HISTORY OF PUNE

A city that comes together in diversity and versatility, offering up

sounds, tastes and sights of a wide palate, Pune is the seventh biggest
city in India and the largest city in the State of Maharashtra.“PUNE
HISTORY” is a topic that has always attracted eminent scholars, great
historians and the history students.

The history of Pune as a civilization dates back to sometime in the

6th century AD. The earliest evidence of the city can be found in Copper
coins that date back to 758 AD – 768 AD, which belonged to an
agricultural settlement known as Punaka Vishaya and Punya Vishaya. It
is known that the Rashtrakutas ruled the region, which is currently
Pune, at that time. Copper plates that date back to 960 AD identify the
region as Punaka Wadi and in 963 AD, Punaka Desha.

In the latter part of the 9th Century, the region was ruled by the Seuna
Yadava Dynasty. Maratha culture originates from the Yadava Culture.
The Yadavas were the starting point in everything Marathi. Historian
Digambar Balkrishna Mokash claims that the Yadavas seemed to be the
first true Maratha Empire. The Seunas lost their territory to
the Khalji Empire in the early 1300s.
Rulers of different dynasties have ruled Pune. Evidence found as
copper plates of 758 AD and of 768 AD reveal that the Rashtrakootas
ruled this region at that time. The Pune Gazetteer explains the term
Pune as Punya - a holy place. Pune was ruled by the Yadava dynasty
after the Rashtrakootas. Mughal rulers then ruled the city till the
middle of the seventeenth century.

Pune became popular with the rise of Maratha ruler Shivaji. He spent
his early childhood in Pune at Lal Mahal, a palace built by his father
Shahaji, where Shivaji's mother Jijabai lived for a decade. Aurangazeb's
uncle, Shahistekhan was defeated at Lal Mahal by Shivaji.

Aurangazeb named Pune as Muhiyabad after the death of Shivaji in

1680. Pune again gained importance during the period of the second
Peshwa Thorala (senior) Bajirao who ruled from 1720 to 1740. The
palace of the Peshwas - Shaniwarwada was built during his time.
Different Peshwas constructed various monuments.

Nanasaheb Peshwa succeeded Thorala Bajirao Peshwa and ruled the

Maratha kingdom from 1740 to 1761. He checked the aggressions of
the Nizam and maintained peace. Nanasaheb Peshwa emphasized in
urbanizing the Pune city and encouraged setting up of peths or wards in
Pune. Nanasaheb Peshwa constructed Parvati Temple complex, which
is known to be the pride of the Pune city.

British defeated the Marathas in 1818 and established the

administration in this region. Pune and Delhi were the only centres of
power during this century. Pune has been recognized as a seat of
learning and the Deccan College (1851) led the educational movement
in Pune. The Pune-Mumbai rail track and the Khadakwasla Dam were
constructed in 1857. Later many colleges were established gradually,
the Deccan college, the college of Engineering and the Ferguson
college. In 1857, the offices of the Department of Meteorology were
shifted from Simla to Pune. The first Textile Mill was built in 1893 by
Raja Bahadur Motilal Pittie. These are the things which makes Pune
different from other city.
 PUNE UNIVERSITY

The University stands for humanism and tolerance, for reason, for
adventure of ideas and for the search of truth. It stands for the forward
march of the human race towards even higher objectives. If the
universities discharge their duties adequately then it is well with the
nation and the people.

These words of Jawaharlal Nehru embody in them the guiding principle

of Savitribai Phule Pune University. Established in 1948, the University
has since become one of the leading centers for research and teaching
in the country. The 400 acre campus is located in the North Western
part of Pune. The placid environs and state of the art facilities provide
it's numerous students with an ideal atmosphere to pursue research in
various areas of Science, Arts, Commerce and Languages. The
University houses 40 departments which provide a wide array of
academic programs. Though a young centre, the University has made a
significant impact in various areas of research and teaching, and
continues to strive for excellence.
The Savitribai Phule Pune University (formerly known as University of
Poona) was established under the Poona University Act, passed by the
Bombay Legislature on 10th February, 1948. In the same year, Dr. M. R.
Jayakar assumed office as the first vice chancellor of the University.

