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Indian Mathematicians and Their Contributions: Ramanujan

The document discusses several notable Indian mathematicians and their contributions, including Ramanujan, Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Shakuntala Devi, and Bhaskaracharya. Some of their key contributions were Ramanujan showing that any big number can be written as the sum of four or fewer prime numbers. Aryabhatta was the first to say that the Earth is spherical and revolves around the sun. Brahmagupta gave methods for multiplication and formulas for geometric progressions. Shakuntala Devi could perform complex calculations incredibly fast in her head. Bhaskaracharya first described dividing by zero as infinity and wrote about zero, surds, and permutations.

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1K views4 pages

Indian Mathematicians and Their Contributions: Ramanujan

The document discusses several notable Indian mathematicians and their contributions, including Ramanujan, Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta, Shakuntala Devi, and Bhaskaracharya. Some of their key contributions were Ramanujan showing that any big number can be written as the sum of four or fewer prime numbers. Aryabhatta was the first to say that the Earth is spherical and revolves around the sun. Brahmagupta gave methods for multiplication and formulas for geometric progressions. Shakuntala Devi could perform complex calculations incredibly fast in her head. Bhaskaracharya first described dividing by zero as infinity and wrote about zero, surds, and permutations.

Uploaded by

lalitarani_05
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Indian Mathematicians and Their

Contributions
RAMANUJAN

 He was born on 22na of December 1887 in a small village of Tanjore district,


Madras. He failed in English in Intermediate, so his formal studies were stopped
but his self-study of mathematics continued.
 He sent a set of 120 theorems to Professor Hardy of Cambridge. As a result he
invited Ramanujan to England.
 Ramanujan showed that any big number can be written as sum of not more than
four prime numbers.
 He showed that how to divide the number into two or more squares or cubes.
 when Mr Litlewood came to see Ramanujan in taxi number 1729, Ramanujan said
that 1729 is the smallest number which can be written in the form of sum of cubes
of two numbers in two ways, i.e. 1729 = 93 + 103 = 13 + 123 since then the number
1729 is called Ramanujan’s number.
 In the third century B.C, Archimedes noted that the ratio of circumference of a
circle to its diameter is constant. The ratio is now called ‘pi ( Π )’ (the 16th letter
in the Greek alphabet series)
 The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus
used numbers as big as 1053 with specific names as early as 5000 B.C. during the
Vedic period.

ARYABHATA
 Aryabhatta was born in 476A.D in Kusumpur, India.
 He was the first person to say that Earth is spherical and it revolves around the
sun.
 He gave the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab

 He taught the method of solving the following problems:

BRAHMAGUPTA

 Brahma Gupta was born in 598A.D in Pakistan.


 He gave four methods of multiplication.

 He gave the following formula, used in G.P series


a + ar + ar2 + ar3 +……….. + arn-1 = (arn-1) ÷ (r – 1)

 He gave the following formulae :

Area of a cyclic quadrilateral with side a, b, c, d= √(s -a)(s- b)(s -c)(s- d) where 2s = a + b
+ c + d Length of its diagonals =

SHAKUNTALA DEVI

 She was born in 1939


 In 1980, she gave the product of two, thirteen digit numbers within 28 seconds,
many countries have invited her to demonstrate her extraordinary talent.
 In Dallas she competed with a computer to see who give the cube root of
188138517 faster, she won. At university of USA she was asked to give the
23rd root of
916748676920039158098660927585380162483106680144308622407126516427
93465704086709659
327920576748080679002278301635492485238033574531693511190359657754
73400756818688305 620821016129132845564895780158806771.

She answered in 50seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC 1108


computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after it was fed
with 13000 instructions.

 Now she is known to be Human Computer.

BHASKARACHARYA
 He was born in a village of Mysore district.
 He was the first to give that any number divided by 0 gives infinity (00).
 He has written a lot about zero, surds, permutation and combination.
 He wrote, “The hundredth part of the circumference of a circle seems to be
straight. Our earth is a big sphere and that’s why it appears to be flat.”
 He gave the formulae like sin(A ± B) = sinA.cosB ± cosA.sinB

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