CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________

DESIGN OF FOOTING
Isolated Footing 6

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1

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 350.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1400.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1400.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A

Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.500 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 20.700 N/mm2 Page |
2
Yield Strength of Steel : 275.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 200.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : Drained

Unit Weight : 18.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 0.000 m
Cohesion : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500
------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.400 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.400 m

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
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3 DL + LL 3
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
3 DL + LL
Applied Loads - Service Stress Level
Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
3 341.638 -2.196 5.840 3.649 1.267

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
3 341.638 -2.196 5.840 3.649 1.267

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao =Lo X Wo = 1.960 m2
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin =P / qmax = 3.578 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.000 m Governing Load Case : #3

Width (W2) = 2.000 m Governing Load Case : #3
Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : #3
Area (A2) = 4.000 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

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CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

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4

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing in

Load Case corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4) uplift (Au)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313 0.000
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313 0.000
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313 0.000
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift,
areas of negative pressure will be set to zero and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313
3 90.8912 87.8373 96.3773 99.4313

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning
Load
Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z- Page |
Case
Direction Direction Direction Direction
No. 5

3 85.267 32.064 65.785 183.960

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.196 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 187.269 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 85.267
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.693 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 374.530 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 65.785

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 3

Governing Disturbing Force : 5.840 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 187.269 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 32.064
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 3
Governing Overturning Moment : 2.036 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 374.530 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 183.960

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

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6

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective D - Ccover - 0.275 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar
Depth, deff = 1.0 = m dia(US Convention).
For rectangular column,
Bcol / Dcol = 1.000
=

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 302.770 kN, Load Case # 3

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.698 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1679.586 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1699.340 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 1119.724 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 839.793 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

Page |
7

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 414.959 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dx

1.475 m
=

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the
face of the column caused by bending about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 311.219 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 3 93.057 kN
0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 414.959 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from
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the face of the column caused by bending about the Z axis.
8
From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 311.219 kN
Critical load case for Vuz is # 3 90.931 kN
0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A,
as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03729

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02797

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.629

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
TIN:
PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at a 0.800 m
distance, Dx =
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Ultimate moment, 55.378 kNm
9
Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 61.531 kNm

Required = 0.00150

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 824.502 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 50.000 mm
Selected spacing (S) = 200.000 mm
Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...
The reinforcement is accepted.
According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 5080.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL = 0.750 m

Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) = 0.292 m Page |
10
Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00310

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 200.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A,
as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 3

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
TIN:
PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Design for
flexure
about X
axis is
performed
at the Page |
m
face of 11
the
column at
a
distance,
Dz =
Ultimate
kNm
moment,
Nominal
moment
kNm
capacity,
Mn =

Required
=

Since
Area of mm2
Steel
Required,
As =
Selected Bar Size = #16
Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm
Selected spacing (S) = 200.000 mm
Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...
The reinforcement is accepted.
According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 5080.000 mm o.c.

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
TIN:
PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL = 0.750 m

Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2 Page |
12
Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) = 0.268 m

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00338

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 200.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge
loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment
calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift
load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
TIN:
PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING
From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03729

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02797

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

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From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.629 13

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.800 m
a distance, Dx =
Ultimate moment, 5.264 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.849 kNm

Required = 0.00016

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 724.080 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm
Selected spacing (S) = 200.000 mm
Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...
The reinforcement is accepted.
According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 200 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required
Page |
The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi 14

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03729

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02797

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.629

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.800 m
a distance, Dx =
Ultimate moment, 5.264 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 5.849 kNm

Required = 0.00014

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 768.880 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm
Selected spacing (S) = 200.000 mm
Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...
The reinforcement is accepted.
According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

PRC NO:
TIN:
PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO STOREY SIX CLASSROOM SCHOOL BUILDING AT ____________
DESIGN OF FOOTING

Safe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

Page |
#16 @ 200 mm o.c. 15

PREPARED BY : ENGR. SHERMAN R. CANGCO

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PTR NO: ________________ ISSUED ON: ___________________ ISSUED AT: ____________________