NFPA 654
Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing,
Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids
2013 Edition
Annex A:
A.3.3.5
…….Any time a combustible dust is processed or handled, a
potential for deflagration exists. The degree of deflagration
hazard varies, depending on the type of combustible dust and
the processing methods used.
A dust deflagration has the following four requirements:
(1) Combustible dust
(2) Dust dispersion in air or other oxidant
(3) Sufficient concentration at or exceeding the minimum
explosible concentration (MEC)
(4) Sufficiently powerful ignition source such as an electrostatic
discharge, an electric current arc, a glowing ember,
a hot surface, welding slag, frictional heat, or a flame
If the deflagration is confined and produces a pressure sufficient
to rupture the confining enclosure, the event is, by
definition, an “explosion.