Shri B.G.Kher, Chief Minister and Education Minister, Govt. of Bombay,

took a keen interest in setting apart a beautiful campus for the
University. As a result of his efforts, a campus extending over 411 acres
was allocated to the University in early 1950.

Initially the University had a jurisdiction extending over 12 districts of

Western Maharashtra. However, with the establishment of the Shivaji
University, Kolhapur, in 1964, the jurisdiction of the University was
restricted to 5 districts, namely Pune, Ahmednagar, Nasik, Dhule and
Jalgaon. Out of these, two districts - Dhule and Jalgaon are attached to
the North Maharashtra University established in August 1990.

During the year 1949, there were only 18 colleges affiliated to the
University, with an enrollment of over 8000 students. Thereafter, the
number of colleges increased, and in 1994-95, the University had 41
post-graduate departments, 209 affiliated colleges and 118 recognized
research institutions, with an enrollment of 1,70,000 students for both
the under-graduate and post-graduate courses in different faculties.

70 research institutions have been recognized by the University for

research. These include institutions of national importance like the
National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), MACS, CWPRS, NIV, Gokhale
Institute of Politics and Economics, Deccan College among others.

Since its inception, the progress of the Savitribai Phule Pune University
has been inextricably linked with the efforts of an illustrious list of Vice
Chancellor. Savitribai Phule Pune University was established under the
Pune University Act, passed by the Bombay legislature on 10 February
1948. In the same year, Dr. M.R. Jayakar became its first Vice
Chancellor B.G. Kher, Chief minister and Education Minister of the
government of Bombay, helped ensure the university received a large
allocation of land for their campus. In early 1950, the university was
allocated over 411 acres.

The University of Pune (earlier name) was renamed as Savitribai Phule

Pune University on 9 November 2014 in the honor of Savitribai
Phule who was an Indian social reformer who played an important role
in improving women's rights in India during British rule. She founded
the first women's school at Pune in 1848.

During 1949, there were only 18 colleges affiliated to the university,

with an enrollment of over 8000 students. Thereafter, the number of
colleges increased. In 1994-95, the university had 41 post-grad0uate
departments, 209 affiliated colleges and 118 recognized research
institutions, with an enrollment of 170,000 students for the under-
graduate and post-graduate courses.

Its location has historical significance. Some incidents of the Battle of

Khadki, during the Third Anglo-Maratha War, took place where the
present-day university is located. The present-day main building was
built in 1864 and was known as the Governor's House. The university is
home to IUCAA, an institute for astronomy.
 DECCAN COLLEGE

The Deccan College, Post-Graduate and Research Institute, Pune is the

third oldest Educational Institute in India. The Hindoo College was
started on 6th October, 1821 by the Bombay Presidency Government at
the initiative of its Governor, Mountstuart Elphinstone by using the
Dakshina Fund, which was started by Khanderao Dabhade, a Maratha
Sardar and continued by the Peshwas for propagating Sanskrit studies.
This College grew from strength to strength and has emerged as a
foremost Institute in the world of higher learning and research. It was
renamed as the Poona College on 7th June, 1851 and later as the
Deccan College in October 1864. The Deccan College was shifted to the
new campus covering an area of 115 acres near Yerawada on 23rd
March 1868. With the help of a muneficent grant of Rs. 1 lakh donated
by Sir Jamsetji Jejeebhoy, the main building of the College was built in
beautiful Gothic architecture. The Deccan College has, since then,
produced a galaxy of students who rose to positions of excellence in
various walks of life. They include Sir Ramlkrishna Gopal Bhandarkar,
the celebrated Indologist, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, the great
nationalist leader, Gurudev Ramchandra Dattratreya Ranade, the
eminent philosopher, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, the great social reformer,
Vishwanath Kashinath Rajawade, the famous historian, Dr. Dwarkanath
Kotnis, the famous Indian medical practitioner who rendered yeoman
service in China, etc.

