996) indicated that effective instruction is ―an instruction that enables
students to acquire specified skills, knowledge, and attitudes. A key feature of effective teaching is the
selection of instructional technology that meet the needs of students and fit the constraints of the
teaching and learning environment.
The importance of Instructional Materials or Educational resources is to improve students’
knowledge, abilities, and skills, to monitor their assimilation of information, and to contribute to their
overall development and upbringing. It also clarifies important concepts to arouse and sustain
student’s interests, give all students in a class the opportunity to share experiences necessary for
new learning, help make learning more permanent.
According to Casper ( 2012 ) Educational Technology is a way for teachers to deliver content to
students, different direct and face to face. In doing so, teachers will use mechanism of informational
technology to deliver educational materials. Casper, Catherine. "The Importance of Technology in
Education." Slide Share. 9/18/10. (2/14/12). http://www.slideshare.net/emjoau/the-importance-of-
technology-in-education
Traditional technologies according to Esguerra (2018) allowed teachers to visualize concepts for
learners .Later movement was added through motion pictures projected that teachers usually explaining
while showing the media and students were expected to listen or handle based instructions.
Teaching is a total package; it is true that teacher is the best instructional material because
teacher is the one who manage the classroom. As the saying goes “you are the captain of your mind and
the master of your soul” teacher is the captain of the classroom because of molding the minds of the
students to become competent and independent individuals when it comes to excellence. Master of the
classroom because of proving good feedback and developing the potential of the students through
nurturing their minds for the possibilities in life. Using strategies or techniques that are varied to make
teaching effective and meaningful is also a big factor for the students so that they can build confidence
and have mastery of the subject matter.

The teacher and his teaching approach play a great role in the learning of the student. It
depends upon the kind ofteaching for students to feel free and comfortable with the kind of strategy a
teacher portrays within the classroom.Many types of teaching strategies are being adapted byteachers
worldwide.
Teaching at any level requires that the students be exposed to some form of simulation.
Adekunle (2008) noted that teaching resources in social studies means anything that can assist the
teacher in promoting teaching and learning. When the students are given the chance to learn through
more senses than one, they can learn faster and easier. The use of instructional materials provides the
teacher with interesting and compelling platforms for conveying information since they motivate
learners to learn more.

Video based materials boost student creativity and cooperation. Access to video can help
motivate students and create a distinctive context for their learning experience. Based on a true story-
the incorporation of video in the classroom, it has allowed Broadmeadows students and teachers to
help in broadcasting school announcements, use pre- recorded classes to overcome teacher shortages
and influence Internet-based digital video to enhance self-directed learning (A. D. Greenberg, et al.,
2012) [4].
At a primary level there are so many children who get bored in the classrooms and some of
them even refuse to go to school. Most of them are highly intellectual and they feel boredom and
monotony in the class due to same usual teaching patterns of the teachers. These children sometimes
produce alarmingly poor results in the exams.
Video screen capture combines visual data and audio narration. Commonly known as
screencasting, with this tool, instructors can deliver a powerful dose of engaging feedback that students
can save and refer to as needed. Screencasts capture the content on your computer screen while you
narrate. They’re great tools for providing feedback, creating tutorials or showcasing student mastery.
Feedback provided during computer-based formative assessment activities can be highly
engaging. This is because students are receiving instant feedback throughout the learning activity. This
approach has become increasingly popular at all grade levels and within virtual learning environments.
Technology, in one form or another, has always been part of the teaching and learning
environment. Learning with technology has become essential in today’s schools.

Department of Education. "Effects of Technology on Classrooms and Students." 1995. (2/14/12).

http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/EdTech/index.html