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Acetic Acid + Water Fractionation

The document describes the fractional distillation of a mixture of acetic acid and water. It provides data on the boiling points, molecular weights, and weight percentages of the components in the feed, distillate, and bottoms. Using vapor-liquid equilibrium data and bubble point calculations, it determines that 15 distillation stages are needed with a reflux ratio of 4:1 and a packed column height of 6 meters to separate the mixture with a purity of 99.995% acetic acid in the bottoms and 20% acetic acid in the distillate.

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80 views5 pages

Acetic Acid + Water Fractionation

The document describes the fractional distillation of a mixture of acetic acid and water. It provides data on the boiling points, molecular weights, and weight percentages of the components in the feed, distillate, and bottoms. Using vapor-liquid equilibrium data and bubble point calculations, it determines that 15 distillation stages are needed with a reflux ratio of 4:1 and a packed column height of 6 meters to separate the mixture with a purity of 99.995% acetic acid in the bottoms and 20% acetic acid in the distillate.

Uploaded by

prathmesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Acetic Acid - Water Fractionation Distillation

M.W. Of Acetic Acid, Heavier 60 gm/mol Boiling Pt. 118.1 °C


M.W. Of water, Lighter 18 gm/mol Boiling Pt. 100 °C
Wt % M.W. M.R. Mole %
XD, Top Acetic Acid 20 60 0.33 0.070
Water 80 18.02 4.44 0.9302
Total 4.77

Wt % M.W. M.R. Mole %


XW, Bottom Acetic Acid 99.995 60 1.67 1.000
Water 0.005 18.02 0.00 0.000166
Total 1.67

Wt % M.W. M.R. Mole %


XF, Feed Acetic Acid 80 60 1.33 0.546
Water 20 18.02 1.11 0.4543
Total 2.44

Antoine Co-Efficient Value


A- Water B- Acetic Acid
A 8.07131 7.557 P= 10(A-B/C+T)
B 1730.63 1644.05
C 233.426 233.524

VLE- Data of System


Operating Pressure, mmHg Abs 760
XA Water = (P- YA Water= Relative Volatility =
TEMP. PA, mmhg PB, mmhg Pb)/(Pa-Pb) (Pa/P)*Xa Pa/Pb
118 1401.90 758.72 0.0020 0.0037 1.848
117 1357.26 735.76 0.0390 0.0697 1.845
116 1313.80 713.37 0.0777 0.1342 1.842
115 1271.50 691.55 0.1180 0.1975 1.839
114 1230.32 670.27 0.1602 0.2594 1.836
113 1190.25 649.52 0.2043 0.3200 1.833
112 1151.27 629.31 0.2504 0.3793 1.829
111 1113.35 609.61 0.2985 0.4373 1.826
110 1076.47 590.42 0.3489 0.4942 1.823
108 1005.73 553.52 0.4566 0.6042 1.817
107 971.83 535.80 0.5142 0.6575 1.814
106 938.89 518.54 0.5744 0.7096 1.811
105 906.88 501.74 0.6375 0.7607 1.807
104 875.78 485.39 0.7034 0.8106 1.804
103 845.57 469.48 0.7725 0.8595 1.801
102 816.23 454.00 0.8448 0.9073 1.798
100 760.09 424.30 0.9997 0.9999 1.791

Feed Temprature 30 °C
From VLE Data/ T-x-y Data Bubble point of Feed can be determined.
t=Bubble point temp. of Feed when X=Xf

t, Bubble Point Temp. 105 °C


λ, Water @ 105 °C 40392 Kj/ kmol
λ, A.A @ 105 °C 20096 Kj/ kmol
Specific Heat 67.5 °C
Cpw 75.36 Kj/kmol °C
CpA.A 131.88 Kj/kmol °C
Avg. Latent Heat Feed 29315.87 Kj/ kmol
Mean Specific Heat 106.20 Kj/kmol °C
q, Thermal cond. of Feed 1.27

Equation of q line
q/q-1 4.680
Xf/q-1 1.672
y=4.68x-1.672
Value of y when X=Xf from VLE Data
y 0.6042
Put y=0.6042 in q-line equation to get x
x 0.4863
q line passes via (0.4863,0.6042)
Find intercept on y axis
xd/Rm+1 0.304
Rm 2.060
R= 2Rm 4.12
xd/R+1 0.1817
Draw line from xd keeping intercept 0.1817 on y axis till xw
Total nos. of Stages 15 From graph
Calculation of Reflux ratio , No. of stages & packing Height
As per graph intercept 0.304
Rm, xd/R+1 2.06
Rm using Underwood 2.30
R= 2Rm 4.12
Oeprating Reflux Ratio 4:1
q, Thermal cond. of Feed 1.0
Installed Structred Packing Type 7.5 L which gives 0.3 HETP as per Fine pack
No of Stages 15.0
HETP, packing 0.3
Height 4.5 m
20% Excess 5.4 m
Say 6.0 m
1.0000
X-Y Diagram of Water- Acetic Acid

0.9000

0.8000

0.7000
MOLE FRACTION OF WATER IN VAPOUR

0.6000

0.5000

0.4000

0.3000
Xd/Rm+1

0.2000
0.2000

0.1000

0.0000
0.0000 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000 0.6000 0.7000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000
Xf Xd
Xw
MOLE FRACTION OF WATER IN LIQUID

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