The College was closed down by the British Government in 1934, but
because of the efforts of the past students and the public spirited
citizens, it was reopened on 17th August 1939 as Deccan College, Post-
Graduate and Research Institute, by the Transfer Deed passed by the
Hon'ble Bombay High Court. The Past Students Association of this
University is growing in strength and actively participates in the
development of the University.

As per the Transfer Deed, the State Government was asked to run the
Institute in perpetuity. Subsequently, two bodies came into existence -
The Deccan College Poona Trust, as the custodian of the landed
property and the Deccan College, Post-Graduate and Research Institute
to take care of the academic activities of the Institute.

In the next half century, the University, apart from giving instruction to
Postgraduate students and producing galaxy of Ph.D. Dissertations,
carried out outstanding research in Ancient Indian History, Culture and
Archaeology, Linguistics, Medieval and Maratha History, Sociology,
Anthropology and Sanskrit studies. Eminent scholars such as the late
Professors S. M. Katre, H. D. Sankalia, Irawati Karve, C. R. Sankaran, T. S.
Shejwalkar, and their colleagues and successors such as Professors A.
M. Ghatage, M. A. Mehendale, S. B. Deo, M. K. Dhavalikar, etc.

The Deccan College in Pune is the third oldest educational institute in

the country. It started as a part of the Dakshina Fund started by a
Maratha Sardar Khanderao Dabhade. It was continued by the Peshwas
for the promotion of Sanskrit. The Fund was given the status of an
institution named as the Hindoo College on 6th October 1821 by
Mountstuart Elphinstone, the then Governor General of the Bombay
Presidency. It was originally run in the Vishrambagwada. In 1842 an
English School was added to the Hindoo College and in 1851 the English
School was merged with the Hindoo College to form the Poona College.
It was then shifted to Wanowri and later on to the present campus near
Yerawada. The land of the campus was donated by the Bombay
Government and the Foundation stone of the main building was laid on
15th October 1864 with a new name given to it as the Deccan College.
Since then, over a period of time, the institute received the fame of
being the foremost centre in the world of higher learning and research.
Many renowned scholars of the last century were the products of this
institute. The list includes Sir R.G. Bhandarkar, Lokamanya Bal
Gangadhar Tilak, Gurudev R.D. Ranade, V.K.Rajwade, etc . The college
was closed down by the British Government in 1934 but was opened
again on 17th August 1939 with the efforts of the past students. It then
became the Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute which
was to cater studies in heritage related subjects.

Since then the Institute carried out outstanding research in Ancient

Indian History, Culture and Archaeology, Linguistics, Medieval and
Maratha History, Sociology-Anthropology and Sanskrit Studies. Eminent
scholars Professors of the Deccan College, Post-Graduate and Research
Institute such as the late S.M. Katre, H.D. Sankalia, Irawati Karve, C.R.
Sankaran and T.S. Shejwalkar, and their colleagues and successors such
as Professors A.M. Ghatage and S.B. Deo , Shobhana Gokhale,
M.S.Mate, M.K.Dhavalikar, G.B. Deglurkar, K.Paddayya as well as the
students enrolled from various parts of the country made excellent
research contributions. The institute is also noteworthy for a gigantic
project of the preparation of an Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Sanskrit on
Historical Principals. All such activities of the institute won it a
deserving status of a Deemed University on 5th March 1990 and started
functioning as the same from 1st June 1994. The institute started its
own courses of M.A. degree in Archaeology, Lingustics and the recently
started Sanskrit & Lexicography, and the P.G.Diploma in Archaeology
along with the Ph.D. students in Archaeology, Linguistics Sanskrit and
other related subjects. The Department of Archaeology of this institute
is famous all over the world for the investigations carried out in various
parts of the country and is considered as the best in the Asian sub
continent for theoretical and field archaeology. This is the only
university department of Archaeology in the entire country, which has
elaborate laboratories for archaeological chemistry, palynology,
archaeo-zoology, archaeo-botany, biological anthropology,
sedimentology, palaeontology, physical chemistry, X-Ray diffraction and
computing. These laboratories carry out scientific analysis of
archaeological remains recovered from various excavations. Their
services are extended to other institutions and university departments
in the country including the Archaeological Survey of India and State
Departments of Archaeology. The institute has two museums namely
the Museum of Archaeology and the Maratha History Museum
displaying the different cultural phases as seen through the activities of
the department. The library of this institute is considered as one of the
best libraries in the city with a collection of over one lakh books and
150 Indian and foreign journals along with a very strong manuscript
collection.
 ST. MIRA COLLEGE

