University of Perpetual Help System Laguna

Isabela Campus

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND EDUCATION

Minante Uno, Cauayan City, Isabela 3305

PHE103 FUNDAMENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS

PRELIM

Play – refers to activities engaged in freely amusement. Play emphasizes the joy of participation.

Games – are contest in which outcome is determined by strategy, skill or chance.

Sports – an institutionalized competitive activity that involves vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex
physical skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
- An organized competitive activity governed by rules which may be categorized as individuals, dual or team
sports. It provides meaningful opportunities to demonstrate ones competence and to challenge ones limits.

TYPES OF GAMES:

PARTY GAMES TABLETOP GAMES VIDEO GAMES OTHER TYPES OF

 Conversation games  Board games  Arcade games GAMES:
 Daring games  Card games  Computer games  Chance games
 Drinking games  Dice games  Console games  Educational games
 Guessing games  Miniature games  Handheld console games  Letter games
 Pub games  Pencil-and-paper games  Handheld electronic  Play-by-mail
 Singing games  Tile-based games game games
 Wedding games  Role-playing games  Mobile games  Play-by-post
 Power games  Carrom Boards games
 Strategy games  Multiplayer games
 Deck building games  Mathematical
 German-style board games
games  Parlor games
 Thematic games  Pervasive games
 Cooperative games
 Locative games
 Playground games
 Puzzles
 Outdoor games
 Lawn games
 Skill games
 Redemption games
 Quizzes
 War games
 Cleaning games
 Word games
 Street games
 Travel games

PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)

AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT
 TYPES OF SPORTS:

Adventure Sports Aquatic Sports Strength and Agility Ball Sports

 kayaking  Snorkelling Sports
 bobsleigh  olympic swimming  aerobics  Baseball
 canoeing  bodyboarding  aikido  Basketball
 cross-country skiing  diving  archery  tennis
 rafting  freediving  artistic gymnastics  badminton
 skeleton  paddleboarding  baton twirling  bowling
 skibobbing  rowing  bodybuilding  cricket
 surfing  scuba diving  boxing  curling
 synchronized swimming  cross-country  dodgeball
equestrianism  football
 cross-country running  golf
 cycling  handball
 discus throw  hockey
 equestrianism  horseball
 fencing  hurling
 figure skating  ice hockey
 horse racing  kickball
 judo  lacrosse
 karate  paddle
 kendo  polo
 kickboxing  racquetball
 kung fu  rinkball
 long jump  rounders
 marathon  rugby
 mixed martial arts  soccer
 Muay Thai  softball
 pole vault  squash
 powerlifting  table tennis
 racewalking  unicycling
 rhythmic gymnastics basketball
 sprint  unicycling
 sumo handball
 sword-fighting  unicycling
 trail running hockey
 trampolining  volleyball
 tumbling  water polo
 ultimate
 walking
 weightlifting
 wrestling

THE 7 SKILLS STEPS OF PERFORMANCE PRACTICE:

Sports Skills Step 1:

Perform the Skill. This is the first, and unfortunately for most athletes, the last step in their skills learning program. Coaches come up
with a drill; athletes copy it, try it, and learn it.
Sports Skills Step 2:
Perform the Skill very well. Skills mastery comes from regular practice combined with quality feedback from coaches and may
incorporate the use of video and other performance analysis technologies – including the best one of all…the coach’s eye! It is about
here that most coaches stop coaching the skill, believing that if the athlete can perform the skill really well, and it looks like it does in
the coaching textbooks then they have done their job.Wrong.The job is not even 30% complete.
Sports Skills Step 3:
Perform the Skill very well and at speed. Name one sport where the ability to perform sports skills really slow is a winning strategy!
Technical perfection at slow speed may look great for the text books, but unless the skill can withstand competition level speed (and
included in that is competition accelerations, competition agility requirements and competition explosiveness) then it is not
competition ready.Looking technically perfect at slow speed is great for the cameras but it is even better for your opposition who will
have run around you and scored while you are receiving accolades for winning the “best-skills execution” competition.
Sports Skills Step 4:
Perform the Skill very well, at speed and under fatigue. Think of the “danger zones” in all competition sport. The last 20 metres of a
100 metres freestyle. The last 5 minutes before half time in football. The last play in the game. Many, many competitions come down
to the quality of skills execution during the last 5% of time and being able to perform fundamental skills when tired, dehydrated,
glycogen depleted and suffering from neuro-muscular fatigue is a winning edge in all sports.
Sports Skills Step 5:
Perform the Skill very well, at speed, under fatigue and under pressure. How many times do you see athletes miss simple targets
or drop balls or make errors at critical moments – “danger-zones” in competitions? There is no doubt that emotional stress and mental
pressure impact on the ability of athletes to perform skills with quality and accuracy. But….this is a coaching issue. Incorporate the
element of pressure in skills practices in training and ensure that training is more challenging and more demandingthan the
competition environment you are preparing for.
PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)
AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT
Sports Skills Step 6:
Perform the Skill very well, at speed, under fatigue and under pressure consistently. Being able to perform the skill under
competition conditions once could be luck, but being able to do it consistently under competition conditions is the sign of a real
champion. Consistency in skills execution in competition comes from consistency of training standards. Adopting a “no-
compromise” approach to the quality of skills execution at training is a sure way to develop a consistent quality of skills execution in
competition conditions. Unfortunately many athletes have two brains:
 Training brain– the “brain” they use in training and preparation. This “brain” accepts laziness, inaccuracy, sloppiness and
poor skills execution believing that “it will be OK on the day” and everything will somehow magically be right at the
competition;
 Competition brain – the “brain” they use in competition.
The secret to competition success is to use “competition brain” in every training session.
Sports Skills Step 7:
Perform the Skill very well, at speed, under fatigue and under pressure consistently in competition conditions. This is what it is
all about. The real factor in what makes a champion athlete is their capacity to perform consistently in competition conditions.
Performing a basic skill well is not difficult. But add the fatigue of 75 minutes of competition, the pressure of knowing the whole
season is on the line with one kick, the expectations of the Board, the coach, the management, team-mates and tens of thousands of
fans and all of sudden that basic skill is not so basic: it becomes the equivalent of juggling six sticks of dynamite.
Summary:
1. Just learning and mastering sports skills is not enough: it is no longer “Practice Makes Perfect” or “Perfect Practice Makes
Perfect”;
2. Coaches and athletes must spend as much time, energy and effort learning to perform the fundamental skills of their sport in
competition conditions as they do to learning and mastering the basic skill;
3. Coaches should progress athletes systematically through the 7 skills steps to ensure they can perform fundamental sports
skills in competition conditions: to do less is to rely on luck, the bounce of the ball and some good fortune – none of which
are strategies for consistent success.

FUNDAMENTAL SPORTS SKILLS

Fundamental sport skills are the generic technical skills required to effectively participate in all five sport and physical activity
categories. The technical skills do not have sport-specific intricacies and remain generic to all sports that come within a category.

Fundamental sports skills include:

invasion  Teamwork
 decision making
 spacial awareness
 tactics
links to sport like rugby, football & hockey
striking and fielding  communication
 travelling
 striking sending
 receiving
 links to sports like cricket, baseball & rounders
net-wall  volley
 bounce
 over a barrier
 spins
 tactics
 recovery
 links to sports like squash. tennis. volleyball & table tennis
athletics  starting
 jumping
 running
 power
 strength
 flexibility
 links to sports like track and field

FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS (FMS)

Fundamental movement skills are a specific set of skills that involve different body parts such as feet, legs, trunk, head, arms and
hands. These skills are the “building blocks” for more complex and specialised skills that kids will need throughout their lives to
competently participate in different games, sports and recreational activities.

PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)

AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT
 THE CATEGORIES OF FMS
Fundamental movement skills categories include:

Balance skills - Movements where the body remains in place, but moves around its horizontal and vertical axes.
 Three year old children can walk along a wide balance board
 Four year old children can walk part way along a narrow beam
 Five year old children can walk the length of a narrow beam

Locomotor skills - such as running, jumping, hopping, and galloping.

Locomotor skills PDF

Ball skills - such as catching, throwing, kicking, underarm roll and striking.
Ball skills PDF

Skill development by age

Between the ages of three and five years, children are starting to develop their fundamental movement skills (FMS) and enjoy a wide
variety of activities.

