Conic section (or simply conic) is a curve obtained as the intersection
of the surface of a cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are
the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse; the circle is a special case of
the ellipse, though historically it was sometimes called a fourth type.
Conic section with conic section directrix at , focus at ,
and eccentricity has Cartesian equation.
A parabola is the set of all points whose distance from a fixed point,
called the focus, is equal to the distance from a fixed line, called the
directrix. The point halfway between the focus and the directrix is called
the vertex of the parabola.
An ellipse is the set of all points for which the sum of the distances
from two fixed points (the foci) is constant. In the case of an ellipse,
there are two foci, and two directrices.
A hyperbola is the set of all points where the difference between their
distances from two fixed points (the foci) is constant. In the case of a
hyperbola, there are two foci and two directrices. Hyperbolas also have two
asymptotes.