Located in the beautiful city of Pune in Maharashtra, St.Mira’s College

of Girls is one of the prominent women’s colleges in the state.Sadhu
Vaswani Mission operates under ‘Mira’ brand and is running several
institutions across the nation, entirely for the empowerment of
women. The college is providing outstanding facilities and adequate
resources for the betterment of women in the field of education. This
autonomous college has a record of outstanding academic result in the
past years and has won national awards in Sports and
Athletics.St.Mira’s College of Girls is one of the pioneer colleges and
offers an array of academic and professional programmers on both
Junior as well as senior levels. 1. State-of-Art infrastructure and
facilities:

The college boasts about its excellent infrastructural facilities for the
students whether it is campus buildings and botanical garden, Wi-Fi
zone, well-equipped library, modern-equipped Gym, Sports ground,
Hostel or Laboratories.

2. Social Service Events and Activities:

The College provides ample opportunities to the students to contribute

to the development of the community. It organizes Art-of-Living
Assemblies and camps, encourage students to participate and win
laurels in the field of sports and academic events.

3. Eminent members of Faculty:

The college is proud to have well-trained and eminent faculties, drawn

from the reputed sections of industry. They have put their best
endeavors in imparting innovative education to their pupils.

4. Quality Education and Self-motivated teaching mechanisms:

St.Mira’s College of Girls boosts its high academic results and

achievements. It stands unique for its self-motivated teaching
mechanisms which encourage the students to enhance their growth
and achieve excellence.

FERGUSSON COLLEGE

Fergusson College is a degree college in western India, situated in the

city of Pune. It was founded in 1885 by the Deccan Education
Society and was the first privately governed college in India. Professor
Vaman Shivram Apte was the first principal of the college. Social
reformer, journalist, thinker and educationist Gopal Ganesh
Agarkar served as the second principal of the college from August 1892
till his death in June 1895.
The college is named after Scottish born Sir James Fergusson,
the Governor of Bombay, who donated a then princely sum of Rs 1,200.
Since 1948, the college has been under the jurisdiction of the University
of Pune.
The college has two sections:

 The Junior Wing of the college is for students graduating from

school. Courses are offered in Arts and Science streams, at the end
of which students may appear for the Higher-Secondary State
Certificate examination.
 The Senior Wing offers bachelor's degrees in 29 disciplines and
master's degrees in 16 disciplines, spanning electronic andcomputer
sciences, languages, humanities and social science, life sciences and
creative sciences. The college also offers doctoral and vocational
programs.
Fergusson College is known for its close association with Indian politics.
Its founders were amongst the pioneers of the Indian National
Congress, as well as Hindu Nationalism, and the Indian Socialist
Movement.
The college has produced, amongst several ministers and legislators,
two Indian Prime Ministers. Fergusson college was among the 19
colleges to get a heritage tag by the central government and UGC. The
college will receive the financial help grom UGC for the conservation of
campus and buildings.
The 65-acre campus of the college is located in the heart of the city. It
provides athletic and cultural facilities, as well as residential facilities
for more than six hundred students and faculty.
In 2004, Fergusson College was awarded an 'A' grade by the National
Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The College also
received the "Best College Award" amongst the colleges affiliated to
the University of Pune in the academic year 2004-2005.
Fergusson College has ranked amongst the top ten arts and science
colleges in India for the past twelve years in the annual survey
conducted by India Today-AC Nielsen-ORG-MARG and published
in India Today, one of India's leading magazines. Within the state of
Maharashtra, it is consistently ranked second in both science and arts,
behind St. Xavier's College, Mumbai.