Three-year olds: Developmentally, three-year olds are still developing the basic skills required for play. They’re able to perform the
following FMS:
 Climb jungle gyms and ladders
 Run on toes
 Balance on one leg for a short time
 Kick a ball from a standing position.

Four-year olds: Four-year olds are developing quickly and learn a lot from their experiences and their play environment. They’re able
to perform the following FMS:
 Gallop
 Hop forward
 Do lame duck skip (only one foot "skips")
 Throw a ball 3.5 metres overhand
 Kick a large rolling ball.

Five-year olds: Five-year olds begin to display a variety of styles of play, including copying others, creative play, and making up their
own games or activities. They’re able to perform the following:
 Run through an obstacle course avoiding objects
 Skip forward
 Maintain balance on a moveable platform
 Throw a ball with direction and force.

FUNDAMENTAL MOTOR SKILLS AND SPORTS SPECIFIC SKILLS

Motor development
What are Fundamental Motor Skills?
Fundamental motor skills are movements that have specific observable patterns. They include:
 Locomotor skills such as running, jumping, hopping, galloping, rolling, leaping and dodging, horizontal jump, slide.
 Manipulative skills such as throwing, catching, kicking, striking and trapping, dribble, overhand throw, and underhand roll
 Stability skills such as balance, twisting, turning and bending
Fundamental Sports Skills
There are four building blocks which are fundamentally essential for all sports. By introducing and developing these components
participants will have the skills and understanding which will kick start their life long sporting journey.
Throw and Catch
This module develops a wide variety of throwing, rolling & bouncing activities using a variety of developmentally appropriate balls
and equipment designed to challenge and stimulate the children’s coordination. Activities and session plans are designed to improve
confidence in all areas of children’s throwing and catching abilities.
Balance and Control
Here children focus on activities to build balance and control in a number of uniquely designed activities designed to stimulate the
vestibular system.
They will practice skills such as balancing on beams, manipulating their way through tunnels & using numerous different obstacles to
improve spatial awareness, depth perception, awareness of others, their environment, balance and coordination.
Our aim is to build confidence and develop skills that will form the foundation for future success.
PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)
AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT
Movement and Coordination
Learning correct movement patterns and techniques are vitally important for future success. In this unit children will combine
aspects from the other three units to build and develop fundamental movement patterns and suitable actions for performing sports
related tasks.
Children will build confidence in areas such as running, walking, skipping, jumping, bouncing, crawling and even dancing.

Using External Objects

Children explore different activities using objects that are external from the body. We incorporate a number of common sporting
apparatus such as tennis racquets, hockey sticks, T-ball and large balls.
This module aims to build confidence in using this equipment by developing perception skills such as tracking, speed/timing, depth
and hand-eye coordination. The understanding and ability to perform these skills and techniques are required in all sports where
striking is required (tennis, golf, cricket, football etc).

Personal Growth
The FUNdamental Sport Skills program is holistic in nature and designed to enhance children’s personal growth and development.
Physical learning outcomes from participating in the programme include:
 Improved fitness
 Strength
 Balance
 Endurance
 Speed
 Spatial & Sensory awareness
 Gross & Fine Motor Skills
Social and emotional, mental and cognitive learning outcomes are:
 Increased confidence and self believe
 Cooperative skills
 Develop problem solving skills
 Develop life-long habits and a love of sportThere are four building blocks which are fundamentally essential for all sports. By
introducing and developing these components participants will have the skills and understanding which will kick start their life
long sporting journey.

TRADITIONAL FILIPINO GAMES

1. TUMBANG PRESO
is a native game of the Philippines that’s a favorite of Filipino children. The word tumba means “to fall” and preso means
“prisoner.”
Tumbang preso is a street game that originated in the Philippines and it has elements of both dodgeball and tag, and it teaches
children strategic thinking.

