GI TECHNOLOGIES
&
THEIR APPLICATIONS
Geographic Information Technologies
Data Collection
Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
Remote Sensing (RS)
Data Integration
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS (GPS)
Handheld GPS
NOMAD series (1-3m)
Trimble GeoXT series
(Sub-meter accuracy)
Trimble GeoXH series
(Decimeter accuracy)
Smart phone
(> 4m) Trimble Juno series
(2-5m)
Varying GPS accuracies
Handheld GPS Performance
Asset management Data collection
• Inspect ion Location and Precision
• Keep data up to date
Geo 6000
Geo 5 series
series
Geo 3000
Juno 5 series
series
Juno 3 series
Remember that here is no substitute for data confidence
Remote Sensing Technology
GIS draws from
• Cartography, - science (and art) of map-making
• Remote Sensing - Earth observation from space
• Geodesy - accurate measurement of the Earth
• Surveying - accurate measurement of features on the Earth
• Global Positioning System
• Photogrammetry - measurement from photographs and images
• Image Processing - analysis of image data
• Printing Technology
• Computer Science – software and hardware
• Database Management
• Spatial Statistics – AND willingness to venture into the unknown
7
What Can GIS Do for You?
GIS
Expands your Insights
A Powerful Learning Tool
Information Integration Tool for Problem Solving
Land Use
Legal
Other Environmental
GIS Sixth Part
People APPLICATIONS
Hardware Data
GIS
Software Procedures
GIS Application Areas
Teaching and Research Cartographic Production
Engineering and Surveying Geologic Mapping
Environmental Analysis Public Safety (Crime mapping)
Archeology
Water Resources
Oil and Gas Exploration
Transportation
Planning and Zoning
Demographic Analysis
Forest Resource Inventory
GIS for Engineering and
Surveying
GIS allows Civil Engineers and Surveyors to manage, share data and turn
it into easily understood reports and visualizations that can be analyzed
and communicated to others.
What GIS Technology can do…
GIS Technology enhances workflows in:
• Project Management
• Analysis and design
It provides the tools for :
• Creating,
• Managing,
• Analyzing and
• Visualizing the data associated with developing and managing
infrastructure.
GIS Technology can be used in…
• Design process
• Field Data Collection and Editing
• Data Analysis, modelling & Visualisation
• Data Sharing and access
• Project team Coordination
• Effective Decision making.
GIS for Engineering/Surveying
• Calculating topography
• Terrain from DEM,
• Contour profiling
• Topographical engineering,
• Calculating Voids, Volumes,
• Water flows and marking control points
Surveying - Data Collection
ArcGIS has specific functions to collect precise site data used
for pre-
pre-design analysis
analysis;; design
design;; and calculations including:
including:
• Location,
• Topography,
• Sensitive environmental areas,
• Other site specific design-grade data.
ENVIRONMENTAL
APPLICATIONS
Spatial Analysis
Suitability
Analysis
How do we combine these datasets?
Surface Terrain Watersheds Streams Water bodies
An integrated raster-vector
Overlaying database
Buffering
Creation of an area of interest around an object
MapInfo
Road Corridor Visibility Analysis Model Output
Hot Spot Mapping
Other Applications
GIS for Archaeology
• Spatial analysis of carbon dating results
• Mapping historical sites, trends and
patterns
• Mapping and evolution of species or rock
formations
ENGINEERING - Environmental Analysis
GIS contains high-level planning functions for:
• Site location including environmental impact mitigation,
• Alternative citing analysis,
• Routing utilities,
• What-if scenarios,
• Visualization of concept options,
• Data overlay,
• Modelling
• Benefit/cost alternatives analysis.
GIS for Agriculture/Environment
• EIA
• Precision Agriculture,
• Measuring/Mapping water table for agriculture,
• Measuring Forest cover for Environment