SINGHAD COLLEGE

SINGHAD COLLEGE was set up in August 1993 by Prof. M. N. Navale. It

began with the formation of Sou. Venutai Chavan Polytechnic Institute
in the field of Engineering, offering 3-year full-time Diploma courses
in Engineering, recognized by the Government of Maharashtra and
approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New
Delhi. From then, STES has been continually expanding.
In 1994-95, the Post Graduation MBA course of Pune University was
started with just 90 students. And today, there are 180 students taking
benefit of this course.
In 1996-97, the Engineering College was established by STES, offering 4-
year full-time Degree courses in the fields of Mechanical, Production,
Chemical, Civil, Information Technology, Computer Engineering and
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering. The college is affiliated
to the Pune University. In the same year, a 3-year full-time Masters in
Computer Applications (MCA) course was started. 60 students are
currently admitted to this course.
In 1998-1999, the Sinhgad Institute of Management started the 2-year
full-time Masters in Personnel Management (MPM) and 2-year full-time
Masters in Computer Management (MCM) courses, and at present the
intake is 60 and 120 students respectively.
In 1993 Prof. M. N. Navale an Entrepreneur with unmatched foresight &
vision, laid the foundation stone of Sinhgad Institutes. He took over a
Polytechnic Institute (Sou Venutai Chavan Polytechnic) which was not
doing so well and transformed it into a class of its own. Alongside he
started one division of MBA under Sinhgad Institute of Management &
then there was no stopping. In a short span of two decades had ten
divisions of MBA. Sinhgad Institutes soon became a massive far flung
Educational Network with a distinct presence in and around Pune,
including Navi Mumbai, Solapur and Maharashtra in General. As of
now, it has 107 plus Institutes and around 70,000 students pursuing
various education programmes from K.G. to Ph.D.
In 2000-2001, the Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering was
started for girls. It conducts Degree courses in the fields of Information
Technology, Computer Engineering and Electronics &
Telecommunication Engineering. But from academic year 2006-07, the
college was also made open for boys. In the same year mechanical
branch is also introduced.
In 2000-2001 year, Sinhgad College of Architecture and Sinhgad College
of Pharmacy were started. The College of Architecture conducts a 5-
year Degree course (B. Arch) with 40 students and the College of
Pharmacy conducts a 4-year Degree course (B. Pharm) with 60
students.
In 2008-2009, Sinhgad Institute of Technology & Science was started at
Narhe Campus. The institute is the fifth from STES offering Degree
courses in Engineering. Courses in the fields of Information Technology,
Computer Science Engineering, Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering and Mechanical Engineering are offered. But from
academic year 2010-11, the Civil Engineering branch was introduced.
In 2011-12 ,RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering was started at Warje
Campus under the umbrella of Sinhgad Institutes.The institute is 6th
from STES to offer degree programs in Mechanical,Civil,Electronics and
Telecommunication, Information Technology.
STES has also started the Sinhgad Spring Dale School, a Residential
Public School and Regular Day School (English Medium) from June
2000, running pre-primary, primary and secondary school.

The many Schools of Sinhgad Institutes have become a brand in

themselves with stunning facilities and thousands of pupils. Every
campus has a school or two to its credit. Most of them run the CBSE
programme while the others that of the state Government. The Pickup
and drop facility is a winning feature of the school management.

The Sinhgad group of learning Organisations, have generated initiatives

and thought leaders who have shaped the learning minds into capable
business leaders by way of its core values of positive contribution to the
good of the society. The class rooms become a testing ground, for skills
acquired and filter the viable into toughest competencies that can last
for a life time.