1. What are the equipment needed?

The equipment needed are tin can & flip flops/ slippers
2. What are the elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game?
The element of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game is speed.
3. How do you play this game?
 The game is played by placing the can in the designated spot, usually at the center where the “it” has to stand near
the can.
 The rest of the players has to hit the can with the slipper a few feet away.
 When the can is hit the “it” has to run after and tag the other players.
4. What is the purpose or the goal of this game?
The game has two goals designated accordingly among the players and the “it”. The it has to keep the can standing in the spot
where it has to be. While the other players’ goal is to hit the tin can.
5. What are the tips you can give to win this game?
Tips: run fast, use the right flip flops, not too light, not too heavy, practice your aim, react fast

2. PATINTERO
also called Tinubigan, Patubig or Lantay-lantay, is a popular street game among Pinoys. It is considered to be best played and
enjoyed at night especially when the moon is full.

1. What are the equipment needed?

You don’t need any equipment to play this game but you can use a chalk to draw a line on the ground.
2. What are the elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game?
The elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game are speed and agility.
3. How do you play this game?
PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)
AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT
 How to play Patintero:
(optional) Draw lines like (A. For 3 players each team, B. For 4 players each team)

 Winning the toss entitles the players on that team to be the attackers or runners.
 The defense or taggers stand on lines 1, 2, and 3. Number 1 can go anywhere to tag the runners.
 The objective of the attackers or runners is to get through all the lines (1, 2, 3) back and forth without being tagged.
 Defense or Taggers 1 and 2 tag the runners as they cross their lines or as they get near them.
 As soon as one of the runners crosses line 3, he returns to line 1 and calls out, “Tubig!” This means a point is scored
in favor of his team. The team which scores three consecutive points is the winner, and will be the runners of the
next game.
4. What is the purpose or the goal of this game?
The goal of the defense or taggers is to not let the attackers or runners pass through. The goal of the attackers or runners is to pass
through all of the lines without getting tagged.
5. What are the tips you can give to win this game?
The tip I could give is to be fast and confuse the opponent by going in different directions.

3. AGAWAN BASE
is a form of tag similar to capture the flag but without flag.
1. What are the equipment needed?
For Agawan Base, you’ll be needing two base markers like slippers, chairs or trees.
2. What are the elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game?
The elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game is speed and agility.
3. How do you play this game?
How to play Agawan Base:
 There will be 2 bases. Each base has equal members.
 Mark your base with the base markers
 Assign a member to guard your base. Other members may run outside their base to capture the opponents or to steal the
opponent’s base.
 To capture the opponents, you must tag them.
 The captured opponent will be the other team’s prisoner. He or she must stand in the captor’s base until his or her teammates
tagged him or her to be saved.
 To steal the base of the opponent and win, you must touch their base.
4.What is the purpose or the goal of this game?
The first goal of this game is to steal the opponents’ base and the second goal is to capture the opponent’s base. This is to test
your speed, agility and strategy.
5.What are the tips you can give to win this game?
A tip I could give is to have a strategy for your team. For example, capture the weakest links or slow runners of the opponent
team. You should run fast. also, you should watch the opponents’ every move.

4. LUKSONG BAKA
is a traditional Filipino game that originated from Bulacan, it involves the players jumping over the person called the “Baka”.
1. What are the equipment needed?
You will not need any equipment for Luksong baka.
2. What are the elements of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game?
The element of health-related and skill-related fitness required for this game is power.
3. How do you play this game?
How to play Luksong Baka:
 At the start of the game there should be one player that should be called “Taya” (It’) or in this game the “Bakang lala” (Cow).
 The players should avoid contact or falling over the “Baka” player while jumping over.
 The “Baka” player should start with a bend-down kneeling
 position (A “Baka” player bends over with his hands placed on his knees).
 All players are to jump over the “Baka” until all the players have jumped. Once the 1st set of jumping over the “Baka” is
done, the “Baka” player’s position will slowly rise-up after jumping over the “Baka” player.
 Only the hands of the jumper may touch the back of the person who is bent over. If a player fails to avoid contact or fall over
the “Baka”, he/she will replace the “Baka” player with a bend-down kneeling position (3), and the game continues until the
all players decides to end the game.
4. What is the purpose or the goal of this game?
The main goal of the players is to successfully jump over the “Baka” without touching or falling over him/her. That means
the player should jump very high which will test his power.
5. What are the tips you can give to win this game?
The tips I can give are have a good take off, keep your arms firm as you lean, and jump high

PHE 103 (FUNDENTAL OF GAMES AND SPORTS)

AR-JAY G. CADIENTE, LPT JADE MARK PASCUA, LPT