The founder’s vision of imparting value base quality education in all the
spheres of higher learning, has become a palpable reality. The
Educational courses range from the basic to the most advanced and
demanding. It covers disciplines like Pure Sciences and applied,
Architecture, Medicine, Law, Engineering, Pharmacy, Dental, BBA and
the like.
An ambitious project of Medical College with a 500 bedded capacity
Hospital, in the name of Prof Navale’s mother “Kashibai Navale” is fully
functional. It is duly recognized by the Medical Council of India &
affiliated to the Pune University.It is dispensing quality treatment to all
for free.

Sinhgad Institutes also have a select array of vocational courses like

Nursing, Hospitality and Aviation, Gemology to name a few.

Sinhgad Institutes are spread over 12 fully equipped sprawling,

aesthetically landscaped campuses.

Every constituent Institute of the Sinhgad Institutes Education

conglomerate is a competitive independent entity and yet connected,
having an Event Calendar of its own.

Intensive planning of Initiatives is ongoing to make the Sinhgad

Institutes, an incomparable force to reckon with.
 CONCLUSION
We can conclude that pune is historical city which has both ancient and
modern culture existing together.

This city has wonderful climate and attraction for many tourists due to
its heritage and beautiful cites.

In recent time this city has emerged as the Educational hub of India and
ithas now been called as Oxford of east.More than 20000 students
migrate here every year to pursue their study.

It has many famous college which is not only famous in India but
globally.Many famous personality of India has pursued their college
education in this city.

Two former Prime Minister of India,former President Pratibha Devi

Singh Patil has persuade their college education from this city.

People here are very peace loving and very helpful,they are modern but
preserve Maratha culture.

In 2014 this city was ranked 7th best city for living in this country.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.maharashtratourism.net/cities/pune/history.html

http://www.punesite.com/pune-history

http://www.unipune.ac.in/university_files/university_history.htm

http://www.smspune.com/?page_id=1157

http://www.sinhgad.edu/sinhgadInstitutes-2013/Inner-pages/SinhgadInstitutes-history.html

http://collegedunia.com/college/4940-st-miras-college-for-girls-pune
 BHARAT EK KHOJ
When Nehru stood on a mound on a MohenjoDaro in the Indus valley
and all around him lay the house and streets of the ancient city that
existed over 5000 years ago, he had the astonishing though, that any
culture or civilization that has a recorded history dating back to the
Paleolithic and Neolithic rock-arts should have a millennium-old
continuity, while changing and progressing all the time. India was
coming into close contact with the Persians and the Egyptian, the
Greeks the Chinese, the Arabs, the central Asian, and even the people
of the Mediterranean.
Spread as far a part as Kathiawar in the west and Ambala district of the
Punjab, people of the Indus cities had many contacts with the Sumerian
civilization of that period. Indian manufacturers reached even the
markets on the Tigris and Euphrates in ancient Mesopotamia. Our story
unfolds lively transactions in commerce and art, exchange of silver
based currency, temple rituals and processions carrying living
goddesses on sequined shoulder thrones with scrumptious cross --
country love affairs on the side. There is an over all stamp of
sophistication in the decorated earthenware, the engravings on the
seals, the humped bulls and the exquisitely supple-bodied dancing-
female and statuettes. There is a surprising wealth of ornaments of
gold, silver, precious stones and vessels of beaten copper.
Who were these Indus people with their unsurpassed glyptic arts?
Where did they come from and how cid they connect to there
civilization of Persia, Mesopotamia and Egypt? It was an urban
civilization where the merchants were wealthy and streets lying with
small shop, giving the impressions of an Indian bazaar today. How did it
decline and yield to the hordes of horse-riding invaders looking
aggressively for farming space and abundant animal-wealth? We see
the enactment of epic storey, the mysterious figure of Gilgamesh. The
superhuman warrior in a fearsome mask, being placed for mercy, when
equestrian marauders suddenly over run venue of the drama.
Between the Indus valley civilization and the present in India, there are
many gaps about which we know little, felt Nehru. But there is always
an underlying sense of continuity, of an unbroken link, which join
modern Indian to the far distant period of our half a millennium, when
the Indus valley civilization probably began.